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Author Antonio Lopez; Joan Serrat; Cristina Cañero; Felipe Lumbreras; T. Graf edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Robust lane markings detection and road geometry computation Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication International Journal of Automotive Technology Abbreviated Journal IJAT  
  Volume 11 Issue 3 Pages 395–407  
  Keywords (up) lane markings  
  Abstract Detection of lane markings based on a camera sensor can be a low-cost solution to lane departure and curve-over-speed warnings. A number of methods and implementations have been reported in the literature. However, reliable detection is still an issue because of cast shadows, worn and occluded markings, variable ambient lighting conditions, for example. We focus on increasing detection reliability in two ways. First, we employed an image feature other than the commonly used edges: ridges, which we claim addresses this problem better. Second, we adapted RANSAC, a generic robust estimation method, to fit a parametric model of a pair of lane lines to the image features, based on both ridgeness and ridge orientation. In addition, the model was fitted for the left and right lane lines simultaneously to enforce a consistent result. Four measures of interest for driver assistance applications were directly computed from the fitted parametric model at each frame: lane width, lane curvature, and vehicle yaw angle and lateral offset with regard the lane medial axis. We qualitatively assessed our method in video sequences captured on several road types and under very different lighting conditions. We also quantitatively assessed it on synthetic but realistic video sequences for which road geometry and vehicle trajectory ground truth are known.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1229-9138 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ LSC2010 Serial 1300  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author M. Altillawi; S. Li; S.M. Prakhya; Z. Liu; Joan Serrat edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Implicit Learning of Scene Geometry From Poses for Global Localization Type Journal Article
  Year 2024 Publication IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters Abbreviated Journal ROBOTAUTOMLET  
  Volume 9 Issue 2 Pages 955-962  
  Keywords (up) Localization; Localization and mapping; Deep learning for visual perception; Visual learning  
  Abstract Global visual localization estimates the absolute pose of a camera using a single image, in a previously mapped area. Obtaining the pose from a single image enables many robotics and augmented/virtual reality applications. Inspired by latest advances in deep learning, many existing approaches directly learn and regress 6 DoF pose from an input image. However, these methods do not fully utilize the underlying scene geometry for pose regression. The challenge in monocular relocalization is the minimal availability of supervised training data, which is just the corresponding 6 DoF poses of the images. In this letter, we propose to utilize these minimal available labels (i.e., poses) to learn the underlying 3D geometry of the scene and use the geometry to estimate the 6 DoF camera pose. We present a learning method that uses these pose labels and rigid alignment to learn two 3D geometric representations ( X, Y, Z coordinates ) of the scene, one in camera coordinate frame and the other in global coordinate frame. Given a single image, it estimates these two 3D scene representations, which are then aligned to estimate a pose that matches the pose label. This formulation allows for the active inclusion of additional learning constraints to minimize 3D alignment errors between the two 3D scene representations, and 2D re-projection errors between the 3D global scene representation and 2D image pixels, resulting in improved localization accuracy. During inference, our model estimates the 3D scene geometry in camera and global frames and aligns them rigidly to obtain pose in real-time. We evaluate our work on three common visual localization datasets, conduct ablation studies, and show that our method exceeds state-of-the-art regression methods' pose accuracy on all datasets.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2377-3766 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Serial 3857  
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Author Angel Sappa; Cristhian A. Aguilera-Carrasco; Juan A. Carvajal Ayala; Miguel Oliveira; Dennis Romero; Boris X. Vintimilla; Ricardo Toledo edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Monocular visual odometry: A cross-spectral image fusion based approach Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Robotics and Autonomous Systems Abbreviated Journal RAS  
  Volume 85 Issue Pages 26-36  
  Keywords (up) Monocular visual odometry; LWIR-RGB cross-spectral imaging; Image fusion  
  Abstract This manuscript evaluates the usage of fused cross-spectral images in a monocular visual odometry approach. Fused images are obtained through a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) scheme, where the best setup is empirically obtained by means of a mutual information based evaluation metric. The objective is to have a flexible scheme where fusion parameters are adapted according to the characteristics of the given images. Visual odometry is computed from the fused monocular images using an off the shelf approach. Experimental results using data sets obtained with two different platforms are presented. Additionally, comparison with a previous approach as well as with monocular-visible/infrared spectra are also provided showing the advantages of the proposed scheme.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier B.V. Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS;600.086; 600.076 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @SAC2016 Serial 2811  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Jaume Amores edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title MILDE: multiple instance learning by discriminative embedding Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Knowledge and Information Systems Abbreviated Journal KAIS  
  Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 381-407  
  Keywords (up) Multi-instance learning; Codebook; Bag of words  
  Abstract While the objective of the standard supervised learning problem is to classify feature vectors, in the multiple instance learning problem, the objective is to classify bags, where each bag contains multiple feature vectors. This represents a generalization of the standard problem, and this generalization becomes necessary in many real applications such as drug activity prediction, content-based image retrieval, and others. While the existing paradigms are based on learning the discriminant information either at the instance level or at the bag level, we propose to incorporate both levels of information. This is done by defining a discriminative embedding of the original space based on the responses of cluster-adapted instance classifiers. Results clearly show the advantage of the proposed method over the state of the art, where we tested the performance through a variety of well-known databases that come from real problems, and we also included an analysis of the performance using synthetically generated data.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer London Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0219-1377 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 601.042; 600.057; 600.076 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Amo2015 Serial 2383  
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Author Jaume Amores edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Multiple Instance Classification: review, taxonomy and comparative study Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Artificial Intelligence Abbreviated Journal AI  
  Volume 201 Issue Pages 81-105  
  Keywords (up) Multi-instance learning; Codebook; Bag-of-Words  
  Abstract Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has become an important topic in the pattern recognition community, and many solutions to this problemhave been proposed until now. Despite this fact, there is a lack of comparative studies that shed light into the characteristics and behavior of the different methods. In this work we provide such an analysis focused on the classification task (i.e.,leaving out other learning tasks such as regression). In order to perform our study, we implemented
fourteen methods grouped into three different families. We analyze the performance of the approaches across a variety of well-known databases, and we also study their behavior in synthetic scenarios in order to highlight their characteristics. As a result of this analysis, we conclude that methods that extract global bag-level information show a clearly superior performance in general. In this sense, the analysis permits us to understand why some types of methods are more successful than others, and it permits us to establish guidelines in the design of new MIL
methods.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd. Essex, UK Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0004-3702 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 601.042; 600.057 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Amo2013 Serial 2273  
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Author Alejandro Gonzalez Alzate; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Jaume Amores edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title On-Board Object Detection: Multicue, Multimodal, and Multiview Random Forest of Local Experts Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication IEEE Transactions on cybernetics Abbreviated Journal Cyber  
  Volume 47 Issue 11 Pages 3980 - 3990  
  Keywords (up) Multicue; multimodal; multiview; object detection  
  Abstract Despite recent significant advances, object detection continues to be an extremely challenging problem in real scenarios. In order to develop a detector that successfully operates under these conditions, it becomes critical to leverage upon multiple cues, multiple imaging modalities, and a strong multiview (MV) classifier that accounts for different object views and poses. In this paper, we provide an extensive evaluation that gives insight into how each of these aspects (multicue, multimodality, and strong MV classifier) affect accuracy both individually and when integrated together. In the multimodality component, we explore the fusion of RGB and depth maps obtained by high-definition light detection and ranging, a type of modality that is starting to receive increasing attention. As our analysis reveals, although all the aforementioned aspects significantly help in improving the accuracy, the fusion of visible spectrum and depth information allows to boost the accuracy by a much larger margin. The resulting detector not only ranks among the top best performers in the challenging KITTI benchmark, but it is built upon very simple blocks that are easy to implement and computationally efficient.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2168-2267 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 600.085; 600.082; 600.076; 600.118 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Serial 2810  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cristhian Aguilera; Fernando Barrera; Felipe Lumbreras; Angel Sappa; Ricardo Toledo edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Multispectral Image Feature Points Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Sensors Abbreviated Journal SENS  
  Volume 12 Issue 9 Pages 12661-12672  
