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Chuanming Tang; Kai Wang; Joost van de Weijer; Jianlin Zhang; Yongmei Huang |
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Title |
Exploiting Image-Related Inductive Biases in Single-Branch Visual Tracking |
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Miscellaneous |
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2023 |
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Arxiv |
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Despite achieving state-of-the-art performance in visual tracking, recent single-branch trackers tend to overlook the weak prior assumptions associated with the Vision Transformer (ViT) encoder and inference pipeline. Moreover, the effectiveness of discriminative trackers remains constrained due to the adoption of the dual-branch pipeline. To tackle the inferior effectiveness of the vanilla ViT, we propose an Adaptive ViT Model Prediction tracker (AViTMP) to bridge the gap between single-branch network and discriminative models. Specifically, in the proposed encoder AViT-Enc, we introduce an adaptor module and joint target state embedding to enrich the dense embedding paradigm based on ViT. Then, we combine AViT-Enc with a dense-fusion decoder and a discriminative target model to predict accurate location. Further, to mitigate the limitations of conventional inference practice, we present a novel inference pipeline called CycleTrack, which bolsters the tracking robustness in the presence of distractors via bidirectional cycle tracking verification. Lastly, we propose a dual-frame update inference strategy that adeptively handles significant challenges in long-term scenarios. In the experiments, we evaluate AViTMP on ten tracking benchmarks for a comprehensive assessment, including LaSOT, LaSOTExtSub, AVisT, etc. The experimental results unequivocally establish that AViTMP attains state-of-the-art performance, especially on long-time tracking and robustness. |
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LAMP |
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Admin @ si @ TWW2023 |
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3978 |
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Alejandro Gonzalez Alzate; Zhijie Fang; Yainuvis Socarras; Joan Serrat; David Vazquez; Jiaolong Xu; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Pedestrian Detection at Day/Night Time with Visible and FIR Cameras: A Comparison |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Sensors |
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SENS |
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16 |
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6 |
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820 |
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Pedestrian Detection; FIR |
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Despite all the significant advances in pedestrian detection brought by computer vision for driving assistance, it is still a challenging problem. One reason is the extremely varying lighting conditions under which such a detector should operate, namely day and night time. Recent research has shown that the combination of visible and non-visible imaging modalities may increase detection accuracy, where the infrared spectrum plays a critical role. The goal of this paper is to assess the accuracy gain of different pedestrian models (holistic, part-based, patch-based) when training with images in the far infrared spectrum. Specifically, we want to compare detection accuracy on test images recorded at day and nighttime if trained (and tested) using (a) plain color images, (b) just infrared images and (c) both of them. In order to obtain results for the last item we propose an early fusion approach to combine features from both modalities. We base the evaluation on a new dataset we have built for this purpose as well as on the publicly available KAIST multispectral dataset. |
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1424-8220 |
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ADAS; 600.085; 600.076; 600.082; 601.281 |
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ADAS @ adas @ GFS2016 |
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2754 |
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Anjan Dutta; Pau Riba; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes |
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Title |
Hierarchical Stochastic Graphlet Embedding for Graph-based Pattern Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Neural Computing and Applications |
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NEUCOMA |
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32 |
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11579–11596 |
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Despite being very successful within the pattern recognition and machine learning community, graph-based methods are often unusable because of the lack of mathematical operations defined in graph domain. Graph embedding, which maps graphs to a vectorial space, has been proposed as a way to tackle these difficulties enabling the use of standard machine learning techniques. However, it is well known that graph embedding functions usually suffer from the loss of structural information. In this paper, we consider the hierarchical structure of a graph as a way to mitigate this loss of information. The hierarchical structure is constructed by topologically clustering the graph nodes and considering each cluster as a node in the upper hierarchical level. Once this hierarchical structure is constructed, we consider several configurations to define the mapping into a vector space given a classical graph embedding, in particular, we propose to make use of the stochastic graphlet embedding (SGE). Broadly speaking, SGE produces a distribution of uniformly sampled low-to-high-order graphlets as a way to embed graphs into the vector space. In what follows, the coarse-to-fine structure of a graph hierarchy and the statistics fetched by the SGE complements each other and includes important structural information with varied contexts. Altogether, these two techniques substantially cope with the usual information loss involved in graph embedding techniques, obtaining a more robust graph representation. This fact has been corroborated through a detailed experimental evaluation on various benchmark graph datasets, where we outperform the state-of-the-art methods. |
