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Author |
Michal Drozdzal; Santiago Segui; Petia Radeva; Carolina Malagelada; Fernando Azpiroz; Jordi Vitria |
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Title |
An Application for Efficient Error-Free Labeling of Medical Images |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Multimodal Interaction in Image and Video Applications |
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Volume |
48 |
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Pages |
1-16 |
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Abstract |
In this chapter we describe an application for efficient error-free labeling of medical images. In this scenario, the compilation of a complete training set for building a realistic model of a given class of samples is not an easy task, making the process tedious and time consuming. For this reason, there is a need for interactive labeling applications that minimize the effort of the user while providing error-free labeling. We propose a new algorithm that is based on data similarity in feature space. This method actively explores data in order to find the best label-aligned clustering and exploits it to reduce the labeler effort, that is measured by the number of “clicks. Moreover, error-free labeling is guaranteed by the fact that all data and their labels proposals are visually revised by en expert. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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1868-4394 |
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978-3-642-35931-6 |
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Notes |
MILAB; OR;MV |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ DSR2013 |
Serial |
2235 |
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Author |
Juan Ramon Terven Salinas; Joaquin Salas; Bogdan Raducanu |
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Title |
Estado del Arte en Sistemas de Vision Artificial para Personas Invidentes |
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Journal |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Komputer Sapiens |
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KS |
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1 |
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Pages |
20-25 |
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OR;MV |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ TSR2013 |
Serial |
2231 |
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Author |
Bogdan Raducanu; Fadi Dornaika |
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Title |
Texture-independent recognition of facial expressions in image snapshots and videos |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Machine Vision and Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
MVA |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
811-820 |
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Abstract |
This paper addresses the static and dynamic recognition of basic facial expressions. It has two main contributions. First, we introduce a view- and texture-independent scheme that exploits facial action parameters estimated by an appearance-based 3D face tracker. We represent the learned facial actions associated with different facial expressions by time series. Second, we compare this dynamic scheme with a static one based on analyzing individual snapshots and show that the former performs better than the latter. We provide evaluations of performance using three subspace learning techniques: linear discriminant analysis, non-parametric discriminant analysis and support vector machines. |
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Springer-Verlag |
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0932-8092 |
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Notes |
OR; 600.046; 605.203;MV |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ RaD2013 |
Serial |
2230 |
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Author |
Cesar Isaza; Joaquin Salas; Bogdan Raducanu |
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Title |
Rendering ground truth data sets to detect shadows cast by static objects in outdoors |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Multimedia Tools and Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
MTAP |
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Volume |
70 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
557-571 |
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Keywords |
Synthetic ground truth data set; Sun position; Shadow detection; Static objects shadow detection |
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In our work, we are particularly interested in studying the shadows cast by static objects in outdoor environments, during daytime. To assess the accuracy of a shadow detection algorithm, we need ground truth information. The collection of such information is a very tedious task because it is a process that requires manual annotation. To overcome this severe limitation, we propose in this paper a methodology to automatically render ground truth using a virtual environment. To increase the degree of realism and usefulness of the simulated environment, we incorporate in the scenario the precise longitude, latitude and elevation of the actual location of the object, as well as the sun’s position for a given time and day. To evaluate our method, we consider a qualitative and a quantitative comparison. In the quantitative one, we analyze the shadow cast by a real object in a particular geographical location and its corresponding rendered model. To evaluate qualitatively the methodology, we use some ground truth images obtained both manually and automatically. |
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Springer US |
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1380-7501 |
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Notes |
LAMP; |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ ISR2014 |
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2229 |
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Author |
Ferran Diego; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Joint spatio-temporal alignment of sequences |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia |
Abbreviated Journal |
TMM |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1377-1387 |
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Keywords |
video alignment |
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Abstract |
Video alignment is important in different areas of computer vision such as wide baseline matching, action recognition, change detection, video copy detection and frame dropping prevention. Current video alignment methods usually deal with a relatively simple case of fixed or rigidly attached cameras or simultaneous acquisition. Therefore, in this paper we propose a joint video alignment for bringing two video sequences into a spatio-temporal alignment. Specifically, the novelty of the paper is to formulate the video alignment to fold the spatial and temporal alignment into a single alignment framework. This simultaneously satisfies a frame-correspondence and frame-alignment similarity; exploiting the knowledge among neighbor frames by a standard pairwise Markov random field (MRF). This new formulation is able to handle the alignment of sequences recorded at different times by independent moving cameras that follows a similar trajectory, and also generalizes the particular cases that of fixed geometric transformation and/or linear temporal mapping. We conduct experiments on different scenarios such as sequences recorded simultaneously or by moving cameras to validate the robustness of the proposed approach. The proposed method provides the highest video alignment accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art methods on sequences recorded from vehicles driving along the same track at different times. |