  Keywords (up) multispectral image descriptor; color and infrared images; feature point descriptor  
  Abstract Far-Infrared and Visible Spectrum images. It allows matching interest points on images of the same scene but acquired in different spectral bands. Initially, points of interest are detected on both images through a SIFT-like based scale space representation. Then, these points are characterized using an Edge Oriented Histogram (EOH) descriptor. Finally, points of interest from multispectral images are matched by finding nearest couples using the information from the descriptor. The provided experimental results and comparisons with similar methods show both the validity of the proposed approach as well as the improvements it offers with respect to the current state-of-the-art.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ABL2012 Serial 2154  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Fernando Barrera; Felipe Lumbreras; Angel Sappa edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title Multispectral Piecewise Planar Stereo using Manhattan-World Assumption Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 52-61  
  Keywords (up) Multispectral stereo rig; Dense disparity maps from multispectral stereo; Color and infrared images  
  Abstract This paper proposes a new framework for extracting dense disparity maps from a multispectral stereo rig. The system is constructed with an infrared and a color camera. It is intended to explore novel multispectral stereo matching approaches that will allow further extraction of semantic information. The proposed framework consists of three stages. Firstly, an initial sparse disparity map is generated by using a cost function based on feature matching in a multiresolution scheme. Then, by looking at the color image, a set of planar hypotheses is defined to describe the surfaces on the scene. Finally, the previous stages are combined by reformulating the disparity computation as a global minimization problem. The paper has two main contributions. The first contribution combines mutual information with a shape descriptor based on gradient in a multiresolution scheme. The second contribution, which is based on the Manhattan-world assumption, extracts a dense disparity representation using the graph cut algorithm. Experimental results in outdoor scenarios are provided showing the validity of the proposed framework.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 600.054; 600.055; 605.203 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BLS2013 Serial 2245  
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Author J.S. Cope; P.Remagnino; S.Mannan; Katerine Diaz; Francesc J. Ferri; P.Wilkin edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title Reverse Engineering Expert Visual Observations: From Fixations To The Learning Of Spatial Filters With A Neural-Gas Algorithm Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Expert Systems with Applications Abbreviated Journal EXWA  
  Volume 40 Issue 17 Pages 6707-6712  
  Keywords (up) Neural gas; Expert vision; Eye-tracking; Fixations  
  Abstract Human beings can become experts in performing specific vision tasks, for example, doctors analysing medical images, or botanists studying leaves. With sufficient knowledge and experience, people can become very efficient at such tasks. When attempting to perform these tasks with a machine vision system, it would be highly beneficial to be able to replicate the process which the expert undergoes. Advances in eye-tracking technology can provide data to allow us to discover the manner in which an expert studies an image. This paper presents a first step towards utilizing these data for computer vision purposes. A growing-neural-gas algorithm is used to learn a set of Gabor filters which give high responses to image regions which a human expert fixated on. These filters can then be used to identify regions in other images which are likely to be useful for a given vision task. The algorithm is evaluated by learning filters for locating specific areas of plant leaves.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0957-4174 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CRM2013 Serial 2438  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Mireia Brunat;Steven Jansen; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Structure-preserving smoothing of biomedical images Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR  
  Volume 44 Issue 9 Pages 1842-1851  
  Keywords (up) Non-linear smoothing; Differential geometry; Anatomical structures; segmentation; Cardiac magnetic resonance; Computerized tomography  
  Abstract Smoothing of biomedical images should preserve gray-level transitions between adjacent tissues, while restoring contours consistent with anatomical structures. Anisotropic diffusion operators are based on image appearance discontinuities (either local or contextual) and might fail at weak inter-tissue transitions. Meanwhile, the output of block-wise and morphological operations is prone to present a block structure due to the shape and size of the considered pixel neighborhood. In this contribution, we use differential geometry concepts to define a diffusion operator that restricts to image consistent level-sets. In this manner, the final state is a non-uniform intensity image presenting homogeneous inter-tissue transitions along anatomical structures, while smoothing intra-structure texture. Experiments on different types of medical images (magnetic resonance, computerized tomography) illustrate its benefit on a further process (such as segmentation) of images.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-3203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes IAM; ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number IAM @ iam @ GHB2011 Serial 1526  
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