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Author  |
Jaume Garcia |
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Title |
Statistical Models of the Architecture and Function of the Left Ventricle |
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2009 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Cardiovascular Diseases, specially those affecting the Left Ventricle (LV), are the leading cause of death in developed countries with approximately a 30% of all global deaths. In order to address this public health concern, physicians focus on diagnosis and therapy planning. On one hand, early and accurate detection of Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities (RWMA) significantly contributes to a quick diagnosis and prevents the patient to reach more severe stages. On the other hand, a thouroughly knowledge of the normal gross anatomy of the LV, as well as, the distribution of its muscular fibers is crucial for designing specific interventions and therapies (such as pacemaker implanction). Statistical models obtained from the analysis of different imaging modalities allow the computation of the normal ranges of variation within a given population. Normality models are a valuable tool for the definition of objective criterions quantifying the degree of (anomalous) deviation of the LV function and anatomy for a given subject. The creation of statistical models involve addressing three main issues: extraction of data from images, definition of a common domain for comparison of data across patients and designing appropriate statistical analysis schemes. In this PhD thesis we present generic image processing tools for the creation of statistical models of the LV anatomy and function. On one hand, we use differential geometry concepts to define a computational framework (the Normalized Parametric Domain, NPD) suitable for the comparison and fusion of several clinical scores obtained over the LV. On the other hand, we present a variational approach (the Harmonic Phase Flow, HPF) for the estimation of myocardial motion that provides dense and continuous vector fields without overestimating motion at injured areas. These tools are used for the creation of statistical models. Regarding anatomy, we obtain an atlas jointly modelling, both, LV gross anatomy and fiber architecture. Regarding function, we compute normality patterns of scores characterizing the (global and local) LV function and explore, for the first time, the configuration of local scores better suited for RWMA detection. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Debora Gil |
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IAM @ iam @ Gar2009a |
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1499 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia |
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Title |
Generalized Active Shape Models Applied to Cardiac Function Analysis |
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Report |
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Year |
2004 |
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CVC Technical Report |
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78 |
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Cardiac Analysis; Deformable Models; Active Contour Models; Active Shape Models; Tagged MRI; HARP; Contrast Echocardiography. |
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Medical imaging is very useful in the assessment and treatment of many diseases. To deal with the great amount of data provided by imaging scanners and extract quantitative information that physicians can interpret, many analysis algorithms have been developed. Any process of analysis always consists of a first step of segmenting some particular structure. In medical imaging, structures are not always well defined and suffer from noise artifacts thus, ordinary segmentation methods are not well suited. The ones that seem to give better results are those based on deformable models. Nevertheless, despite their capability of mixing image features together with smoothness constraints that may compensate for image irregularities, these are naturally local methods, i. e., each node of the active contour evolve taking into account information about its neighbors and some other weak constraints about flexibility and smoothness, but not about the global shape that they should find. Due to the fact that structures to be segmented are the same for all cases but with some inter and intra-patient variation, the incorporation of a priori knowledge about shape in the segmentation method will provide robustness to it. Active Shape Models is an algorithm based on the creation of a shape model called Point Distribution Model. It performs a segmentation using only shapes similar than those previously learned from a training set that capture most of the variation presented by the structure. This algorithm works by updating shape nodes along a normal segment which often can be too restrictive. For this reason we propose a generalization of this algorithm that we call Generalized Active Shape Models and fully integrates the a priori knowledge given by the Point Distribution Model with deformable models or any other appropriate segmentation method. Two different applications to cardiac imaging of this generalized method are developed and promising results are shown. |
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CVC (UAB) |
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Master's thesis |
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IAM; |
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IAM @ iam @ Gar2004 |
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1513 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia; Albert Andaluz; Debora Gil; Francesc Carreras |
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Title |
Decoupled External Forces in a Predictor-Corrector Segmentation Scheme for LV Contours in Tagged MR Images |
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Conference Article |
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2010 |
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32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society |
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4805-4808 |
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Computation of functional regional scores requires proper identification of LV contours. On one hand, manual segmentation is robust, but it is time consuming and requires high expertise. On the other hand, the tag pattern in TMR sequences is a problem for automatic segmentation of LV boundaries. We propose a segmentation method based on a predictorcorrector (Active Contours – Shape Models) scheme. Special stress is put in the definition of the AC external forces. First, we introduce a semantic description of the LV that discriminates myocardial tissue by using texture and motion descriptors. Second, in order to ensure convergence regardless of the initial contour, the external energy is decoupled according to the orientation of the edges in the image potential. We have validated the model in terms of error in segmented contours and accuracy of regional clinical scores. |