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DAG; 600.140; 600.121; 600.141 |
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Admin @ si @ DRL2020 |
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3348 |
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Arnau Baro; Alicia Fornes; Carles Badal |
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Title |
Handwritten Historical Music Recognition by Sequence-to-Sequence with Attention Mechanism |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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17th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition |
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Despite decades of research in Optical Music Recognition (OMR), the recognition of old handwritten music scores remains a challenge because of the variabilities in the handwriting styles, paper degradation, lack of standard notation, etc. Therefore, the research in OMR systems adapted to the particularities of old manuscripts is crucial to accelerate the conversion of music scores existing in archives into digital libraries, fostering the dissemination and preservation of our music heritage. In this paper we explore the adaptation of sequence-to-sequence models with attention mechanism (used in translation and handwritten text recognition) and the generation of specific synthetic data for recognizing old music scores. The experimental validation demonstrates that our approach is promising, especially when compared with long short-term memory neural networks. |
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Virtual ICFHR; September 2020 |
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ICFHR |
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DAG; 600.140; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ BFB2020 |
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3448 |
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Arnau Baro; Carles Badal; Pau Torras; Alicia Fornes |
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Title |
Handwritten Historical Music Recognition through Sequence-to-Sequence with Attention Mechanism |
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Conference Article |
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2022 |
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3rd International Workshop on Reading Music Systems (WoRMS2021) |
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55-59 |
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Optical Music Recognition; Digits; Image Classification |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Despite decades of research in Optical Music Recognition (OMR), the recognition of old handwritten music scores remains a challenge because of the variabilities in the handwriting styles, paper degradation, lack of standard notation, etc. Therefore, the research in OMR systems adapted to the particularities of old manuscripts is crucial to accelerate the conversion of music scores existing in archives into digital libraries, fostering the dissemination and preservation of our music heritage. In this paper we explore the adaptation of sequence-to-sequence models with attention mechanism (used in translation and handwritten text recognition) and the generation of specific synthetic data for recognizing old music scores. The experimental validation demonstrates that our approach is promising, especially when compared with long short-term memory neural networks. |
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July 23, 2021, Alicante (Spain) |
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WoRMS |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230; 600.140 |
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Admin @ si @ BBT2022 |
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3734 |
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Author |
Wenjuan Gong; Zhang Yue; Wei Wang; Cheng Peng; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Meta-MMFNet: Meta-Learning Based Multi-Model Fusion Network for Micro-Expression Recognition |
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2022 |
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ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications |
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ACMTMC |
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Feature Fusion; Model Fusion; Meta-Learning; Micro-Expression Recognition |
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Despite its wide applications in criminal investigations and clinical communications with patients suffering from autism, automatic micro-expression recognition remains a challenging problem because of the lack of training data and imbalanced classes problems. In this study, we proposed a meta-learning based multi-model fusion network (Meta-MMFNet) to solve the existing problems. The proposed method is based on the metric-based meta-learning pipeline, which is specifically designed for few-shot learning and is suitable for model-level fusion. The frame difference and optical flow features were fused, deep features were extracted from the fused feature, and finally in the meta-learning-based framework, weighted sum model fusion method was applied for micro-expression classification. Meta-MMFNet achieved better results than state-of-the-art methods on four datasets. The code is available at https://github.com/wenjgong/meta-fusion-based-method. |
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May 2022 |
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ISE; 600.157 |
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Admin @ si @ GYW2022 |
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3692 |
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Wenjuan Gong; Yue Zhang; Wei Wang; Peng Cheng; Jordi Gonzalez |
![goto web page url](img/www.gif)
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Title |
Meta-MMFNet: Meta-learning-based Multi-model Fusion Network for Micro-expression Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2023 |
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ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications |
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TMCCA |
