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Oriol Pujol; David Masip |
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Title |
Geometry-Based Ensembles: Toward a Structural Characterization of the Classification Boundary |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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31 |
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6 |
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1140–1146 |
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This article introduces a novel binary discriminative learning technique based on the approximation of the non-linear decision boundary by a piece-wise linear smooth additive model. The decision border is geometrically defined by means of the characterizing boundary points – points that belong to the optimal boundary under a certain notion of robustness. Based on these points, a set of locally robust linear classifiers is defined and assembled by means of a Tikhonov regularized optimization procedure in an additive model to create a final lambda-smooth decision rule. As a result, a very simple and robust classifier with a strong geometrical meaning and non-linear behavior is obtained. The simplicity of the method allows its extension to cope with some of nowadays machine learning challenges, such as online learning, large scale learning or parallelization, with linear computational complexity. We validate our approach on the UCI database. Finally, we apply our technique in online and large scale scenarios, and in six real life computer vision and pattern recognition problems: gender recognition, intravascular ultrasound tissue classification, speed traffic sign detection, Chagas' disease severity detection, clef classification and action recognition using a 3D accelerometer data. The results are promising and this paper opens a line of research that deserves further attention |
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OR;HuPBA;MV |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ PuM2009 |
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1252 |
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Author |
Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Oriol Rodriguez; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Statistical Strategy for Anisotropic Adventitia Modelling in IVUS |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging |
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25 |
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6 |
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768-778 |
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Corners; T-junctions; Wavelets |
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Vessel plaque assessment by analysis of intravascular ultrasound sequences is a useful tool for cardiac disease diagnosis and intervention. Manual detection of luminal (inner) and mediaadventitia (external) vessel borders is the main activity of physicians in the process of lumen narrowing (plaque) quantification. Difficult definition of vessel border descriptors, as well as, shades, artifacts, and blurred signal response due to ultrasound physical properties trouble automated adventitia segmentation. In order to efficiently approach such a complex problem, we propose blending advanced anisotropic filtering operators and statistical classification techniques into a vessel border modelling strategy. Our systematic statistical analysis shows that the reported adventitia detection achieves an accuracy in the range of interobserver variability regardless of plaque nature, vessel geometry, and incomplete vessel borders. Index Terms–-Anisotropic processing, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), vessel border segmentation, vessel structure classification. |
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IAM;MILAB |
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IAM @ iam @ GHR2006 |
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1525 |
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Carles Fernandez; Pau Baiget; Xavier Roca; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Augmenting Video Surveillance Footage with Virtual Agents for Incremental Event Evaluation |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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32 |
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6 |
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878–889 |
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The fields of segmentation, tracking and behavior analysis demand for challenging video resources to test, in a scalable manner, complex scenarios like crowded environments or scenes with high semantics. Nevertheless, existing public databases cannot scale the presence of appearing agents, which would be useful to study long-term occlusions and crowds. Moreover, creating these resources is expensive and often too particularized to specific needs. We propose an augmented reality framework to increase the complexity of image sequences in terms of occlusions and crowds, in a scalable and controllable manner. Existing datasets can be increased with augmented sequences containing virtual agents. Such sequences are automatically annotated, thus facilitating evaluation in terms of segmentation, tracking, and behavior recognition. In order to easily specify the desired contents, we propose a natural language interface to convert input sentences into virtual agent behaviors. Experimental tests and validation in indoor, street, and soccer environments are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed approach in terms of robustness, scalability, and semantics. |
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Elsevier |
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Admin @ si @ FBR2011b |
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1723 |
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Miguel Angel Bautista; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Petia Radeva; Jordi Vitria; Oriol Pujol |
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Title |
Minimal Design of Error-Correcting Output Codes |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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33 |
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6 |
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693-702 |
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Multi-class classification; Error-correcting output codes; Ensemble of classifiers |
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IF JCR CCIA 1.303 2009 54/103
