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Author |
Marc Masana; Bartlomiej Twardowski; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
On Class Orderings for Incremental Learning |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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ICML Workshop on Continual Learning |
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The influence of class orderings in the evaluation of incremental learning has received very little attention. In this paper, we investigate the impact of class orderings for incrementally learned classifiers. We propose a method to compute various orderings for a dataset. The orderings are derived by simulated annealing optimization from the confusion matrix and reflect different incremental learning scenarios, including maximally and minimally confusing tasks. We evaluate a wide range of state-of-the-art incremental learning methods on the proposed orderings. Results show that orderings can have a significant impact on performance and the ranking of the methods. |
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Virtual; July 2020 |
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ICMLW |
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LAMP; 600.120 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ MTW2020 |
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3505 |
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Author |
David Berga; Marc Masana; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Disentanglement of Color and Shape Representations for Continual Learning |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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ICML Workshop on Continual Learning |
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We hypothesize that disentangled feature representations suffer less from catastrophic forgetting. As a case study we perform explicit disentanglement of color and shape, by adjusting the network architecture. We tested classification accuracy and forgetting in a task-incremental setting with Oxford-102 Flowers dataset. We combine our method with Elastic Weight Consolidation, Learning without Forgetting, Synaptic Intelligence and Memory Aware Synapses, and show that feature disentanglement positively impacts continual learning performance. |
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Virtual; July 2020 |
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ICMLW |
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LAMP; 600.120 |
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Admin @ si @ BMW2020 |
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3506 |
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Author |
Diana Ramirez Cifuentes; Ana Freire; Ricardo Baeza Yates; Joaquim Punti Vidal; Pilar Medina Bravo; Diego Velazquez; Josep M. Gonfaus; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Detection of Suicidal Ideation on Social Media: Multimodal, Relational, and Behavioral Analysis |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Medical Internet Research |
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JMIR |
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22 |
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7 |
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e17758 |
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Background:
Suicide risk assessment usually involves an interaction between doctors and patients. However, a significant number of people with mental disorders receive no treatment for their condition due to the limited access to mental health care facilities; the reduced availability of clinicians; the lack of awareness; and stigma, neglect, and discrimination surrounding mental disorders. In contrast, internet access and social media usage have increased significantly, providing experts and patients with a means of communication that may contribute to the development of methods to detect mental health issues among social media users.
Objective:
This paper aimed to describe an approach for the suicide risk assessment of Spanish-speaking users on social media. We aimed to explore behavioral, relational, and multimodal data extracted from multiple social platforms and develop machine learning models to detect users at risk.
Methods:
We characterized users based on their writings, posting patterns, relations with other users, and images posted. We also evaluated statistical and deep learning approaches to handle multimodal data for the detection of users with signs of suicidal ideation (suicidal ideation risk group). Our methods were evaluated over a dataset of 252 users annotated by clinicians. To evaluate the performance of our models, we distinguished 2 control groups: users who make use of suicide-related vocabulary (focused control group) and generic random users (generic control group).
Results:
We identified significant statistical differences between the textual and behavioral attributes of each of the control groups compared with the suicidal ideation risk group. At a 95% CI, when comparing the suicidal ideation risk group and the focused control group, the number of friends (P=.04) and median tweet length (P=.04) were significantly different. The median number of friends for a focused control user (median 578.5) was higher than that for a user at risk (median 372.0). Similarly, the median tweet length was higher for focused control users, with 16 words against 13 words of suicidal ideation risk users. Our findings also show that the combination of textual, visual, relational, and behavioral data outperforms the accuracy of using each modality separately. We defined text-based baseline models based on bag of words and word embeddings, which were outperformed by our models, obtaining an increase in accuracy of up to 8% when distinguishing users at risk from both types of control users.
