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Author Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Mireia Brunat;Steven Jansen; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Structure-preserving smoothing of biomedical images Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR  
  Volume 44 Issue 9 Pages 1842-1851  
  Keywords Non-linear smoothing; Differential geometry; Anatomical structures; segmentation; Cardiac magnetic resonance; Computerized tomography  
  Abstract Smoothing of biomedical images should preserve gray-level transitions between adjacent tissues, while restoring contours consistent with anatomical structures. Anisotropic diffusion operators are based on image appearance discontinuities (either local or contextual) and might fail at weak inter-tissue transitions. Meanwhile, the output of block-wise and morphological operations is prone to present a block structure due to the shape and size of the considered pixel neighborhood. In this contribution, we use differential geometry concepts to define a diffusion operator that restricts to image consistent level-sets. In this manner, the final state is a non-uniform intensity image presenting homogeneous inter-tissue transitions along anatomical structures, while smoothing intra-structure texture. Experiments on different types of medical images (magnetic resonance, computerized tomography) illustrate its benefit on a further process (such as segmentation) of images.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0031-3203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes IAM; ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number IAM @ iam @ GHB2011 Serial 1526  
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Author Oscar Argudo; Marc Comino; Antonio Chica; Carlos Andujar; Felipe Lumbreras edit  url
openurl 
  Title Segmentation of aerial images for plausible detail synthesis Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Computers & Graphics Abbreviated Journal CG  
  Volume 71 Issue Pages 23-34  
  Keywords Terrain editing; Detail synthesis; Vegetation synthesis; Terrain rendering; Image segmentation  
  Abstract The visual enrichment of digital terrain models with plausible synthetic detail requires the segmentation of aerial images into a suitable collection of categories. In this paper we present a complete pipeline for segmenting high-resolution aerial images into a user-defined set of categories distinguishing e.g. terrain, sand, snow, water, and different types of vegetation. This segmentation-for-synthesis problem implies that per-pixel categories must be established according to the algorithms chosen for rendering the synthetic detail. This precludes the definition of a universal set of labels and hinders the construction of large training sets. Since artists might choose to add new categories on the fly, the whole pipeline must be robust against unbalanced datasets, and fast on both training and inference. Under these constraints, we analyze the contribution of common per-pixel descriptors, and compare the performance of state-of-the-art supervised learning algorithms. We report the findings of two user studies. The first one was conducted to analyze human accuracy when manually labeling aerial images. The second user study compares detailed terrains built using different segmentation strategies, including official land cover maps. These studies demonstrate that our approach can be used to turn digital elevation models into fully-featured, detailed terrains with minimal authoring efforts.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0097-8493 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 600.086; 600.118 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ACC2018 Serial 3147  
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Author Jiaolong Xu; Sebastian Ramos; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Domain Adaptation of Deformable Part-Based Models Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI  
  Volume 36 Issue 12 Pages 2367-2380  
  Keywords Domain Adaptation; Pedestrian Detection  
  Abstract The accuracy of object classifiers can significantly drop when the training data (source domain) and the application scenario (target domain) have inherent differences. Therefore, adapting the classifiers to the scenario in which they must operate is of paramount importance. We present novel domain adaptation (DA) methods for object detection. As proof of concept, we focus on adapting the state-of-the-art deformable part-based model (DPM) for pedestrian detection. We introduce an adaptive structural SVM (A-SSVM) that adapts a pre-learned classifier between different domains. By taking into account the inherent structure in feature space (e.g., the parts in a DPM), we propose a structure-aware A-SSVM (SA-SSVM). Neither A-SSVM nor SA-SSVM needs to revisit the source-domain training data to perform the adaptation. Rather, a low number of target-domain training examples (e.g., pedestrians) are used. To address the scenario where there are no target-domain annotated samples, we propose a self-adaptive DPM based on a self-paced learning (SPL) strategy and a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). Two types of adaptation tasks are assessed: from both synthetic pedestrians and general persons (PASCAL VOC) to pedestrians imaged from an on-board camera. Results show that our proposals avoid accuracy drops as high as 15 points when comparing adapted and non-adapted detectors.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0162-8828 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 600.057; 600.054; 601.217; 600.076 Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ XRV2014b Serial 2436  
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Author David Geronimo; Antonio Lopez; Angel Sappa; Thorsten Graf edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Survey on Pedestrian Detection for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI  
  Volume 32 Issue 7 Pages 1239–1258  
  Keywords ADAS, pedestrian detection, on-board vision, survey  
