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Mariella Dimiccoli; Benoît Girard; Alain Berthoz; Daniel Bennequin |
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Title |
Striola Magica: a functional explanation of otolith organs |
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Year |
2013 |
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Journal of Computational Neuroscience |
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JCN |
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35 |
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2 |
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125-154 |
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Otolith organs ;Striola; Vestibular pathway |
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Otolith end organs of vertebrates sense linear accelerations of the head and gravitation. The hair cells on their epithelia are responsible for transduction. In mammals, the striola, parallel to the line where hair cells reverse their polarization, is a narrow region centered on a curve with curvature and torsion. It has been shown that the striolar region is functionally different from the rest, being involved in a phasic vestibular pathway. We propose a mathematical and computational model that explains the necessity of this amazing geometry for the striola to be able to carry out its function. Our hypothesis, related to the biophysics of the hair cells and to the physiology of their afferent neurons, is that striolar afferents collect information from several type I hair cells to detect the jerk in a large domain of acceleration directions. This predicts a mean number of two calyces for afferent neurons, as measured in rodents. The domain of acceleration directions sensed by our striolar model is compatible with the experimental results obtained on monkeys considering all afferents. Therefore, the main result of our study is that phasic and tonic vestibular afferents cover the same geometrical fields, but at different dynamical and frequency domains. |
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Springer US |
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1573-6873. 2013 |
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MILAB |
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Admin @ si @DBG2013 |
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2787 |
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Author |
J.P. Jacob; Mariella Dimiccoli; L. Moisan |
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Title |
Active skeleton for bacteria modelling |
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2017 |
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Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging and Visualization |
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CMBBE |
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5 |
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4 |
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274-286 |
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The investigation of spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial cells and their molecular components requires automated image analysis tools to track cell shape properties and molecular component locations inside the cells. In the study of bacteria aging, the molecular components of interest are protein aggregates accumulated near bacteria boundaries. This particular location makes very ambiguous the correspondence between aggregates and cells, since computing accurately bacteria boundaries in phase-contrast time-lapse imaging is a challenging task. This paper proposes an active skeleton formulation for bacteria modelling which provides several advantages: an easy computation of shape properties (perimeter, length, thickness and orientation), an improved boundary accuracy in noisy images and a natural bacteria-centred coordinate system that permits the intrinsic location of molecular components inside the cell. Starting from an initial skeleton estimate, the medial axis of the bacterium is obtained by minimising an energy function which incorporates bacteria shape constraints. Experimental results on biological images and comparative evaluation of the performances validate the proposed approach for modelling cigar-shaped bacteria like Escherichia coli. The Image-J plugin of the proposed method can be found online at http://fluobactracker.inrialpes.fr. |
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Taylor & Francis Group |
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MILAB; |
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Admin @ si @JDM2017 |
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2784 |
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Author |
Mariella Dimiccoli |
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Title |
Fundamentals of cone regression |
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2016 |
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Journal of Statistics Surveys |
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10 |
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53-99 |
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cone regression; linear complementarity problems; proximal operators. |
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Cone regression is a particular case of quadratic programming that minimizes a weighted sum of squared residuals under a set of linear inequality constraints. Several important statistical problems such as isotonic, concave regression or ANOVA under partial orderings, just to name a few, can be considered as particular instances of the cone regression problem. Given its relevance in Statistics, this paper aims to address the fundamentals of cone regression from a theoretical and practical point of view. Several formulations of the cone regression problem are considered and, focusing on the particular case of concave regression as an example, several algorithms are analyzed and compared both qualitatively and quantitatively through numerical simulations. Several improvements to enhance numerical stability and bound the computational cost are proposed. For each analyzed algorithm, the pseudo-code and its corresponding code in Matlab are provided. The results from this study demonstrate that the choice of the optimization approach strongly impacts the numerical performances. It is also shown that methods are not currently available to solve efficiently cone regression problems with large dimension (more than many thousands of points). We suggest further research to fill this gap by exploiting and adapting classical multi-scale strategy to compute an approximate solution. |
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1935-7516 |
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MILAB; |
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Admin @ si @Dim2016a |
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2783 |
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Author |
Gerard Canal; Sergio Escalera; Cecilio Angulo |
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Title |
A Real-time Human-Robot Interaction system based on gestures for assistive scenarios |
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2016 |
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Computer Vision and Image Understanding |
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CVIU |
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149 |
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65-77 |
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Gesture recognition; Human Robot Interaction; Dynamic Time Warping; Pointing location estimation |
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Natural and intuitive human interaction with robotic systems is a key point to develop robots assisting people in an easy and effective way. In this paper, a Human Robot Interaction (HRI) system able to recognize gestures usually employed in human non-verbal communication is introduced, and an in-depth study of its usability is performed. The system deals with dynamic gestures such as waving or nodding which are recognized using a Dynamic Time Warping approach based on gesture specific features computed from depth maps. A static gesture consisting in pointing at an object is also recognized. The pointed location is then estimated in order to detect candidate objects the user may refer to. When the pointed object is unclear for the robot, a disambiguation procedure by means of either a verbal or gestural dialogue is performed. This skill would lead to the robot picking an object in behalf of the user, which could present difficulties to do it by itself. The overall system — which is composed by a NAO and Wifibot robots, a KinectTM v2 sensor and two laptops — is firstly evaluated in a structured lab setup. Then, a broad set of user tests has been completed, which allows to assess correct performance in terms of recognition rates, easiness of use and response times. |
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Elsevier B.V. |
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HuPBA;MILAB; |
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Admin @ si @ CEA2016 |
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2768 |
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Author |
Cristina Palmero; Albert Clapes; Chris Bahnsen; Andreas Møgelmose; Thomas B. Moeslund; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Multi-modal RGB-Depth-Thermal Human Body Segmentation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
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International Journal of Computer Vision |
Abbreviated Journal |
IJCV |
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Volume |
118 |
Issue |
2 |
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217-239 |
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Human body segmentation; RGB ; Depth Thermal |
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This work addresses the problem of human body segmentation from multi-modal visual cues as a first stage of automatic human behavior analysis. We propose a novel RGB–depth–thermal dataset along with a multi-modal segmentation baseline. The several modalities are registered using a calibration device and a registration algorithm. Our baseline extracts regions of interest using background subtraction, defines a partitioning of the foreground regions into cells, computes a set of image features on those cells using different state-of-the-art feature extractions, and models the distribution of the descriptors per cell using probabilistic models. A supervised learning algorithm then fuses the output likelihoods over cells in a stacked feature vector representation. The baseline, using Gaussian mixture models for the probabilistic modeling and Random Forest for the stacked learning, is superior to other state-of-the-art methods, obtaining an overlap above 75 % on the novel dataset when compared to the manually annotated ground-truth of human segmentations. |
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Springer US |
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HuPBA;MILAB; |
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Admin @ si @ PCB2016 |
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2767 |
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