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1520-9210 |
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Notes |
ADAS |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ DSL2013; ADAS @ adas @ |
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2228 |
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Author |
German Ros; J. Guerrero; Angel Sappa; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
VSLAM pose initialization via Lie groups and Lie algebras optimization |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation |
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Pages |
5740 - 5747 |
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Keywords |
SLAM |
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Abstract |
We present a novel technique for estimating initial 3D poses in the context of localization and Visual SLAM problems. The presented approach can deal with noise, outliers and a large amount of input data and still performs in real time in a standard CPU. Our method produces solutions with an accuracy comparable to those produced by RANSAC but can be much faster when the percentage of outliers is high or for large amounts of input data. On the current work we propose to formulate the pose estimation as an optimization problem on Lie groups, considering their manifold structure as well as their associated Lie algebras. This allows us to perform a fast and simple optimization at the same time that conserve all the constraints imposed by the Lie group SE(3). Additionally, we present several key design concepts related with the cost function and its Jacobian; aspects that are critical for the good performance of the algorithm. |
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Karlsruhe; Germany; May 2013 |
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1050-4729 |
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978-1-4673-5641-1 |
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Conference |
ICRA |
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Notes |
ADAS; 600.054; 600.055; 600.057 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ RGS2013a; ADAS @ adas @ |
Serial |
2225 |
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Author |
David Aldavert; Marçal Rusiñol; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Integrating Visual and Textual Cues for Query-by-String Word Spotting |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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511 - 515 |
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In this paper, we present a word spotting framework that follows the query-by-string paradigm where word images are represented both by textual and visual representations. The textual representation is formulated in terms of character $n$-grams while the visual one is based on the bag-of-visual-words scheme. These two representations are merged together and projected to a sub-vector space. This transform allows to, given a textual query, retrieve word instances that were only represented by the visual modality. Moreover, this statistical representation can be used together with state-of-the-art indexation structures in order to deal with large-scale scenarios. The proposed method is evaluated using a collection of historical documents outperforming state-of-the-art performances. |
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Washington; USA; August 2013 |
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1520-5363 |
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ICDAR |
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Notes |
DAG; ADAS; 600.045; 600.055; 600.061 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ ART2013 |
Serial |
2224 |
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Author |
Ariel Amato; Ivan Huerta; Mikhail Mozerov; Xavier Roca; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Moving Cast Shadows Detection Methods for Video Surveillance Applications |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Augmented Vision and Reality |
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Volume |
6 |
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23-47 |
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Moving cast shadows are a major concern in today’s performance from broad range of many vision-based surveillance applications because they highly difficult the object classification task. Several shadow detection methods have been reported in the literature during the last years. They are mainly divided into two domains. One usually works with static images, whereas the second one uses image sequences, namely video content. In spite of the fact that both cases can be analogously analyzed, there is a difference in the application field. The first case, shadow detection methods can be exploited in order to obtain additional geometric and semantic cues about shape and position of its casting object (‘shape from shadows’) as well as the localization of the light source. While in the second one, the main purpose is usually change detection, scene matching or surveillance (usually in a background subtraction context). Shadows can in fact modify in a negative way the shape and color of the target object and therefore affect the performance of scene analysis and interpretation in many applications. This chapter wills mainly reviews shadow detection methods as well as their taxonomies related with the second case, thus aiming at those shadows which are associated with moving objects (moving shadows). |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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2190-5916 |
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978-3-642-37840-9 |
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Notes |
ISE; 605.203; 600.049; 302.018; 302.012; 600.078 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ AHM2014 |
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2223 |
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Author |
Marc Castello; Jordi Gonzalez; Ariel Amato; Pau Baiget; Carles Fernandez; Josep M. Gonfaus; Ramon Mollineda; Marco Pedersoli; Nicolas Perez de la Blanca; Xavier Roca |
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Title |
Exploiting Multimodal Interaction Techniques for Video-Surveillance |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Multimodal Interaction in Image and Video Applications Intelligent Systems Reference Library |
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48 |
Issue |
8 |
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135-151 |
