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Author |
Mohammad Ali Bagheri; Qigang Gao; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Combining Local and Global Learners in the Pairwise Multiclass Classification |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Pattern Analysis and Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
PAA |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
845-860 |
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Keywords |
Multiclass classification; Pairwise approach; One-versus-one |
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Abstract |
Pairwise classification is a well-known class binarization technique that converts a multiclass problem into a number of two-class problems, one problem for each pair of classes. However, in the pairwise technique, nuisance votes of many irrelevant classifiers may result in a wrong class prediction. To overcome this problem, a simple, but efficient method is proposed and evaluated in this paper. The proposed method is based on excluding some classes and focusing on the most probable classes in the neighborhood space, named Local Crossing Off (LCO). This procedure is performed by employing a modified version of standard K-nearest neighbor and large margin nearest neighbor algorithms. The LCO method takes advantage of nearest neighbor classification algorithm because of its local learning behavior as well as the global behavior of powerful binary classifiers to discriminate between two classes. Combining these two properties in the proposed LCO technique will avoid the weaknesses of each method and will increase the efficiency of the whole classification system. On several benchmark datasets of varying size and difficulty, we found that the LCO approach leads to significant improvements using different base learners. The experimental results show that the proposed technique not only achieves better classification accuracy in comparison to other standard approaches, but also is computationally more efficient for tackling classification problems which have a relatively large number of target classes. |
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Springer London |
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1433-7541 |
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HuPBA;MILAB |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ BGE2014 |
Serial |
2441 |
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Author |
Aitor Alvarez-Gila; Joost Van de Weijer; Yaxing Wang; Estibaliz Garrote |
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Title |
MVMO: A Multi-Object Dataset for Wide Baseline Multi-View Semantic Segmentation |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2022 |
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29th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing |
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Keywords |
multi-view; cross-view; semantic segmentation; synthetic dataset |
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We present MVMO (Multi-View, Multi-Object dataset): a synthetic dataset of 116,000 scenes containing randomly placed objects of 10 distinct classes and captured from 25 camera locations in the upper hemisphere. MVMO comprises photorealistic, path-traced image renders, together with semantic segmentation ground truth for every view. Unlike existing multi-view datasets, MVMO features wide baselines between cameras and high density of objects, which lead to large disparities, heavy occlusions and view-dependent object appearance. Single view semantic segmentation is hindered by self and inter-object occlusions that could benefit from additional viewpoints. Therefore, we expect that MVMO will propel research in multi-view semantic segmentation and cross-view semantic transfer. We also provide baselines that show that new research is needed in such fields to exploit the complementary information of multi-view setups 1 . |
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Bordeaux; France; October2022 |
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ICIP |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ AWW2022 |
Serial |
3781 |
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Author |
Jorge Charco; Angel Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla |
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Title |
Human Pose Estimation through a Novel Multi-view Scheme |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
17th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications (VISAPP 2022) |
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Volume |
5 |
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855-862 |
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Keywords |
Multi-view Scheme; Human Pose Estimation; Relative Camera Pose; Monocular Approach |
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Abstract |
This paper presents a multi-view scheme to tackle the challenging problem of the self-occlusion in human pose estimation problem. The proposed approach first obtains the human body joints of a set of images, which are captured from different views at the same time. Then, it enhances the obtained joints by using a
multi-view scheme. Basically, the joints from a given view are used to enhance poorly estimated joints from another view, especially intended to tackle the self occlusions cases. A network architecture initially proposed for the monocular case is adapted to be used in the proposed multi-view scheme. Experimental results and
comparisons with the state-of-the-art approaches on Human3.6m dataset are presented showing improvements in the accuracy of body joints estimations. |
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On line; Feb 6, 2022 – Feb 8, 2022 |
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ISSN |
2184-4321 |
ISBN |
978-989-758-555-5 |
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VISAPP |
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Notes |
MSIAU; 600.160 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ CSV2022 |
Serial |
3689 |
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Author |
Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Hand sign language recognition using multi-view hand skeleton |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Expert Systems With Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