  Abstract Advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs), and particularly pedestrian protection systems (PPSs), have become an active research area aimed at improving traffic safety. The major challenge of PPSs is the development of reliable on-board pedestrian detection systems. Due to the varying appearance of pedestrians (e.g., different clothes, changing size, aspect ratio, and dynamic shape) and the unstructured environment, it is very difficult to cope with the demanded robustness of this kind of system. Two problems arising in this research area are the lack of public benchmarks and the difficulty in reproducing many of the proposed methods, which makes it difficult to compare the approaches. As a result, surveying the literature by enumerating the proposals one-after-another is not the most useful way to provide a comparative point of view. Accordingly, we present a more convenient strategy to survey the different approaches. We divide the problem of detecting pedestrians from images into different processing steps, each with attached responsibilities. Then, the different proposed methods are analyzed and classified with respect to each processing stage, favoring a comparative viewpoint. Finally, discussion of the important topics is presented, putting special emphasis on the future needs and challenges.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0162-8828 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ GLS2010 Serial 1340  
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Author David Vazquez; Javier Marin; Antonio Lopez; Daniel Ponsa; David Geronimo edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Virtual and Real World Adaptation for Pedestrian Detection Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI  
  Volume 36 Issue 4 Pages 797-809  
  Keywords Domain Adaptation; Pedestrian Detection  
  Abstract Pedestrian detection is of paramount interest for many applications. Most promising detectors rely on discriminatively learnt classifiers, i.e., trained with annotated samples. However, the annotation step is a human intensive and subjective task worth to be minimized. By using virtual worlds we can automatically obtain precise and rich annotations. Thus, we face the question: can a pedestrian appearance model learnt in realistic virtual worlds work successfully for pedestrian detection in realworld images?. Conducted experiments show that virtual-world based training can provide excellent testing accuracy in real world, but it can also suffer the dataset shift problem as real-world based training does. Accordingly, we have designed a domain adaptation framework, V-AYLA, in which we have tested different techniques to collect a few pedestrian samples from the target domain (real world) and combine them with the many examples of the source domain (virtual world) in order to train a domain adapted pedestrian classifier that will operate in the target domain. V-AYLA reports the same detection accuracy than when training with many human-provided pedestrian annotations and testing with real-world images of the same domain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work demonstrating adaptation of virtual and real worlds for developing an object detector.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0162-8828 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 600.057; 600.054; 600.076 Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ VML2014 Serial 2275  
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Author Fadi Dornaika; Angel Sappa edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Instantaneous 3D motion from image derivatives using the Least Trimmed Square Regression Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 535–543  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper presents a new technique to the instantaneous 3D motion estimation. The main contributions are as follows. First, we show that the 3D camera or scene velocity can be retrieved from image derivatives only assuming that the scene contains a dominant plane. Second, we propose a new robust algorithm that simultaneously provides the Least Trimmed Square solution and the percentage of inliers-the non-contaminated data. Experiments on both synthetic and real image sequences demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed method. Those experiments show that the new robust approach can outperform classical robust schemes.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Science Inc. Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0167-8655 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ DoS2009a Serial 1115  
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Author Jaume Amores edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title MILDE: multiple instance learning by discriminative embedding Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Knowledge and Information Systems Abbreviated Journal KAIS  
  Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 381-407  
  Keywords Multi-instance learning; Codebook; Bag of words  
  Abstract While the objective of the standard supervised learning problem is to classify feature vectors, in the multiple instance learning problem, the objective is to classify bags, where each bag contains multiple feature vectors. This represents a generalization of the standard problem, and this generalization becomes necessary in many real applications such as drug activity prediction, content-based image retrieval, and others. While the existing paradigms are based on learning the discriminant information either at the instance level or at the bag level, we propose to incorporate both levels of information. This is done by defining a discriminative embedding of the original space based on the responses of cluster-adapted instance classifiers. Results clearly show the advantage of the proposed method over the state of the art, where we tested the performance through a variety of well-known databases that come from real problems, and we also included an analysis of the performance using synthetically generated data.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer London Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0219-1377 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 601.042; 600.057; 600.076 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Amo2015 Serial 2383  