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20 |
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2 |
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1–20 |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Despite its wide applications in criminal investigations and clinical communications with patients suffering from autism, automatic micro-expression recognition remains a challenging problem because of the lack of training data and imbalanced classes problems. In this study, we proposed a meta-learning-based multi-model fusion network (Meta-MMFNet) to solve the existing problems. The proposed method is based on the metric-based meta-learning pipeline, which is specifically designed for few-shot learning and is suitable for model-level fusion. The frame difference and optical flow features were fused, deep features were extracted from the fused feature, and finally in the meta-learning-based framework, weighted sum model fusion method was applied for micro-expression classification. Meta-MMFNet achieved better results than state-of-the-art methods on four datasets. The code is available at https://github.com/wenjgong/meta-fusion-based-method. |
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Admin @ si @ GZW2023 |
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3862 |
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Author |
Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
End-to-end Global to Local CNN Learning for Hand Pose Recovery in Depth data |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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IET Computer Vision |
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IETCV |
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16 |
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1 |
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50-66 |
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Computer vision; data acquisition; human computer interaction; learning (artificial intelligence); pose estimation |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Despite recent advances in 3D pose estimation of human hands, especially thanks to the advent of CNNs and depth cameras, this task is still far from being solved. This is mainly due to the highly non-linear dynamics of fingers, which make hand model training a challenging task. In this paper, we exploit a novel hierarchical tree-like structured CNN, in which branches are trained to become specialized in predefined subsets of hand joints, called local poses. We further fuse local pose features, extracted from hierarchical CNN branches, to learn higher order dependencies among joints in the final pose by end-to-end training. Lastly, the loss function used is also defined to incorporate appearance and physical constraints about doable hand motion and deformation. Finally, we introduce a non-rigid data augmentation approach to increase the amount of training depth data. Experimental results suggest that feeding a tree-shaped CNN, specialized in local poses, into a fusion network for modeling joints correlations and dependencies, helps to increase the precision of final estimations, outperforming state-of-the-art results on NYU and SyntheticHand datasets. |
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HUPBA; ISE; 600.098; 600.119 |
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Admin @ si @ MEB2022 |
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3652 |
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Giuseppe De Gregorio; Sanket Biswas; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Asma Bensalah; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes; Angelo Marcelli |
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Title |
A Few Shot Multi-representation Approach for N-Gram Spotting in Historical Manuscripts |
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Conference Article |
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2022 |
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Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition. International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR2022) |
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13639 |
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3-12 |
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N-gram spotting; Few-shot learning; Multimodal understanding; Historical handwritten collections |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Despite recent advances in automatic text recognition, the performance remains moderate when it comes to historical manuscripts. This is mainly because of the scarcity of available labelled data to train the data-hungry Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) models. The Keyword Spotting System (KWS) provides a valid alternative to HTR due to the reduction in error rate, but it is usually limited to a closed reference vocabulary. In this paper, we propose a few-shot learning paradigm for spotting sequences of a few characters (N-gram) that requires a small amount of labelled training data. We exhibit that recognition of important n-grams could reduce the system’s dependency on vocabulary. In this case, an out-of-vocabulary (OOV) word in an input handwritten line image could be a sequence of n-grams that belong to the lexicon. An extensive experimental evaluation of our proposed multi-representation approach was carried out on a subset of Bentham’s historical manuscript collections to obtain some really promising results in this direction. |
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December 04 – 07, 2022; Hyderabad, India |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230; 600.140 |
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Admin @ si @ GBS2022 |
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3733 |
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Alejandro Gonzalez Alzate; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Jaume Amores |
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On-Board Object Detection: Multicue, Multimodal, and Multiview Random Forest of Local Experts |
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2017 |
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IEEE Transactions on cybernetics |
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Cyber |
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47 |