ESWA |
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Volume |
150 |
Issue |
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Pages |
113336 |
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Keywords |
Multi-view hand skeleton; Hand sign language recognition; 3DCNN; Hand pose estimation; RGB video; Hand action recognition |
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Abstract |
Hand sign language recognition from video is a challenging research area in computer vision, which performance is affected by hand occlusion, fast hand movement, illumination changes, or background complexity, just to mention a few. In recent years, deep learning approaches have achieved state-of-the-art results in the field, though previous challenges are not completely solved. In this work, we propose a novel deep learning-based pipeline architecture for efficient automatic hand sign language recognition using Single Shot Detector (SSD), 2D Convolutional Neural Network (2DCNN), 3D Convolutional Neural Network (3DCNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) from RGB input videos. We use a CNN-based model which estimates the 3D hand keypoints from 2D input frames. After that, we connect these estimated keypoints to build the hand skeleton by using midpoint algorithm. In order to obtain a more discriminative representation of hands, we project 3D hand skeleton into three views surface images. We further employ the heatmap image of detected keypoints as input for refinement in a stacked fashion. We apply 3DCNNs on the stacked features of hand, including pixel level, multi-view hand skeleton, and heatmap features, to extract discriminant local spatio-temporal features from these stacked inputs. The outputs of the 3DCNNs are fused and fed to a LSTM to model long-term dynamics of hand sign gestures. Analyzing 2DCNN vs. 3DCNN using different number of stacked inputs into the network, we demonstrate that 3DCNN better capture spatio-temporal dynamics of hands. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this multi-modal and multi-view set of hand skeleton features are applied for hand sign language recognition. Furthermore, we present a new large-scale hand sign language dataset, namely RKS-PERSIANSIGN, including 10′000 RGB videos of 100 Persian sign words. Evaluation results of the proposed model on three datasets, NYU, First-Person, and RKS-PERSIANSIGN, indicate that our model outperforms state-of-the-art models in hand sign language recognition, hand pose estimation, and hand action recognition. |
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Notes |
HuPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ RKE2020a |
Serial |
3411 |
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Author |
Eduardo Aguilar; Marc Bolaños; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Regularized uncertainty-based multi-task learning model for food analysis |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation |
Abbreviated Journal |
JVCIR |
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Volume |
60 |
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Pages |
360-370 |
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Keywords |
Multi-task models; Uncertainty modeling; Convolutional neural networks; Food image analysis; Food recognition; Food group recognition; Ingredients recognition; Cuisine recognition |
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Abstract |
Food plays an important role in several aspects of our daily life. Several computer vision approaches have been proposed for tackling food analysis problems, but very little effort has been done in developing methodologies that could take profit of the existent correlation between tasks. In this paper, we propose a new multi-task model that is able to simultaneously predict different food-related tasks, e.g. dish, cuisine and food categories. Here, we extend the homoscedastic uncertainty modeling to allow single-label and multi-label classification and propose a regularization term, which jointly weighs the tasks as well as their correlations. Furthermore, we propose a new Multi-Attribute Food dataset and a new metric, Multi-Task Accuracy. We prove that using both our uncertainty-based loss and the class regularization term, we are able to improve the coherence of outputs between different tasks. Moreover, we outperform the use of task-specific models on classical measures like accuracy or . |
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Notes |
MILAB; no proj |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ ABR2019 |
Serial |
3298 |
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Author |
Cristhian A. Aguilera-Carrasco |
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Title |
Evaluation of feature detectors and descriptors in VISIBLE-LWIR cross-spectral imaging |
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Report |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
CVC Technical Report |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
177 |
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Keywords |
Multi-spectral; Cross-spectral; Visible-LWIR imaging; Multimodal. |
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Abstract |
This thesis evaluates the performance of different state-of-art feature detectors and descriptors algorithms in the Visible-LWIR cross-spectral scenario. The focus is to determine if current detector and descriptor algorithms can be used to match features between the LWIR spectrum and the visible spectrum in applications such as, visual odometry, object recognition, image registration and stereo vision. An outdoor cross-spectral dataset was created to evaluate the suitability of the different algorithms. The results
show that the tested algorithms are not suitable to the task of matching features across different spectra. The repeatability ratio was smaller than the 30 percent in the best case and in general matched features were not accurate located. Additionally, these results also suggest that is necessary to create new algorithms that take into account the nature of the different spectra, describing characteristics that exist in both spectra such as discontinuities. |
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Master's thesis |
