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Jose Manuel Alvarez; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Road Detection Based on Illuminant Invariance |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems |
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TITS |
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12 |
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1 |
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184-193 |
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road detection |
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By using an onboard camera, it is possible to detect the free road surface ahead of the ego-vehicle. Road detection is of high relevance for autonomous driving, road departure warning, and supporting driver-assistance systems such as vehicle and pedestrian detection. The key for vision-based road detection is the ability to classify image pixels as belonging or not to the road surface. Identifying road pixels is a major challenge due to the intraclass variability caused by lighting conditions. A particularly difficult scenario appears when the road surface has both shadowed and nonshadowed areas. Accordingly, we propose a novel approach to vision-based road detection that is robust to shadows. The novelty of our approach relies on using a shadow-invariant feature space combined with a model-based classifier. The model is built online to improve the adaptability of the algorithm to the current lighting and the presence of other vehicles in the scene. The proposed algorithm works in still images and does not depend on either road shape or temporal restrictions. Quantitative and qualitative experiments on real-world road sequences with heavy traffic and shadows show that the method is robust to shadows and lighting variations. Moreover, the proposed method provides the highest performance when compared with hue-saturation-intensity (HSI)-based algorithms. |
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ADAS @ adas @ AlL2011 |
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1456 |
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Joan Serrat; Ferran Diego; Felipe Lumbreras |
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Los faros delanteros a traves del objetivo |
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2008 |
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UAB Divulga, Revista de divulgacion cientifica |
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ADAS @ adas @ SDL2008b |
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1471 |
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Carme Julia; Angel Sappa; Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Rank Estimation in Missing Data Matrix Problems |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
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Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision |
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JMIV |
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39 |
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2 |
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140-160 |
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A novel technique for missing data matrix rank estimation is presented. It is focused on matrices of trajectories, where every element of the matrix corresponds to an image coordinate from a feature point of a rigid moving object at a given frame; missing data are represented as empty entries. The objective of the proposed approach is to estimate the rank of a missing data matrix in order to fill in empty entries with some matrix completion method, without using or assuming neither the number of objects contained in the scene nor the kind of their motion. The key point of the proposed technique consists in studying the frequency behaviour of the individual trajectories, which are seen as 1D signals. The main assumption is that due to the rigidity of the moving objects, the frequency content of the trajectories will be similar after filling in their missing entries. The proposed rank estimation approach can be used in different computer vision problems, where the rank of a missing data matrix needs to be estimated. Experimental results with synthetic and real data are provided in order to empirically show the good performance of the proposed approach. |
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0924-9907 |
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Admin @ si @ JSL2011; |
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1710 |
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Carme Julia; Felipe Lumbreras; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
A Factorization-based Approach to Photometric Stereo |
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2011 |
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International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology |
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IJIST |
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21 |
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1 |
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115-119 |
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This article presents an adaptation of a factorization technique to tackle the photometric stereo problem. That is to recover the surface normals and reflectance of an object from a set of images obtained under different lighting conditions. The main contribution of the proposed approach is to consider pixels in shadow and saturated regions as missing data, in order to reduce their influence to the result. Concretely, an adapted Alternation technique is used to deal with missing data. Experimental results considering both synthetic and real images show the viability of the proposed factorization-based strategy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 21, 115–119, 2011. |
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Admin @ si @ JLS2011; ADAS @ adas @ |
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1711 |
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Fadi Dornaika; Jose Manuel Alvarez; Angel Sappa; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
A New Framework for Stereo Sensor Pose through Road Segmentation and Registration |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems |
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TITS |
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12 |
Issue |
4 |
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954-966 |
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road detection |
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This paper proposes a new framework for real-time estimation of the onboard stereo head's position and orientation relative to the road surface, which is required for any advanced driver-assistance application. This framework can be used with all road types: highways, urban, etc. Unlike existing works that rely on feature extraction in either the image domain or 3-D space, we propose a framework that directly estimates the unknown parameters from the stream of stereo pairs' brightness. The proposed approach consists of two stages that are invoked for every stereo frame. The first stage segments the road region in one monocular view. The second stage estimates the camera pose using a featureless registration between the segmented monocular road region and the other view in the stereo pair. This paper has two main contributions. The first contribution combines a road segmentation algorithm with a registration technique to estimate the online stereo camera pose. The second contribution solves the registration using a featureless method, which is carried out using two different optimization techniques: 1) the differential evolution algorithm and 2) the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm. We provide experiments and evaluations of performance. The results presented show the validity of our proposed framework. |
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1524-9050 |
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Admin @ si @ DAS2011; ADAS @ adas @ das2011a |
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1833 |
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Mohammad Rouhani; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
Implicit Polynomial Representation through a Fast Fitting Error Estimation |
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2012 |
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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
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TIP |
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21 |
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4 |
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2089-2098 |
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Impact Factor
