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Author (up) Kaustubh Kulkarni; Ciprian Corneanu; Ikechukwu Ofodile; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Sylwia Hyniewska; Juri Allik; Gholamreza Anbarjafari edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Automatic Recognition of Facial Displays of Unfelt Emotions Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing Abbreviated Journal TAC  
  Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 377 - 390  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Humans modify their facial expressions in order to communicate their internal states and sometimes to mislead observers regarding their true emotional states. Evidence in experimental psychology shows that discriminative facial responses are short and subtle. This suggests that such behavior would be easier to distinguish when captured in high resolution at an increased frame rate. We are proposing SASE-FE, the first dataset of facial expressions that are either congruent or incongruent with underlying emotion states. We show that overall the problem of recognizing whether facial movements are expressions of authentic emotions or not can be successfully addressed by learning spatio-temporal representations of the data. For this purpose, we propose a method that aggregates features along fiducial trajectories in a deeply learnt space. Performance of the proposed model shows that on average, it is easier to distinguish among genuine facial expressions of emotion than among unfelt facial expressions of emotion and that certain emotion pairs such as contempt and disgust are more difficult to distinguish than the rest. Furthermore, the proposed methodology improves state of the art results on CK+ and OULU-CASIA datasets for video emotion recognition, and achieves competitive results when classifying facial action units on BP4D datase.  
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  Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ KCO2021 Serial 3658  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (up) Khalid El Asnaoui; Petia Radeva edit  url
openurl 
  Title Automatically Assess Day Similarity Using Visual Lifelogs Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication International Journal of Intelligent Systems Abbreviated Journal IJIS  
  Volume 29 Issue Pages 298–310  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Today, we witness the appearance of many lifelogging cameras that are able to capture the life of a person wearing the camera and which produce a large number of images everyday. Automatically characterizing the experience and extracting patterns of behavior of individuals from this huge collection of unlabeled and unstructured egocentric data present major challenges and require novel and efficient algorithmic solutions. The main goal of this work is to propose a new method to automatically assess day similarity from the lifelogging images of a person. We propose a technique to measure the similarity between images based on the Swain’s distance and generalize it to detect the similarity between daily visual data. To this purpose, we apply the dynamic time warping (DTW) combined with the Swain’s distance for final day similarity estimation. For validation, we apply our technique on the Egocentric Dataset of University of Barcelona (EDUB) of 4912 daily images acquired by four persons with preliminary encouraging results.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes MILAB; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number AsR2020 Serial 3409  
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Author (up) Khanh Nguyen; Ali Furkan Biten; Andres Mafla; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit  url
openurl 
  Title Show, Interpret and Tell: Entity-Aware Contextualised Image Captioning in Wikipedia Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 1940-1948  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Humans exploit prior knowledge to describe images, and are able to adapt their explanation to specific contextual information given, even to the extent of inventing plausible explanations when contextual information and images do not match. In this work, we propose the novel task of captioning Wikipedia images by integrating contextual knowledge. Specifically, we produce models that jointly reason over Wikipedia articles, Wikimedia images and their associated descriptions to produce contextualized captions. The same Wikimedia image can be used to illustrate different articles, and the produced caption needs to be adapted to the specific context allowing us to explore the limits of the model to adjust captions to different contextual information. Dealing with out-of-dictionary words and Named Entities is a challenging task in this domain. To address this, we propose a pre-training objective, Masked Named Entity Modeling (MNEM), and show that this pretext task results to significantly improved models. Furthermore, we verify that a model pre-trained in Wikipedia generalizes well to News Captioning datasets. We further define two different test splits according to the difficulty of the captioning task. We offer insights on the role and the importance of each modality and highlight the limitations of our model.  
  Address Washington; USA; February 2023  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference AAAI  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ NBM2023 Serial 3860  
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Author (up) Klara Janousckova; Jiri Matas; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Text Recognition – Real World Data and Where to Find Them Type Conference Article
  Year 2020 Publication 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 4489-4496  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We present a method for exploiting weakly annotated images to improve text extraction pipelines. The approach uses an arbitrary end-to-end text recognition system to obtain text region proposals and their, possibly erroneous, transcriptions. The method includes matching of imprecise transcriptions to weak annotations and an edit distance guided neighbourhood search. It produces nearly error-free, localised instances of scene text, which we treat as “pseudo ground truth” (PGT). The method is applied to two weakly-annotated datasets. Training with the extracted PGT consistently improves the accuracy of a state of the art recognition model, by 3.7% on average, across different benchmark datasets (image domains) and 24.5% on one of the weakly annotated datasets 1 1 Acknowledgements. The authors were supported by Czech Technical University student grant SGS20/171/0HK3/3TJ13, the MEYS VVV project CZ.02.1.01/0.010.0J16 019/0000765 Research Center for Informatics, the Spanish Research project TIN2017-89779-P and the CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya.  