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Notes |
ADAS; 600.076 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @Agu2014 |
Serial |
2526 |
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Author |
Antonio Hernandez; Nadezhda Zlateva; Alexander Marinov; Miguel Reyes; Petia Radeva; Dimo Dimov; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Human Limb Segmentation in Depth Maps based on Spatio-Temporal Graph Cuts Optimization |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments |
Abbreviated Journal |
JAISE |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
535-546 |
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Keywords |
Multi-modal vision processing; Random Forest; Graph-cuts; multi-label segmentation; human body segmentation |
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We present a framework for object segmentation using depth maps based on Random Forest and Graph-cuts theory, and apply it to the segmentation of human limbs. First, from a set of random depth features, Random Forest is used to infer a set of label probabilities for each data sample. This vector of probabilities is used as unary term in α−β swap Graph-cuts algorithm. Moreover, depth values of spatio-temporal neighboring data points are used as boundary potentials. Results on a new multi-label human depth data set show high performance in terms of segmentation overlapping of the novel methodology compared to classical approaches. |
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1876-1364 |
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MILAB;HuPBA |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ HZM2012a |
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2006 |
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Author |
Albert Clapes; Miguel Reyes; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Multi-modal User Identification and Object Recognition Surveillance System |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
PRL |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
799-808 |
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Multi-modal RGB-Depth data analysis; User identification; Object recognition; Intelligent surveillance; Visual features; Statistical learning |
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Abstract |
We propose an automatic surveillance system for user identification and object recognition based on multi-modal RGB-Depth data analysis. We model a RGBD environment learning a pixel-based background Gaussian distribution. Then, user and object candidate regions are detected and recognized using robust statistical approaches. The system robustly recognizes users and updates the system in an online way, identifying and detecting new actors in the scene. Moreover, segmented objects are described, matched, recognized, and updated online using view-point 3D descriptions, being robust to partial occlusions and local 3D viewpoint rotations. Finally, the system saves the historic of user–object assignments, being specially useful for surveillance scenarios. The system has been evaluated on a novel data set containing different indoor/outdoor scenarios, objects, and users, showing accurate recognition and better performance than standard state-of-the-art approaches. |
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Elsevier |
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Notes |
HUPBA; 600.046; 605.203;MILAB |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ CRE2013 |
Serial |
2248 |
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Author |
Miguel Reyes; Albert Clapes; Jose Ramirez; Juan R Revilla; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Automatic Digital Biometry Analysis based on Depth Maps |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Computers in Industry |
Abbreviated Journal |
COMPUTIND |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1316-1325 |
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Keywords |
Multi-modal data fusion; Depth maps; Posture analysis; Anthropometric data; Musculo-skeletal disorders; Gesture analysis |
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Abstract |
World Health Organization estimates that 80% of the world population is affected by back-related disorders during his life. Current practices to analyze musculo-skeletal disorders (MSDs) are expensive, subjective, and invasive. In this work, we propose a tool for static body posture analysis and dynamic range of movement estimation of the skeleton joints based on 3D anthropometric information from multi-modal data. Given a set of keypoints, RGB and depth data are aligned, depth surface is reconstructed, keypoints are matched, and accurate measurements about posture and spinal curvature are computed. Given a set of joints, range of movement measurements is also obtained. Moreover, gesture recognition based on joint movements is performed to look for the correctness in the development of physical exercises. The system shows high precision and reliable measurements, being useful for posture reeducation purposes to prevent MSDs, as well as tracking the posture evolution of patients in rehabilitation treatments. |
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Elsevier |
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Notes |
HuPBA;MILAB |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ RCR2013 |
Serial |
2252 |
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Author |
Alex Pardo; Albert Clapes; Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol |
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Title |
Actions in Context: System for people with Dementia |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
2nd International Workshop on Citizen Sensor Networks (Citisen2013) at the European Conference on Complex Systems |
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3-14 |
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Multi-modal data Fusion; Computer vision; Wearable sensors; Gesture recognition; Dementia |
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Abstract |