This paper presents a simple distance estimation for implicit polynomial fitting. It is computed as the height of a simplex built between the point and the surface (i.e., a triangle in 2-D or a tetrahedron in 3-D), which is used as a coarse but reliable estimation of the orthogonal distance. The proposed distance can be described as a function of the coefficients of the implicit polynomial. Moreover, it is differentiable and has a smooth behavior . Hence, it can be used in any gradient-based optimization. In this paper, its use in a Levenberg-Marquardt framework is shown, which is particularly devoted for nonlinear least squares problems. The proposed estimation is a generalization of the gradient-based distance estimation, which is widely used in the literature. Experimental results, both in 2-D and 3-D data sets, are provided. Comparisons with state-of-the-art techniques are presented, showing the advantages of the proposed approach. |
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1057-7149 |
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Admin @ si @ RoS2012b; ADAS @ adas @ |
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1937 |
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Author |
Jose Carlos Rubio; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez; Daniel Ponsa |
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Title |
Multiple target tracking for intelligent headlights control |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems |
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TITS |
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13 |
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2 |
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594-605 |
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Intelligent Headlights |
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Intelligent vehicle lighting systems aim at automatically regulating the headlights' beam to illuminate as much of the road ahead as possible while avoiding dazzling other drivers. A key component of such a system is computer vision software that is able to distinguish blobs due to vehicles' headlights and rear lights from those due to road lamps and reflective elements such as poles and traffic signs. In a previous work, we have devised a set of specialized supervised classifiers to make such decisions based on blob features related to its intensity and shape. Despite the overall good performance, there remain challenging that have yet to be solved: notably, faint and tiny blobs corresponding to quite distant vehicles. In fact, for such distant blobs, classification decisions can be taken after observing them during a few frames. Hence, incorporating tracking could improve the overall lighting system performance by enforcing the temporal consistency of the classifier decision. Accordingly, this paper focuses on the problem of constructing blob tracks, which is actually one of multiple-target tracking (MTT), but under two special conditions: We have to deal with frequent occlusions, as well as blob splits and merges. We approach it in a novel way by formulating the problem as a maximum a posteriori inference on a Markov random field. The qualitative (in video form) and quantitative evaluation of our new MTT method shows good tracking results. In addition, we will also see that the classification performance of the problematic blobs improves due to the proposed MTT algorithm. |
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1524-9050 |
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Admin @ si @ RLP2012; ADAS @ adas @ rsl2012g |
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1877 |
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Ferran Diego; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Joint spatio-temporal alignment of sequences |
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2013 |
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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia |
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TMM |
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15 |
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6 |
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1377-1387 |
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video alignment |
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Video alignment is important in different areas of computer vision such as wide baseline matching, action recognition, change detection, video copy detection and frame dropping prevention. Current video alignment methods usually deal with a relatively simple case of fixed or rigidly attached cameras or simultaneous acquisition. Therefore, in this paper we propose a joint video alignment for bringing two video sequences into a spatio-temporal alignment. Specifically, the novelty of the paper is to formulate the video alignment to fold the spatial and temporal alignment into a single alignment framework. This simultaneously satisfies a frame-correspondence and frame-alignment similarity; exploiting the knowledge among neighbor frames by a standard pairwise Markov random field (MRF). This new formulation is able to handle the alignment of sequences recorded at different times by independent moving cameras that follows a similar trajectory, and also generalizes the particular cases that of fixed geometric transformation and/or linear temporal mapping. We conduct experiments on different scenarios such as sequences recorded simultaneously or by moving cameras to validate the robustness of the proposed approach. The proposed method provides the highest video alignment accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art methods on sequences recorded from vehicles driving along the same track at different times. |
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1520-9210 |
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Admin @ si @ DSL2013; ADAS @ adas @ |
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2228 |
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Arnau Ramisa; David Aldavert; Shrihari Vasudevan; Ricardo Toledo; Ramon Lopez de Mantaras |
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Evaluation of Three Vision Based Object Perception Methods for a Mobile Robot |
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2012 |
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Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems |
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JIRC |
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68 |
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2 |
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185-208 |
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This paper addresses visual object perception applied to mobile robotics. Being able to perceive household objects in unstructured environments is a key capability in order to make robots suitable to perform complex tasks in home environments. However, finding a solution for this task is daunting: it requires the ability to handle the variability in image formation in a moving camera with tight time constraints. The paper brings to attention some of the issues with applying three state of the art object recognition and detection methods in a mobile robotics scenario, and proposes methods to deal with windowing/segmentation. Thus, this work aims at evaluating the state-of-the-art in object perception in an attempt to develop a lightweight solution for mobile robotics use/research in typical indoor settings. |
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Springer Netherlands |
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0921-0296 |
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Admin @ si @ RAV2012 |
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2150 |
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Cristhian Aguilera; Fernando Barrera; Felipe Lumbreras; Angel Sappa; Ricardo Toledo |
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Multispectral Image Feature Points |
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2012 |
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Sensors |
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SENS |
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12 |
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9 |
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12661-12672 |
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multispectral image descriptor; color and infrared images; feature point descriptor |
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Far-Infrared and Visible Spectrum images. It allows matching interest points on images of the same scene but acquired in different spectral bands. Initially, points of interest are detected on both images through a SIFT-like based scale space representation. Then, these points are characterized using an Edge Oriented Histogram (EOH) descriptor. Finally, points of interest from multispectral images are matched by finding nearest couples using the information from the descriptor. The provided experimental results and comparisons with similar methods show both the validity of the proposed approach as well as the improvements it offers with respect to the current state-of-the-art. |
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Admin @ si @ ABL2012 |
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2154 |
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