  Address Virtual; January 2021  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICPR  
  Notes DAG; 600.121; 600.129 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ JMG2020 Serial 3557  
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Author (up) Klaus Broelemann; Anjan Dutta; Xiaoyi Jiang; Josep Llados edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Plausibility-Graphs for Symbol Spotting in Graphical Documents Type Conference Article
  Year 2013 Publication 10th IAPR International Workshop on Graphics Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Graph representation of graphical documents often suffers from noise viz. spurious nodes and spurios edges of graph and their discontinuity etc. In general these errors occur during the low-level image processing viz. binarization, skeletonization, vectorization etc. Hierarchical graph representation is a nice and efficient way to solve this kind of problem by hierarchically merging node-node and node-edge depending on the distance.
But the creation of hierarchical graph representing the graphical information often uses hard thresholds on the distance to create the hierarchical nodes (next state) of the lower nodes (or states) of a graph. As a result the representation often loses useful information. This paper introduces plausibilities to the nodes of hierarchical graph as a function of distance and proposes a modified algorithm for matching subgraphs of the hierarchical
graphs. The plausibility-annotated nodes help to improve the performance of the matching algorithm on two hierarchical structures. To show the potential of this approach, we conduct an experiment with the SESYD dataset.
 
  Address Bethlehem; PA; USA; August 2013  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference GREC  
  Notes DAG; 600.045; 600.056; 600.061; 601.152 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BDJ2013 Serial 2360  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (up) Klaus Broelemann; Anjan Dutta; Xiaoyi Jiang; Josep Llados edit   pdf
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Hierarchical graph representation for symbol spotting in graphical document images Type Conference Article
  Year 2012 Publication Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition, Joint IAPR International Workshop Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7626 Issue Pages 529-538  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Symbol spotting can be defined as locating given query symbol in a large collection of graphical documents. In this paper we present a hierarchical graph representation for symbols. This representation allows graph matching methods to deal with low-level vectorization errors and, thus, to perform a robust symbol spotting. To show the potential of this approach, we conduct an experiment with the SESYD dataset.  
  Address Miyajima-Itsukushima, Hiroshima  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-34165-6 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference SSPR&SPR  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BDJ2012 Serial 2126  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (up) Klaus Broelemann; Anjan Dutta; Xiaoyi Jiang; Josep Llados edit   pdf
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Hierarchical Plausibility-Graphs for Symbol Spotting in Graphical Documents Type Book Chapter
  Year 2014 Publication Graphics Recognition. Current Trends and Challenges Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 8746 Issue Pages 25-37  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Graph representation of graphical documents often suffers from noise such as spurious nodes and edges, and their discontinuity. In general these errors occur during the low-level image processing viz. binarization, skeletonization, vectorization etc. Hierarchical graph representation is a nice and efficient way to solve this kind of problem by hierarchically merging node-node and node-edge depending on the distance. But the creation of hierarchical graph representing the graphical information often uses hard thresholds on the distance to create the hierarchical nodes (next state) of the lower nodes (or states) of a graph. As a result, the representation often loses useful information. This paper introduces plausibilities to the nodes of hierarchical graph as a function of distance and proposes a modified algorithm for matching subgraphs of the hierarchical graphs. The plausibility-annotated nodes help to improve the performance of the matching algorithm on two hierarchical structures. To show the potential of this approach, we conduct an experiment with the SESYD dataset.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor Bart Lamiroy; Jean-Marc Ogier  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-662-44853-3 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.045; 600.056; 600.061; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BDJ2014 Serial 2699  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (up) Koen E.A. van de Sande; Jasper Uilings; Theo Gevers; Arnold Smeulders edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Segmentation as Selective Search for Object Recognition Type Conference Article
  Year 2011 Publication 13th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1879-1886  
  Keywords  
  Abstract For object recognition, the current state-of-the-art is based on exhaustive search. However, to enable the use of more expensive features and classifiers and thereby progress beyond the state-of-the-art, a selective search strategy is needed. Therefore, we adapt segmentation as a selective search by reconsidering segmentation: We propose to generate many approximate locations over few and precise object delineations because (1) an object whose location is never generated can not be recognised and (2) appearance and immediate nearby context are most effective for object recognition. Our method is class-independent and is shown to cover 96.7% of all objects in the Pascal VOC 2007 test set using only 1,536 locations per image. Our selective search enables the use of the more expensive bag-of-words method which we use to substantially improve the state-of-the-art by up to 8.5% for 8 out of 20 classes on the Pascal VOC 2010 detection challenge.  