In the next forty years, the number of people living with dementia is expected to triple. In the last stages, people affected by this disease become dependent. This hinders the autonomy of the patient and has a huge social impact in time, money and effort. Given this scenario, we propose an ubiquitous system capable of recognizing daily specific actions. The system fuses and synchronizes data obtained from two complementary modalities – ambient and egocentric. The ambient approach consists in a fixed RGB-Depth camera for user and object recognition and user-object interaction, whereas the egocentric point of view is given by a personal area network (PAN) formed by a few wearable sensors and a smartphone, used for gesture recognition. The system processes multi-modal data in real-time, performing paralleled task recognition and modality synchronization, showing high performance recognizing subjects, objects, and interactions, showing its reliability to be applied in real case scenarios. |
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Barcelona; September 2013 |
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Springer International Publishing |
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0302-9743 |
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978-3-319-04177-3 |
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ECCS |
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Notes |
HUPBA;MILAB |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ PCE2013 |
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2354 |
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Author |
Jaume Amores |
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Title |
Multiple Instance Classification: review, taxonomy and comparative study |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Artificial Intelligence |
Abbreviated Journal |
AI |
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Volume |
201 |
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81-105 |
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Multi-instance learning; Codebook; Bag-of-Words |
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Abstract |
Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has become an important topic in the pattern recognition community, and many solutions to this problemhave been proposed until now. Despite this fact, there is a lack of comparative studies that shed light into the characteristics and behavior of the different methods. In this work we provide such an analysis focused on the classification task (i.e.,leaving out other learning tasks such as regression). In order to perform our study, we implemented
fourteen methods grouped into three different families. We analyze the performance of the approaches across a variety of well-known databases, and we also study their behavior in synthetic scenarios in order to highlight their characteristics. As a result of this analysis, we conclude that methods that extract global bag-level information show a clearly superior performance in general. In this sense, the analysis permits us to understand why some types of methods are more successful than others, and it permits us to establish guidelines in the design of new MIL
methods. |
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Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd. Essex, UK |
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0004-3702 |
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Notes |
ADAS; 601.042; 600.057 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Amo2013 |
Serial |
2273 |
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Author |
Jaume Amores |
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Title |
MILDE: multiple instance learning by discriminative embedding |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Knowledge and Information Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
KAIS |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
381-407 |
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Multi-instance learning; Codebook; Bag of words |
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Abstract |
While the objective of the standard supervised learning problem is to classify feature vectors, in the multiple instance learning problem, the objective is to classify bags, where each bag contains multiple feature vectors. This represents a generalization of the standard problem, and this generalization becomes necessary in many real applications such as drug activity prediction, content-based image retrieval, and others. While the existing paradigms are based on learning the discriminant information either at the instance level or at the bag level, we propose to incorporate both levels of information. This is done by defining a discriminative embedding of the original space based on the responses of cluster-adapted instance classifiers. Results clearly show the advantage of the proposed method over the state of the art, where we tested the performance through a variety of well-known databases that come from real problems, and we also included an analysis of the performance using synthetically generated data. |
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Springer London |
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0219-1377 |
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Notes |
ADAS; 601.042; 600.057; 600.076 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Amo2015 |
Serial |
2383 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
L. Calvet; A. Ferrer; M. Gomes; A. Juan; David Masip |
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Title |
Combining Statistical Learning with Metaheuristics for the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Market Segmentation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Computers & Industrial Engineering |
Abbreviated Journal |
CIE |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
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Pages |
93-104 |
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Keywords |
Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem; market segmentation applications; hybrid algorithms; statistical learning |
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Abstract |