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In this paper we present an example of a video surveillance application that exploits Multimodal Interactive (MI) technologies. The main objective of the so-called VID-Hum prototype was to develop a cognitive artificial system for both the detection and description of a particular set of human behaviours arising from real-world events. The main procedure of the prototype described in this chapter entails: (i) adaptation, since the system adapts itself to the most common behaviours (qualitative data) inferred from tracking (quantitative data) thus being able to recognize abnormal behaviors; (ii) feedback, since an advanced interface based on Natural Language understanding allows end-users the communicationwith the prototype by means of conceptual sentences; and (iii) multimodality, since a virtual avatar has been designed to describe what is happening in the scene, based on those textual interpretations generated by the prototype. Thus, the MI methodology has provided an adequate framework for all these cooperating processes. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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1868-4394 |
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978-3-642-35931-6 |
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ISE; 605.203; 600.049 |
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no |
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CGA2013 |
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2222 |
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Author |
Francisco Javier Orozco; Ognjen Rudovic; Jordi Gonzalez; Maja Pantic |
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Title |
Hierarchical On-line Appearance-Based Tracking for 3D Head Pose, Eyebrows, Lips, Eyelids and Irises |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Image and Vision Computing |
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IMAVIS |
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31 |
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4 |
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322-340 |
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On-line appearance models; Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm; Line-search optimization; 3D face tracking; Facial action tracking; Eyelid tracking; Iris tracking |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we propose an On-line Appearance-Based Tracker (OABT) for simultaneous tracking of 3D head pose, lips, eyebrows, eyelids and irises in monocular video sequences. In contrast to previously proposed tracking approaches, which deal with face and gaze tracking separately, our OABT can also be used for eyelid and iris tracking, as well as 3D head pose, lips and eyebrows facial actions tracking. Furthermore, our approach applies an on-line learning of changes in the appearance of the tracked target. Hence, the prior training of appearance models, which usually requires a large amount of labeled facial images, is avoided. Moreover, the proposed method is built upon a hierarchical combination of three OABTs, which are optimized using a Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm (LMA) enhanced with line-search procedures. This, in turn, makes the proposed method robust to changes in lighting conditions, occlusions and translucent textures, as evidenced by our experiments. Finally, the proposed method achieves head and facial actions tracking in real-time. |
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Elsevier |
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ISE; 605.203; 302.012; 302.018; 600.049 |
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no |
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ORG2013 |
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2221 |
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Author |
Jiaolong Xu; David Vazquez; Sebastian Ramos; Antonio Lopez; Daniel Ponsa |
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Title |
Adapting a Pedestrian Detector by Boosting LDA Exemplar Classifiers |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
CVPR Workshop on Ground Truth – What is a good dataset? |
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688 - 693 |
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Pedestrian Detection; Domain Adaptation |
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Training vision-based pedestrian detectors using synthetic datasets (virtual world) is a useful technique to collect automatically the training examples with their pixel-wise ground truth. However, as it is often the case, these detectors must operate in real-world images, experiencing a significant drop of their performance. In fact, this effect also occurs among different real-world datasets, i.e. detectors' accuracy drops when the training data (source domain) and the application scenario (target domain) have inherent differences. Therefore, in order to avoid this problem, it is required to adapt the detector trained with synthetic data to operate in the real-world scenario. In this paper, we propose a domain adaptation approach based on boosting LDA exemplar classifiers from both virtual and real worlds. We evaluate our proposal on multiple real-world pedestrian detection datasets. The results show that our method can efficiently adapt the exemplar classifiers from virtual to real world, avoiding drops in average precision over the 15%. |
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Portland; oregon; June 2013 |
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English |
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English |
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CVPRW |
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ADAS; 600.054; 600.057; 601.217 |
Approved |
yes |
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XVR2013; ADAS @ adas @ xvr2013a |
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2220 |
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Author |
David Vazquez; Jiaolong Xu; Sebastian Ramos; Antonio Lopez; Daniel Ponsa |
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Title |
Weakly Supervised Automatic Annotation of Pedestrian Bounding Boxes |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
CVPR Workshop on Ground Truth – What is a good dataset? |
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706 - 711 |
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Pedestrian Detection; Domain Adaptation |
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Among the components of a pedestrian detector, its trained pedestrian classifier is crucial for achieving the desired performance. The initial task of the training process consists in collecting samples of pedestrians and background, which involves tiresome manual annotation of pedestrian bounding boxes (BBs). Thus, recent works have assessed the use of automatically collected samples from photo-realistic virtual worlds. However, learning from virtual-world samples and testing in real-world images may suffer the dataset shift problem. Accordingly, in this paper we assess an strategy to collect samples from the real world and retrain with them, thus avoiding the dataset shift, but in such a way that no BBs of real-world pedestrians have to be provided. In particular, we train a pedestrian classifier based on virtual-world samples (no human annotation required). Then, using such a classifier we collect pedestrian samples from real-world images by detection. After, a human oracle rejects the false detections efficiently (weak annotation). Finally, a new classifier is trained with the accepted detections. We show that this classifier is competitive with respect to the counterpart trained with samples collected by manually annotating hundreds of pedestrian BBs. |