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Buenos Aires (Argentina) |
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IEEE EMB |
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1557-170X |
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978-1-4244-4123-5 |
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EMBC |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ GAG2010 |
Serial |
1514 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia; David Rotger; Francesc Carreras; R.Leta; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Contrast echography segmentation and tracking by trained deformable models |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Proc. Computers in Cardiology |
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30 |
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173-176 |
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The objective of this work is to segment the human left ventricle myocardium (LVM) in contrast echocardiography imaging and thus track it along a cardiac cycle in order to extract quantitative data about heart function. Ultrasound images are hard to work with due to their speckle appearance. To overcome this we report the combination of active contour models (ACM) or snakes and active shape models (ASM). The ability of ACM in giving closed and smooth curves in addition to the power of the ASM in producing shapes similar to the ones learned, evoke to a robust algorithm. Meanwhile the snake is attracted towards image main features, ASM acts as a correction factor. The algorithm was tested independently on 180 frames and satisfying results were obtained: in 95% the maximum difference between automatic and experts segmentation was less than 12 pixels. |
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Centre de Visió per Computador – Dept. Informàtica, UAB Edifici O – Campus UAB, 08193 Bellater |
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0276-6547 |
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0-7803-8170-X |
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IAM;MILAB |
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IAM @ iam @ GRC2003 |
Serial |
1512 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; A.Bajo; M.J.Ledesma-Carbayo; C.SantaMarta |
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Title |
Influence of the temporal resolution on the quantification of displacement fields in cardiac magnetic resonance tagged images |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2008 |
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Proc. Computers in Cardiology |
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35 |
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785-788 |
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It is difficult to acquire tagged cardiac MR images with a high temporal and spatial resolution using clinical MR scanners. However, if such images are used for quantifying scores based on motion, it is essential a resolution as high as possible. This paper explores the influence of the temporal resolution of a tagged series on the quantification of myocardial dynamic parameters. To such purpose we have designed a SPAMM (Spatial Modulation of Magnetization) sequence allowing acquisition of sequences at simple and double temporal resolution. Sequences are processed to compute myocardial motion by an automatic technique based on the tracking of the harmonic phase of tagged images (the Harmonic Phase Flow, HPF). The results have been compared to manual tracking of myocardial tags. The error in displacement fields for double resolution sequences reduces 17%. |
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Alan Murray |
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IAM @ iam @ GGB2008 |
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1508 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate |
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Title |
Endowing Canonical Geometries to Cardiac Structures |
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Book Chapter |
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2010 |
Publication |
Statistical Atlases And Computational Models Of The Heart |
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6364 |
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124-133 |
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International conference on Cardiac electrophysiological simulation challenge
In this paper, we show that canonical (shape-based) geometries can be endowed to cardiac structures using tubular coordinates defined over their medial axis. We give an analytic formulation of these geometries by means of B-Splines. Since B-Splines present vector space structure PCA can be applied to their control points and statistical models relating boundaries and the interior of the anatomical structures can be derived. We demonstrate the applicability in two cardiac structures, the 3D Left Ventricular volume, and the 2D Left-Right ventricle set in 2D Short Axis view. |
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Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
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Camara, O.; Pop, M.; Rhode, K.; Sermesant, M.; Smith, N.; Young, A. |
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science |
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LNCS |
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IAM @ iam @ GGH2010b |
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1515 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; Francesc Carreras ; Sandra Pujades; R.Leta; Xavier Alomar; Guillem Pons-LLados |
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Title |
Un Model 3D del Ventricle Esquerre Integrant Anatomia i Funcionalitat |
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Conference Article |
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2008 |
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XX Congrés de la Societat Catalana de Cardiologia, Actes del Congres |
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122 |
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Els canvis en la dinàmica del Ventricle Esquerre (VE) reflecteixen la majoria de malalties cardiovasculars . Els avenços en imatge mèdica han impulsat la recerca en models i simulacions de la dinàmica 3D del VE . La majoria dels models existents sols consideren l’anatomia externa del VE i no permeten una avaluació de l’acoblament electromecànic . Donat que la mecànica d’un muscle depèn de la orientació de les seves fibres, un model realista hauria d’incloure la disposició espacial de la banda ventricular helicoidal (BVH) .