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11 |
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3980 - 3990 |
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Multicue; multimodal; multiview; object detection |
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Despite recent significant advances, object detection continues to be an extremely challenging problem in real scenarios. In order to develop a detector that successfully operates under these conditions, it becomes critical to leverage upon multiple cues, multiple imaging modalities, and a strong multiview (MV) classifier that accounts for different object views and poses. In this paper, we provide an extensive evaluation that gives insight into how each of these aspects (multicue, multimodality, and strong MV classifier) affect accuracy both individually and when integrated together. In the multimodality component, we explore the fusion of RGB and depth maps obtained by high-definition light detection and ranging, a type of modality that is starting to receive increasing attention. As our analysis reveals, although all the aforementioned aspects significantly help in improving the accuracy, the fusion of visible spectrum and depth information allows to boost the accuracy by a much larger margin. The resulting detector not only ranks among the top best performers in the challenging KITTI benchmark, but it is built upon very simple blocks that are easy to implement and computationally efficient. |
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2168-2267 |
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ADAS; 600.085; 600.082; 600.076; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ |
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2810 |
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Alejandro Gonzalez Alzate; Gabriel Villalonga; Jiaolong Xu; David Vazquez; Jaume Amores; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Multiview Random Forest of Local Experts Combining RGB and LIDAR data for Pedestrian Detection |
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2015 |
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IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium IV2015 |
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356-361 |
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Pedestrian Detection |
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Despite recent significant advances, pedestrian detection continues to be an extremely challenging problem in real scenarios. In order to develop a detector that successfully operates under these conditions, it becomes critical to leverage upon multiple cues, multiple imaging modalities and a strong multi-view classifier that accounts for different pedestrian views and poses. In this paper we provide an extensive evaluation that gives insight into how each of these aspects (multi-cue, multimodality and strong multi-view classifier) affect performance both individually and when integrated together. In the multimodality component we explore the fusion of RGB and depth maps obtained by high-definition LIDAR, a type of modality that is only recently starting to receive attention. As our analysis reveals, although all the aforementioned aspects significantly help in improving the performance, the fusion of visible spectrum and depth information allows to boost the accuracy by a much larger margin. The resulting detector not only ranks among the top best performers in the challenging KITTI benchmark, but it is built upon very simple blocks that are easy to implement and computationally efficient. These simple blocks can be easily replaced with more sophisticated ones recently proposed, such as the use of convolutional neural networks for feature representation, to further improve the accuracy. |
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Seoul; Corea; June 2015 |
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IV |
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ADAS; 600.076; 600.057; 600.054 |
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ADAS @ adas @ GVX2015 |
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2625 |
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Author |
Debora Gil; Oriol Rodriguez-Leor; Petia Radeva; J. Mauri |
![download PDF file pdf](img/file_PDF.gif)
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Title |
Myocardial Perfusion Characterization From Contrast Angiography Spectral Distribution |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging |
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27 |
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5 |
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641-649 |
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Contrast angiography; myocardial perfusion; spectral analysis. |
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Despite recovering a normal coronary flow after acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention does not guarantee a proper perfusion (irrigation) of the infarcted area. This damage in microcirculation integrity may detrimentally affect the patient survival. Visual assessment of the myocardium opacification in contrast angiography serves to define a subjective score of the microcirculation integrity myocardial blush analysis (MBA). Although MBA correlates with patient prognosis its visual assessment is a very difficult task that requires of a highly expertise training in order to achieve a good intraobserver and interobserver agreement. In this paper, we provide objective descriptors of the myocardium staining pattern by analyzing the spectrum of the image local statistics. The descriptors proposed discriminate among the different phenomena observed in the angiographic sequence and allow defining an objective score of the myocardial perfusion. |
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IAM;MILAB |
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IAM @ iam @ GRR2008 |
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1541 |
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Author |
Sanket Biswas; Pau Riba; Josep Llados; Umapada Pal |
![download PDF file pdf](img/file_PDF.gif)
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Title |
DocSynth: A Layout Guided Approach for Controllable Document Image Synthesis |
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Conference Article |