In real-life logistics and distribution activities it is usual to face situations in which the distribution of goods has to be made from multiple warehouses or depots to the nal customers. This problem is known as the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP), and it typically includes two sequential and correlated stages: (a) the assignment map of customers to depots, and (b) the corresponding design of the distribution routes. Most of the existing work in the literature has focused on minimizing distance-based distribution costs while satisfying a number of capacity constraints. However, no attention has been given so far to potential variations in demands due to the tness of the customerdepot mapping in the case of heterogeneous depots. In this paper, we consider this realistic version of the problem in which the depots are heterogeneous in terms of their commercial oer and customers show dierent willingness to consume depending on how well the assigned depot ts their preferences. Thus, we assume that dierent customer-depot assignment maps will lead to dierent customer-expenditure levels. As a consequence, market-segmentation strategiesneed to be considered in order to increase sales and total income while accounting for the distribution costs. To solve this extension of the MDVRP, we propose a hybrid approach that combines statistical learning techniques with a metaheuristic framework. First, a set of predictive models is generated from historical data. These statistical models allow estimating the demand of any customer depending on the assigned depot. Then, the estimated expenditure of each customer is included as part of an enriched objective function as a way to better guide the stochastic local search inside the metaheuristic framework. A set of computational experiments contribute to illustrate our approach and how the extended MDVRP considered here diers in terms of the proposed solutions from the traditional one. |
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Publisher |
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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CIE |
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ISSN |
0360-8352 |
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Notes |
OR;MV; |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ CFG2016 |
Serial |
2749 |
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Author |
Miguel Angel Bautista; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Petia Radeva; Jordi Vitria; Oriol Pujol |
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Title |
Minimal Design of Error-Correcting Output Codes |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
PRL |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
693-702 |
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Keywords |
Multi-class classification; Error-correcting output codes; Ensemble of classifiers |
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Abstract |
IF JCR CCIA 1.303 2009 54/103
The classification of large number of object categories is a challenging trend in the pattern recognition field. In literature, this is often addressed using an ensemble of classifiers. In this scope, the Error-correcting output codes framework has demonstrated to be a powerful tool for combining classifiers. However, most state-of-the-art ECOC approaches use a linear or exponential number of classifiers, making the discrimination of a large number of classes unfeasible. In this paper, we explore and propose a minimal design of ECOC in terms of the number of classifiers. Evolutionary computation is used for tuning the parameters of the classifiers and looking for the best minimal ECOC code configuration. The results over several public UCI datasets and different multi-class computer vision problems show that the proposed methodology obtains comparable (even better) results than state-of-the-art ECOC methodologies with far less number of dichotomizers. |
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Elsevier |
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ISSN |
0167-8655 |
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Notes |
MILAB; OR;HuPBA;MV |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ BEB2011a |
Serial |
1800 |
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Author |
Oualid M. Benkarim; Petia Radeva; Laura Igual |
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Title |
Label Consistent Multiclass Discriminative Dictionary Learning for MRI Segmentation |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
8th Conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8563 |
Issue |
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Pages |
138-147 |
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Keywords |
MRI segmentation; sparse representation; discriminative dic- tionary learning; multiclass classication |
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Abstract |
The automatic segmentation of multiple subcortical structures in brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) still remains a challenging task. In this paper, we address this problem using sparse representation and discriminative dictionary learning, which have shown promising results in compression, image denoising and recently in MRI segmentation. Particularly, we use multiclass dictionaries learned from a set of brain atlases to simultaneously segment multiple subcortical structures.
We also impose dictionary atoms to be specialized in one given class using label consistent K-SVD, which can alleviate the bias produced by unbalanced libraries, present when dealing with small structures. The proposed method is compared with other state of the art approaches for the segmentation of the Basal Ganglia of 35 subjects of a public dataset.
The promising results of the segmentation method show the eciency of the multiclass discriminative dictionary learning algorithms in MRI segmentation problems. |
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Palma de Mallorca; July 2014 |
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Springer International Publishing |
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LNCS |
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ISSN |
0302-9743 |
ISBN |
978-3-319-08848-8 |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
AMDO |
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Notes |
MILAB; OR |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ BRI2014 |
Serial |
2494 |
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Permanent link to this record |