The classification of large number of object categories is a challenging trend in the pattern recognition field. In literature, this is often addressed using an ensemble of classifiers. In this scope, the Error-correcting output codes framework has demonstrated to be a powerful tool for combining classifiers. However, most state-of-the-art ECOC approaches use a linear or exponential number of classifiers, making the discrimination of a large number of classes unfeasible. In this paper, we explore and propose a minimal design of ECOC in terms of the number of classifiers. Evolutionary computation is used for tuning the parameters of the classifiers and looking for the best minimal ECOC code configuration. The results over several public UCI datasets and different multi-class computer vision problems show that the proposed methodology obtains comparable (even better) results than state-of-the-art ECOC methodologies with far less number of dichotomizers. |
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Elsevier |
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0167-8655 |
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MILAB; OR;HuPBA;MV |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BEB2011a |
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1800 |
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Author |
Partha Pratim Roy; Umapada Pal; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Document Seal Detection Using Ght and Character Proximity Graphs |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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44 |
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6 |
Pages |
1282-1295 |
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Seal recognition; Graphical symbol spotting; Generalized Hough transform; Multi-oriented character recognition |
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This paper deals with automatic detection of seal (stamp) from documents with cluttered background. Seal detection involves a difficult challenge due to its multi-oriented nature, arbitrary shape, overlapping of its part with signature, noise, etc. Here, a seal object is characterized by scale and rotation invariant spatial feature descriptors computed from recognition result of individual connected components (characters). Scale and rotation invariant features are used in a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to recognize multi-scale and multi-oriented text characters. The concept of generalized Hough transform (GHT) is used to detect the seal and a voting scheme is designed for finding possible location of the seal in a document based on the spatial feature descriptor of neighboring component pairs. The peak of votes in GHT accumulator validates the hypothesis to locate the seal in a document. Experiment is performed in an archive of historical documents of handwritten/printed English text. Experimental results show that the method is robust in locating seal instances of arbitrary shape and orientation in documents, and also efficient in indexing a collection of documents for retrieval purposes. |
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Elsevier |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ RPL2011 |
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1820 |
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Author |
Marcel P. Lucassen; Theo Gevers; Arjan Gijsenij |
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Title |
Texture Affects Color Emotion |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
Color Research & Applications |
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CRA |
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36 |
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6 |
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426–436 |
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color;texture;color emotion;observer variability;ranking |
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Several studies have recorded color emotions in subjects viewing uniform color (UC) samples. We conduct an experiment to measure and model how these color emotions change when texture is added to the color samples. Using a computer monitor, our subjects arrange samples along four scales: warm–cool, masculine–feminine, hard–soft, and heavy–light. Three sample types of increasing visual complexity are used: UC, grayscale textures, and color textures (CTs). To assess the intraobserver variability, the experiment is repeated after 1 week. Our results show that texture fully determines the responses on the Hard-Soft scale, and plays a role of decreasing weight for the masculine–feminine, heavy–light, and warm–cool scales. Using some 25,000 observer responses, we derive color emotion functions that predict the group-averaged scale responses from the samples' color and texture parameters. For UC samples, the accuracy of our functions is significantly higher (average R2 = 0.88) than that of previously reported functions applied to our data. The functions derived for CT samples have an accuracy of R2 = 0.80. We conclude that when textured samples are used in color emotion studies, the psychological responses may be strongly affected by texture. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010 |
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ALTRES;ISE |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ LGG2011 |
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1844 |
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Author |
Bogdan Raducanu; Fadi Dornaika |
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A Supervised Non-linear Dimensionality Reduction Approach for Manifold Learning |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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45 |
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6 |
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2432-2444 |
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IF= 2.61
IF=2.61 (2010)
In this paper we introduce a novel supervised manifold learning technique called Supervised Laplacian Eigenmaps (S-LE), which makes use of class label information to guide the procedure of non-linear dimensionality reduction by adopting the large margin concept. The graph Laplacian is split into two components: within-class graph and between-class graph to better characterize the discriminant property of the data. Our approach has two important characteristics: (i) it adaptively estimates the local neighborhood surrounding each sample based on data density and similarity and (ii) the objective function simultaneously maximizes the local margin between heterogeneous samples and pushes the homogeneous samples closer to each other.