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2021 |
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16th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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12823 |
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555–568 |
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Despite significant progress on current state-of-the-art image generation models, synthesis of document images containing multiple and complex object layouts is a challenging task. This paper presents a novel approach, called DocSynth, to automatically synthesize document images based on a given layout. In this work, given a spatial layout (bounding boxes with object categories) as a reference by the user, our proposed DocSynth model learns to generate a set of realistic document images consistent with the defined layout. Also, this framework has been adapted to this work as a superior baseline model for creating synthetic document image datasets for augmenting real data during training for document layout analysis tasks. Different sets of learning objectives have been also used to improve the model performance. Quantitatively, we also compare the generated results of our model with real data using standard evaluation metrics. The results highlight that our model can successfully generate realistic and diverse document images with multiple objects. We also present a comprehensive qualitative analysis summary of the different scopes of synthetic image generation tasks. Lastly, to our knowledge this is the first work of its kind. |
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Lausanne; Suissa; September 2021 |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.140; 110.312 |
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Admin @ si @ BRL2021a |
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3573 |
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Author |
Onur Ferhat; Fernando Vilariño |
![download PDF file pdf](img/file_PDF.gif)
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Title |
Low Cost Eye Tracking: The Current Panorama |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience |
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CIN |
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Article ID 8680541 |
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Despite the availability of accurate, commercial gaze tracker devices working with infrared (IR) technology, visible light gaze tracking constitutes an interesting alternative by allowing scalability and removing hardware requirements. Over the last years, this field has seen examples of research showing performance comparable to the IR alternatives. In this work, we survey the previous work on remote, visible light gaze trackers and analyze the explored techniques from various perspectives such as calibration strategies, head pose invariance, and gaze estimation techniques. We also provide information on related aspects of research such as public datasets to test against, open source projects to build upon, and gaze tracking services to directly use in applications. With all this information, we aim to provide the contemporary and future researchers with a map detailing previously explored ideas and the required tools. |
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MV; 605.103; 600.047; 600.097;SIAI |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ FeV2016 |
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2744 |
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Author |
Albert Gordo |
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Title |
Document Image Representation, Classification and Retrieval in Large-Scale Domains |
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Book Whole |
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2013 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Despite the “paperless office” ideal that started in the decade of the seventies, businesses still strive against an increasing amount of paper documentation. Companies still receive huge amounts of paper documentation that need to be analyzed and processed, mostly in a manual way. A solution for this task consists in, first, automatically scanning the incoming documents. Then, document images can be analyzed and information can be extracted from the data. Documents can also be automatically dispatched to the appropriate workflows, used to retrieve similar documents in the dataset to transfer information, etc.
Due to the nature of this “digital mailroom”, we need document representation methods to be general, i.e., able to cope with very different types of documents. We need the methods to be sound, i.e., able to cope with unexpected types of documents, noise, etc. And, we need to methods to be scalable, i.e., able to cope with thousands or millions of documents that need to be processed, stored, and consulted. Unfortunately, current techniques of document representation, classification and retrieval are not apt for this digital mailroom framework, since they do not fulfill some or all of these requirements.
Through this thesis we focus on the problem of document representation aimed at classification and retrieval tasks under this digital mailroom framework. We first propose a novel document representation based on runlength histograms, and extend it to cope with more complex documents such as multiple-page documents, or documents that contain more sources of information such as extracted OCR text. Then we focus on the scalability requirements and propose a novel binarization method which we dubbed PCAE, as well as two general asymmetric distances between binary embeddings that can significantly improve the retrieval results at a minimal extra computational cost. Finally, we note the importance of supervised learning when performing large-scale retrieval, and study several approaches that can significantly boost the results at no extra cost at query time. |
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Barcelona |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Ernest Valveny;Florent Perronnin |
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DAG |
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Admin @ si @ Gor2013 |
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2277 |
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