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Author Carme Julia; Angel Sappa; Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title An Iterative Multiresolution Scheme for SFM with Missing Data: single and multiple object scenes Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Image and Vision Computing Abbreviated Journal IMAVIS  
  Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 164-176  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Most of the techniques proposed for tackling the Structure from Motion problem (SFM) cannot deal with high percentages of missing data in the matrix of trajectories. Furthermore, an additional problem should be faced up when working with multiple object scenes: the rank of the matrix of trajectories should be estimated. This paper presents an iterative multiresolution scheme for SFM with missing data to be used in both the single and multiple object cases. The proposed scheme aims at recovering missing entries in the original input matrix. The objective is to improve the results by applying a factorization technique to the partially or totally filled in matrix instead of to the original input one. Experimental results obtained with synthetic and real data sequences, containing single and multiple objects, are presented to show the viability of the proposed approach.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0262-8856 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ JSL2010 Serial 1278  
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Author Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Debora Gil; Jaume Garcia; Enric Marti edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Image-based Cardiac Phase Retrieval in Intravascular Ultrasound Sequences Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control Abbreviated Journal T-UFFC  
  Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages 60-72  
  Keywords 3-D exploring; ECG; band-pass filter; cardiac motion; cardiac phase retrieval; coronary arteries; electrocardiogram signal; image intensity local mean evolution; image-based cardiac phase retrieval; in vivo pullbacks acquisition; intravascular ultrasound sequences; longitudinal motion; signal extrema; time 36 ms; band-pass filters; biomedical ultrasonics; cardiovascular system; electrocardiography; image motion analysis; image retrieval; image sequences; medical image processing; ultrasonic imaging  
  Abstract Longitudinal motion during in vivo pullbacks acquisition of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) sequences is a major artifact for 3-D exploring of coronary arteries. Most current techniques are based on the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal to obtain a gated pullback without longitudinal motion by using specific hardware or the ECG signal itself. We present an image-based approach for cardiac phase retrieval from coronary IVUS sequences without an ECG signal. A signal reflecting cardiac motion is computed by exploring the image intensity local mean evolution. The signal is filtered by a band-pass filter centered at the main cardiac frequency. Phase is retrieved by computing signal extrema. The average frame processing time using our setup is 36 ms. Comparison to manually sampled sequences encourages a deeper study comparing them to ECG signals.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0885-3010 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes IAM;ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number IAM @ iam @ HGG2011 Serial 1546  
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Author Jose Manuel Alvarez; Theo Gevers; Antonio Lopez edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Learning photometric invariance for object detection Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication International Journal of Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal IJCV  
  Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 45-61  
  Keywords road detection  
  Abstract Impact factor: 3.508 (the last available from JCR2009SCI). Position 4/103 in the category Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence. Quartile
Color is a powerful visual cue in many computer vision applications such as image segmentation and object recognition. However, most of the existing color models depend on the imaging conditions that negatively affect the performance of the task at hand. Often, a reflection model (e.g., Lambertian or dichromatic reflectance) is used to derive color invariant models. However, this approach may be too restricted to model real-world scenes in which different reflectance mechanisms can hold simultaneously.
Therefore, in this paper, we aim to derive color invariance by learning from color models to obtain diversified color invariant ensembles. First, a photometrical orthogonal and non-redundant color model set is computed composed of both color variants and invariants. Then, the proposed method combines these color models to arrive at a diversified color ensemble yielding a proper balance between invariance (repeatability) and discriminative power (distinctiveness). To achieve this, our fusion method uses a multi-view approach to minimize the estimation error. In this way, the proposed method is robust to data uncertainty and produces properly diversified color invariant ensembles. Further, the proposed method is extended to deal with temporal data by predicting the evolution of observations over time.
Experiments are conducted on three different image datasets to validate the proposed method. Both the theoretical and experimental results show that the method is robust against severe variations in imaging conditions. The method is not restricted to a certain reflection model or parameter tuning, and outperforms state-of-the-art detection techniques in the field of object, skin and road recognition. Considering sequential data, the proposed method (extended to deal with future observations) outperforms the other methods
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer US Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0920-5691 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS;ISE Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ AGL2010c Serial 1451  
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