Our approach has been tested on several challenging face databases and it has been conveniently compared with other linear and non-linear techniques, demonstrating its superiority. Although we have concentrated in this paper on the face recognition problem, the proposed approach could also be applied to other category of objects characterized by large variations in their appearance (such as hand or body pose, for instance. |
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Elsevier |
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0031-3203 |
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OR; MV |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ RaD2012a |
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1884 |
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Veronica Romero; Alicia Fornes; Nicolas Serrano; Joan Andreu Sanchez; A.H. Toselli; Volkmar Frinken; E. Vidal; Josep Llados |
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The ESPOSALLES database: An ancient marriage license corpus for off-line handwriting recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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46 |
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6 |
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1658-1669 |
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Historical records of daily activities provide intriguing insights into the life of our ancestors, useful for demography studies and genealogical research. Automatic processing of historical documents, however, has mostly been focused on single works of literature and less on social records, which tend to have a distinct layout, structure, and vocabulary. Such information is usually collected by expert demographers that devote a lot of time to manually transcribe them. This paper presents a new database, compiled from a marriage license books collection, to support research in automatic handwriting recognition for historical documents containing social records. Marriage license books are documents that were used for centuries by ecclesiastical institutions to register marriage licenses. Books from this collection are handwritten and span nearly half a millennium until the beginning of the 20th century. In addition, a study is presented about the capability of state-of-the-art handwritten text recognition systems, when applied to the presented database. Baseline results are reported for reference in future studies. |
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Elsevier Science Inc. New York, NY, USA |
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0031-3203 |
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DAG; 600.045; 602.006; 605.203 |
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Admin @ si @ RFS2013 |
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2298 |
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Francesco Ciompi; Oriol Pujol; Carlo Gatta; Marina Alberti; Simone Balocco; Xavier Carrillo; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva |
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HoliMab: A Holistic Approach for Media-Adventitia Border Detection in Intravascular Ultrasound |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Medical Image Analysis |
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MIA |
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16 |
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6 |
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1085-1100 |
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Media–Adventitia border detection; Intravascular ultrasound; Multi-Scale Stacked Sequential Learning; Error-correcting output codes; Holistic segmentation |
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We present a fully automatic methodology for the detection of the Media-Adventitia border (MAb) in human coronary artery in Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) images. A robust border detection is achieved by means of a holistic interpretation of the detection problem where the target object, i.e. the media layer, is considered as part of the whole vessel in the image and all the relationships between tissues are learnt. A fairly general framework exploiting multi-class tissue characterization as well as contextual information on the morphology and the appearance of the tissues is presented. The methodology is (i) validated through an exhaustive comparison with both Inter-observer variability on two challenging databases and (ii) compared with state-of-the-art methods for the detection of the MAb in IVUS. The obtained averaged values for the mean radial distance and the percentage of area difference are 0.211 mm and 10.1%, respectively. The applicability of the proposed methodology to clinical practice is also discussed. |
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MILAB;HuPBA |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ CPG2012 |
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1995 |
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Naila Murray; Sandra Skaff; Luca Marchesotti; Florent Perronnin |
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Towards automatic and flexible concept transfer |
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2012 |
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Computers and Graphics |
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CG |
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36 |
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6 |
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622–634 |
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This paper introduces a novel approach to automatic, yet flexible, image concepttransfer; examples of concepts are “romantic”, “earthy”, and “luscious”. The presented method modifies the color content of an input image given only a concept specified by a user in natural language, thereby requiring minimal user input. This method is particularly useful for users who are aware of the message they wish to convey in the transferred image while being unsure of the color combination needed to achieve the corresponding transfer. Our framework is flexible for two reasons. First, the user may select one of two modalities to map input image chromaticities to target concept chromaticities depending on the level of photo-realism required. Second, the user may adjust the intensity level of the concepttransfer to his/her liking with a single parameter. The proposed method uses a convex clustering algorithm, with a novel pruning mechanism, to automatically set the complexity of models of chromatic content. Results show that our approach yields transferred images which effectively represent concepts as confirmed by a user study. |
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0097-8493 |
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CIC |
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Admin @ si @ MSM2012 |
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2002 |
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Antonio Hernandez; Nadezhda Zlateva; Alexander Marinov; Miguel Reyes; Petia Radeva; Dimo Dimov; Sergio Escalera |
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Human Limb Segmentation in Depth Maps based on Spatio-Temporal Graph Cuts Optimization |
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2012 |
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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments |
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JAISE |
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4 |
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6 |
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535-546 |
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Multi-modal vision processing; Random Forest; Graph-cuts; multi-label segmentation; human body segmentation |
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We present a framework for object segmentation using depth maps based on Random Forest and Graph-cuts theory, and apply it to the segmentation of human limbs. First, from a set of random depth features, Random Forest is used to infer a set of label probabilities for each data sample. This vector of probabilities is used as unary term in α−β swap Graph-cuts algorithm. Moreover, depth values of spatio-temporal neighboring data points are used as boundary potentials. Results on a new multi-label human depth data set show high performance in terms of segmentation overlapping of the novel methodology compared to classical approaches. |
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1876-1364 |
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MILAB;HuPBA |