  Address Barcelona  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1550-5499 ISBN 978-1-4577-1101-5 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICCV  
  Notes ISE Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SUG2011 Serial 1780  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (up) Koen E.A. van de Sande; Theo Gevers; Cees G.M. Snoek edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Empowering Visual Categorization with the GPU Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication IEEE Transactions on Multimedia Abbreviated Journal TMM  
  Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 60-70  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Visual categorization is important to manage large collections of digital images and video, where textual meta-data is often incomplete or simply unavailable. The bag-of-words model has become the most powerful method for visual categorization of images and video. Despite its high accuracy, a severe drawback of this model is its high computational cost. As the trend to increase computational power in newer CPU and GPU architectures is to increase their level of parallelism, exploiting this parallelism becomes an important direction to handle the computational cost of the bag-of-words approach. When optimizing a system based on the bag-of-words approach, the goal is to minimize the time it takes to process batches of images. Additionally, we also consider power usage as an evaluation metric. In this paper, we analyze the bag-of-words model for visual categorization in terms of computational cost and identify two major bottlenecks: the quantization step and the classification step. We address these two bottlenecks by proposing two efficient algorithms for quantization and classification by exploiting the GPU hardware and the CUDA parallel programming model. The algorithms are designed to (1) keep categorization accuracy intact, (2) decompose the problem and (3) give the same numerical results. In the experiments on large scale datasets it is shown that, by using a parallel implementation on the Geforce GTX260 GPU, classifying unseen images is 4.8 times faster than a quad-core CPU version on the Core i7 920, while giving the exact same numerical results. In addition, we show how the algorithms can be generalized to other applications, such as text retrieval and video retrieval. Moreover, when the obtained speedup is used to process extra video frames in a video retrieval benchmark, the accuracy of visual categorization is improved by 29%.  
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  Notes ISE Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SGS2011b Serial 1729  
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Author (up) Konstantia Georgouli; Katerine Diaz; Jesus Martinez del Rincon; Anastasios Koidis edit  openurl
  Title Building generic, easily-updatable chemometric models with harmonisation and augmentation features: The case of FTIR vegetable oils classification Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication 3rd Ιnternational Conference Metrology Promoting Standardization and Harmonization in Food and Nutrition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Address Thessaloniki; Greece; October 2017  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference IMEKOFOODS  
  Notes ADAS; 600.118 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GDM2017 Serial 3081  
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Author (up) Kunal Biswas; Palaiahnakote Shivakumara; Umapada Pal; Tong Lu; Michel Blumenstein; Josep Llados edit  url
openurl 
  Title Classification of aesthetic natural scene images using statistical and semantic features Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Multimedia Tools and Applications Abbreviated Journal MTAP  
  Volume 82 Issue 9 Pages 13507-13532  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Aesthetic image analysis is essential for improving the performance of multimedia image retrieval systems, especially from a repository of social media and multimedia content stored on mobile devices. This paper presents a novel method for classifying aesthetic natural scene images by studying the naturalness of image content using statistical features, and reading text in the images using semantic features. Unlike existing methods that focus only on image quality with human information, the proposed approach focuses on image features as well as text-based semantic features without human intervention to reduce the gap between subjectivity and objectivity in the classification. The aesthetic classes considered in this work are (i) Very Pleasant, (ii) Pleasant, (iii) Normal and (iv) Unpleasant. The naturalness is represented by features of focus, defocus, perceived brightness, perceived contrast, blurriness and noisiness, while semantics are represented by text recognition, description of the images and labels of images, profile pictures, and banner images. Furthermore, a deep learning model is proposed in a novel way to fuse statistical and semantic features for the classification of aesthetic natural scene images. Experiments on our own dataset and the standard datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves 92.74%, 88.67% and 83.22% average classification rates on our own dataset, AVA dataset and CUHKPQ dataset, respectively. Furthermore, a comparative study of the proposed model with the existing methods shows that the proposed method is effective for the classification of aesthetic social media images.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BSP2023 Serial 3873  
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Author (up) L. Calvet; A. Ferrer; M. Gomes; A. Juan; David Masip edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Combining Statistical Learning with Metaheuristics for the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Market Segmentation Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Computers & Industrial Engineering Abbreviated Journal CIE  
  Volume 94 Issue Pages 93-104  
  Keywords Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem; market segmentation applications; hybrid algorithms; statistical learning  