Proposem desenvolupar un model del VE adaptat a cada pacient que integri, per primer cop, l’anatomia de la banda ventricular, l’anatomia externa del VE i la seva funcionalitat, per a una millor determinació del patró d’activació electromecànica |
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Barcelona |
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catalan |
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catalan |
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IAM @ iam @ GGC2008c |
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1504 |
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Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; Francesc Carreras; Sandra Pujades; R.Leta |
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Title |
Modelització 4-Dimensional de la Funció Siatólica del Ventricle Esquerre |
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Conference Article |
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2007 |
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XIX Congrés de la Societat Catalana de Cardiologia de Barcelona |
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133-134 |
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L’evolució tecnològica en el tractament de les imatges mèdiques permet reconstruir, amb el software apropiat, imatges tridimensionals de les estructures cardiovasculars i dotar-les de moviment. Les imatges 4D resultants faciliten l’estudi de la fisiopatologia de la insuficiència cardíaca en base als transtorns de l’activació electromecànica ventricular, el que pot ser d’interès en el procés de selecció de pacients candidats a teràpies de resincronització. Presentem els resultats preliminars de la reconstrucció 4D del ventricle esquerre (VE) a partir de les seqüències de tagging miocàrdic del VE. |
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Barcelona (Spain) |
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IAM @ iam @ GGC2007 |
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1505 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; Francesc Carreras; Sandra Pujades; R.Leta; Xavier Alomar; Guillem Pons-LLados |
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Title |
Patrons de Normalitat Regional per la Valoració de la Funció del Ventricle Esquerre |
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Conference Article |
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2008 |
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XX Congrés de la Societat Catalana de Cardiologia |
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60 |
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Les malalties cardiovasculars afecten les propietats contràctils de la banda ventricular i provoquen una variació de la funció del Ventricle Esquerre (VE) . Només els indicadors locals (strains, la deformació del teixit) són capaços de detectar anomalies en territoris específics del VE . Patrons de normalitat regionals d’aquests paràmetres serien d’utilitat a l’hora de valorar-ne la funció .
Presentem un Domini Paramètric Normalitzat (DPN) que permet comparar dades de diferents pacients i definir Patrons de Normalitat Regional (PNR) |
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Barcelona |
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catalan |
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catalan |
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IAM @ iam @ GGC2008b |
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1503 |
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Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; Joel Barajas; Francesc Carreras; Sandra Pujades; Petia Radeva |
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Characterization of ventricular torsion in healthy subjects using Gabor filters and a variational framework |
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2006 |
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Proc. Computers in Cardiology |
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877-880 |
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In this work, we present a fully automated method for tissue deformation estimation in tagged magnetic resonance images (TMRI). Gabor filter banks, tuned independently for each left ventricle level, provide optimally filtered complex images which phase remains constant along the cardiac cycle. This fact can be thought as the brightness constancy condition required by classical optical flow (OF) methods. Pairs of these filtered sequences, together with a variational formulation are used in a second step to obtain dense continuous deformation maps that we call Harmonic Phase Flow. This method has been used to determine reference values of ventricular torsion (VT) in a set of 8 healthy volunteers. The results encourage the use of VT as a useful parameter for ventricular function assessment in clinical routine. |
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IAM @ iam @ GGB2006a |
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