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Admin @ si @ HZM2012a |
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2006 |
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Santiago Segui; Michal Drozdzal; Fernando Vilariño; Carolina Malagelada; Fernando Azpiroz; Petia Radeva; Jordi Vitria |
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Categorization and Segmentation of Intestinal Content Frames for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy |
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2012 |
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IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine |
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TITB |
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16 |
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6 |
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1341-1352 |
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Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a device that allows the direct visualization of gastrointestinal tract with minimal discomfort for the patient, but at the price of a large amount of time for screening. In order to reduce this time, several works have proposed to automatically remove all the frames showing intestinal content. These methods label frames as {intestinal content – clear} without discriminating between types of content (with different physiological meaning) or the portion of image covered. In addition, since the presence of intestinal content has been identified as an indicator of intestinal motility, its accurate quantification can show a potential clinical relevance. In this paper, we present a method for the robust detection and segmentation of intestinal content in WCE images, together with its further discrimination between turbid liquid and bubbles. Our proposal is based on a twofold system. First, frames presenting intestinal content are detected by a support vector machine classifier using color and textural information. Second, intestinal content frames are segmented into {turbid, bubbles, and clear} regions. We show a detailed validation using a large dataset. Our system outperforms previous methods and, for the first time, discriminates between turbid from bubbles media. |
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1089-7771 |
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800 |
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MILAB; MV; OR;SIAI |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ SDV2012 |
Serial |
2124 |
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Author |
Ferran Diego; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Joint spatio-temporal alignment of sequences |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia |
Abbreviated Journal |
TMM |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1377-1387 |
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Keywords |
video alignment |
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Abstract |
Video alignment is important in different areas of computer vision such as wide baseline matching, action recognition, change detection, video copy detection and frame dropping prevention. Current video alignment methods usually deal with a relatively simple case of fixed or rigidly attached cameras or simultaneous acquisition. Therefore, in this paper we propose a joint video alignment for bringing two video sequences into a spatio-temporal alignment. Specifically, the novelty of the paper is to formulate the video alignment to fold the spatial and temporal alignment into a single alignment framework. This simultaneously satisfies a frame-correspondence and frame-alignment similarity; exploiting the knowledge among neighbor frames by a standard pairwise Markov random field (MRF). This new formulation is able to handle the alignment of sequences recorded at different times by independent moving cameras that follows a similar trajectory, and also generalizes the particular cases that of fixed geometric transformation and/or linear temporal mapping. We conduct experiments on different scenarios such as sequences recorded simultaneously or by moving cameras to validate the robustness of the proposed approach. The proposed method provides the highest video alignment accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art methods on sequences recorded from vehicles driving along the same track at different times. |
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1520-9210 |
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ADAS |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ DSL2013; ADAS @ adas @ |
Serial |
2228 |
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Author |
Antonio Hernandez; Carlo Gatta; Sergio Escalera; Laura Igual; Victoria Martin-Yuste; Manel Sabate; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Accurate coronary centerline extraction, caliber estimation and catheter detection in angiographies |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
TITB |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1332-1340 |
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Abstract |
Segmentation of coronary arteries in X-Ray angiography is a fundamental tool to evaluate arterial diseases and choose proper coronary treatment. The accurate segmentation of coronary arteries has become an important topic for the registration of different modalities which allows physicians rapid access to different medical imaging information from Computed Tomography (CT) scans or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In this paper, we propose an accurate fully automatic algorithm based on Graph-cuts for vessel centerline extraction, caliber estimation, and catheter detection. Vesselness, geodesic paths, and a new multi-scale edgeness map are combined to customize the Graph-cuts approach to the segmentation of tubular structures, by means of a global optimization of the Graph-cuts energy function. Moreover, a novel supervised learning methodology that integrates local and contextual information is proposed for automatic catheter detection. We evaluate the method performance on three datasets coming from different imaging systems. The method performs as good as the expert observer w.r.t. centerline detection and caliber estimation. Moreover, the method discriminates between arteries and catheter with an accuracy of 96.5%, sensitivity of 72%, and precision of 97.4%. |
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1089-7771 |
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Notes |
MILAB;HuPBA |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ HGE2012 |
Serial |
2141 |
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Author |
Sergio Vera; Debora Gil; Agnes Borras; Marius George Linguraru; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester |
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Title |
Geometric Steerable Medial Maps |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Machine Vision and Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
MVA |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1255-1266 |
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Keywords |
Medial Representations ,Medial Manifolds Comparation , Surface , Reconstruction |
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Abstract |
In order to provide more intuitive and easily interpretable representations of complex shapes/organs, medial manifolds should reach a compromise between simplicity in geometry and capability for restoring the anatomy/shape of the organ/volume. Existing morphological methods show excellent results when applied to 2D objects, but their quality drops across dimensions.
This paper contributes to the computation of medial manifolds in two aspects. First, we provide a standard scheme for the computation of medial manifolds that avoids degenerated medial axis segments. Second, we introduce a continuous operator for accurate and efficient computation of medial structures of arbitrary dimension. We evaluate quantitatively the performance of our method with respect to existing approaches, by applying them to syn- thetic shapes of known medial geometry. We also show its higher performance for medical imaging applications in terms of simplicity of medial structures and capability for reconstructing the anatomical volume. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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Mubarak Shah |
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0932-8092 |
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Notes |
IAM; 605.203; 600.060; 600.044 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ VGB2013 |
Serial |
2192 |
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