  Abstract In real-life logistics and distribution activities it is usual to face situations in which the distribution of goods has to be made from multiple warehouses or depots to the nal customers. This problem is known as the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP), and it typically includes two sequential and correlated stages: (a) the assignment map of customers to depots, and (b) the corresponding design of the distribution routes. Most of the existing work in the literature has focused on minimizing distance-based distribution costs while satisfying a number of capacity constraints. However, no attention has been given so far to potential variations in demands due to the tness of the customerdepot mapping in the case of heterogeneous depots. In this paper, we consider this realistic version of the problem in which the depots are heterogeneous in terms of their commercial o er and customers show di erent willingness to consume depending on how well the assigned depot ts their preferences. Thus, we assume that di erent customer-depot assignment maps will lead to di erent customer-expenditure levels. As a consequence, market-segmentation strategiesneed to be considered in order to increase sales and total income while accounting for the distribution costs. To solve this extension of the MDVRP, we propose a hybrid approach that combines statistical learning techniques with a metaheuristic framework. First, a set of predictive models is generated from historical data. These statistical models allow estimating the demand of any customer depending on the assigned depot. Then, the estimated expenditure of each customer is included as part of an enriched objective function as a way to better guide the stochastic local search inside the metaheuristic framework. A set of computational experiments contribute to illustrate our approach and how the extended MDVRP considered here di ers in terms of the proposed solutions from the traditional one.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title CIE  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0360-8352 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes OR;MV; Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CFG2016 Serial 2749  
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Author (up) L. Rothacker; Marçal Rusiñol; G.A. Fink edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Bag-of-Features HMMs for segmentation-free word spotting in handwritten documents Type Conference Article
  Year 2013 Publication 12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1305 - 1309  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Recent HMM-based approaches to handwritten word spotting require large amounts of learning samples and mostly rely on a prior segmentation of the document. We propose to use Bag-of-Features HMMs in a patch-based segmentation-free framework that are estimated by a single sample. Bag-of-Features HMMs use statistics of local image feature representatives. Therefore they can be considered as a variant of discrete HMMs allowing to model the observation of a number of features at a point in time. The discrete nature enables us to estimate a query model with only a single example of the query provided by the user. This makes our method very flexible with respect to the availability of training data. Furthermore, we are able to outperform state-of-the-art results on the George Washington dataset.  
  Address Washington; USA; August 2013  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1520-5363 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICDAR  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RRF2013 Serial 2344  
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Author (up) L. Rothacker; Marçal Rusiñol; Josep Llados; G.A. Fink edit  url
openurl 
  Title A Two-stage Approach to Segmentation-Free Query-by-example Word Spotting Type Journal
  Year 2014 Publication Manuscript Cultures Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7 Issue Pages 47-58  
  Keywords  
  Abstract With the ongoing progress in digitization, huge document collections and archives have become available to a broad audience. Scanned document images can be transmitted electronically and studied simultaneously throughout the world. While this is very beneficial, it is often impossible to perform automated searches on these document collections. Optical character recognition usually fails when it comes to handwritten or historic documents. In order to address the need for exploring document collections rapidly, researchers are working on word spotting. In query-by-example word spotting scenarios, the user selects an exemplary occurrence of the query word in a document image. The word spotting system then retrieves all regions in the collection that are visually similar to the given example of the query word. The best matching regions are presented to the user and no actual transcription is required.
An important property of a word spotting system is the computational speed with which queries can be executed. In our previous work, we presented a relatively slow but high-precision method. In the present work, we will extend this baseline system to an integrated two-stage approach. In a coarse-grained first stage, we will filter document images efficiently in order to identify regions that are likely to contain the query word. In the fine-grained second stage, these regions will be analyzed with our previously presented high-precision method. Finally, we will report recognition results and query times for the well-known George Washington
benchmark in our evaluation. We achieve state-of-the-art recognition results while the query times can be reduced to 50% in comparison with our baseline.
 
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  Notes DAG; 600.061; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Serial 3190  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (up) L.Tarazon; D. Perez; N. Serrano; V. Alabau; Oriol Ramos Terrades; A. Sanchis; A. Juan edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Confidence Measures for Error Correction in Interactive Transcription of Handwritten Text Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 5716 Issue Pages 567-574  
  Keywords  
  Abstract An effective approach to transcribe old text documents is to follow an interactive-predictive paradigm in which both, the system is guided by the human supervisor, and the supervisor is assisted by the system to complete the transcription task as efficiently as possible. In this paper, we focus on a particular system prototype called GIDOC, which can be seen as a first attempt to provide user-friendly, integrated support for interactive-predictive page layout analysis, text line detection and handwritten text transcription. More specifically, we focus on the handwriting recognition part of GIDOC, for which we propose the use of confidence measures to guide the human supervisor in locating possible system errors and deciding how to proceed. Empirical results are reported on two datasets showing that a word error rate not larger than a 10% can be achieved by only checking the 32% of words that are recognised with less confidence.  
  Address Vietri sul Mare, Italy  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-04145-7 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICIAP  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TPS2009 Serial 1871  
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