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Portland; Oregon; June 2013 |
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IEEE |
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English |
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English |
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CVPRW |
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Notes |
ADAS; 600.054; 600.057; 601.217 |
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no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ VXR2013a |
Serial |
2219 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Patricia Marquez; Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Daniel Kondermann |
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Title |
When Is A Confidence Measure Good Enough? |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
9th International Conference on Computer Vision Systems |
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7963 |
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344-353 |
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Optical flow, confidence measure, performance evaluation |
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Confidence estimation has recently become a hot topic in image processing and computer vision.Yet, several definitions exist of the term “confidence” which are sometimes used interchangeably. This is a position paper, in which we aim to give an overview on existing definitions,
thereby clarifying the meaning of the used terms to facilitate further research in this field. Based on these clarifications, we develop a theory to compare confidence measures with respect to their quality. |
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St Petersburg; Russia; July 2013 |
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0302-9743 |
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978-3-642-39401-0 |
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IAM;ADAS; 600.044; 600.057; 600.060; 601.145 |
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IAM @ iam @ MGH2013a |
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2218 |
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Sergio Escalera |
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Coding and Decoding Design of ECOCs for Multi-class Pattern and Object Recognition A |
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2008 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat de Barcelona-CVC |
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Many real problems require multi-class decisions. In the Pattern Recognition field,
many techniques have been proposed to deal with the binary problem. However,
the extension of many 2-class classifiers to the multi-class case is a hard task. In
this sense, Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) demonstrated to be a powerful
tool to combine any number of binary classifiers to model multi-class problems. But
there are still many open issues about the capabilities of the ECOC framework. In
this thesis, the two main stages of an ECOC design are analyzed: the coding and
the decoding steps. We present different problem-dependent designs. These designs
take advantage of the knowledge of the problem domain to minimize the number
of classifiers, obtaining a high classification performance. On the other hand, we
analyze the ECOC codification in order to define new decoding rules that take full
benefit from the information provided at the coding step. Moreover, as a successful
classification requires a rich feature set, new feature detection/extraction techniques
are presented and evaluated on the new ECOC designs. The evaluation of the new
methodology is performed on different real and synthetic data sets: UCI Machine
Learning Repository, handwriting symbols, traffic signs from a Mobile Mapping System, Intravascular Ultrasound images, Caltech Repository data set or Chaga’s disease
data set. The results of this thesis show that significant performance improvements
are obtained on both traditional coding and decoding ECOC designs when the new
coding and decoding rules are taken into account. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Petia Radeva;Oriol Pujol |
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MILAB; HuPBA |
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Admin @ si @ Esc2008b |
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2217 |
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Author |
Susana Alvarez |
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Revisión de la teoría de los Textons Enfoque computacional en color |
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2012 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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El color y la textura son dos estímulos visuales importantes para la interpretación de las imágenes. La definición de descriptores computacionales que combinan estas dos características es aún un problema abierto. La dificultad se deriva esencialmente de la propia naturaleza de ambas, mientras que la textura es una propiedad de una región, el color es una propiedad de un punto.
Hasta ahora se han utilizado tres los tipos de aproximaciones para la combinación, (a) se describe la textura directamente en cada uno de los canales color, (b) se describen textura y color por separado y se combinan al final, y (c) la combinación se realiza con técnicas de aprendizaje automático. Considerando que este problema se resuelve en el sistema visual humano en niveles muy tempranos, en esta tesis se propone estudiar el problema a partir de la implementación directa de una teoría perceptual, la teoría de los textons, y explorar así su extensión a color.
Puesto que la teoría de los textons se basa en la descripción de la textura a partir de las densidades de los atributos locales, esto se adapta perfectamente al marco de trabajo de los descriptores holísticos (bag-of-words). Se han estudiado diversos descriptores basados en diferentes espacios de textons, y diferentes representaciones de las imágenes. Asimismo se ha estudiado la viabilidad de estos descriptores en una representación conceptual de nivel intermedio.
Los descriptores propuestos han demostrado ser muy eficientes en aplicaciones de recuperación y clasificación de imágenes, presentando ventajas en la generación de vocabularios. Los vocabularios se obtienen cuantificando directamente espacios de baja dimensión y la perceptualidad de estos espacios permite asociar semántica de bajo nivel a las palabras visuales. El estudio de los resultados permite concluir que si bien la aproximación holística es muy eficiente, la introducción de co-ocurrencia espacial de las propiedades de forma y color de los blobs de la imagen es un elemento clave para su combinación, hecho que no contradice las evidencias en percepción |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Maria Vanrell;Xavier Otazu |
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CIC |
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Alv2012b |
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2216 |
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