Conclusions:
The types of attributes analyzed are significant for detecting users at risk, and their combination outperforms the results provided by generic, exclusively text-based baseline models. After evaluating the contribution of image-based predictive models, we believe that our results can be improved by enhancing the models based on textual and relational features. These methods can be extended and applied to different use cases related to other mental disorders. |
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ISE; 600.098; 600.119 |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ RFB2020 |
Serial |
3552 |
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Author |
Asma Bensalah; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes; Cristina Carmona_Duarte; Josep Llados; Miguel A. Ferrer |
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Title |
Towards Stroke Patients' Upper-limb Automatic Motor Assessment Using Smartwatches. |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare Applications |
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12661 |
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476-489 |
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Assessing the physical condition in rehabilitation scenarios is a challenging problem, since it involves Human Activity Recognition (HAR) and kinematic analysis methods. In addition, the difficulties increase in unconstrained rehabilitation scenarios, which are much closer to the real use cases. In particular, our aim is to design an upper-limb assessment pipeline for stroke patients using smartwatches. We focus on the HAR task, as it is the first part of the assessing pipeline. Our main target is to automatically detect and recognize four key movements inspired by the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale, which are performed in both constrained and unconstrained scenarios. In addition to the application protocol and dataset, we propose two detection and classification baseline methods. We believe that the proposed framework, dataset and baseline results will serve to foster this research field. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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ICPRW |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.140; |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ BCF2020 |
Serial |
3508 |
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Author |
Manuel Carbonell; Pau Riba; Mauricio Villegas; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction with Graph Neural Networks in Semi Structured Documents |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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The use of administrative documents to communicate and leave record of business information requires of methods
able to automatically extract and understand the content from
such documents in a robust and efficient way. In addition,
the semi-structured nature of these reports is specially suited
for the use of graph-based representations which are flexible
enough to adapt to the deformations from the different document
templates. Moreover, Graph Neural Networks provide the proper
methodology to learn relations among the data elements in
these documents. In this work we study the use of Graph
Neural Network architectures to tackle the problem of entity
recognition and relation extraction in semi-structured documents.
Our approach achieves state of the art results in the three
tasks involved in the process. Additionally, the experimentation
with two datasets of different nature demonstrates the good
generalization ability of our approach. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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ICPR |
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DAG; 600.121 |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ CRV2020 |
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3509 |
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Author |
M. Li; Xialei Liu; Joost Van de Weijer; Bogdan Raducanu |
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Title |
Learning to Rank for Active Learning: A Listwise Approach |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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5587-5594 |
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Active learning emerged as an alternative to alleviate the effort to label huge amount of data for data hungry applications (such as image/video indexing and retrieval, autonomous driving, etc.). The goal of active learning is to automatically select a number of unlabeled samples for annotation (according to a budget), based on an acquisition function, which indicates how valuable a sample is for training the model. The learning loss method is a task-agnostic approach which attaches a module to learn to predict the target loss of unlabeled data, and select data with the highest loss for labeling. In this work, we follow this strategy but we define the acquisition function as a learning to rank problem and rethink the structure of the loss prediction module, using a simple but effective listwise approach. Experimental results on four datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms recent state-of-the-art active learning approaches for both image classification and regression tasks. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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ICPR |
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LAMP; 600.120 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ LLW2020a |
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3511 |
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Author |
Ciprian Corneanu; Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera; Aleix Martinez |
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Title |
Explainable Early Stopping for Action Unit Recognition |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Faces and Gestures in E-health and welfare workshop |
Abbreviated Journal |
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693-699 |
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Abstract |
A common technique to avoid overfitting when training deep neural networks (DNN) is to monitor the performance in a dedicated validation data partition and to stop
training as soon as it saturates. This only focuses on what the model does, while completely ignoring what happens inside it.
In this work, we open the “black-box” of DNN in order to perform early stopping. We propose to use a novel theoretical framework that analyses meso-scale patterns in the topology of the functional graph of a network while it trains. Based on it,
we decide when it transitions from learning towards overfitting in a more explainable way. We exemplify the benefits of this approach on a state-of-the art custom DNN that jointly learns local representations and label structure employing an ensemble of dedicated subnetworks. We show that it is practically equivalent in performance to early stopping with patience, the standard early stopping algorithm in the literature. This proves beneficial for AU recognition performance and provides new insights into how learning of AUs occurs in DNNs. |
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Virtual; November 2020 |
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FGW |
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HUPBA; |
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Admin @ si @ CME2020 |
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3514 |
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Author |
Anna Esposito; Terry Amorese; Nelson Maldonato; Alessandro Vinciarelli; Maria Ines Torres; Sergio Escalera; Gennaro Cordasco |
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Title |
Seniors’ ability to decode differently aged facial emotional expressions |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Faces and Gestures in E-health and welfare workshop |
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716-722 |
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Virtual; November 2020 |
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FGW |
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HUPBA |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ EAM2020 |
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3515 |
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Author |
Anna Esposito; Italia Cirillo; Antonietta Esposito; Leopoldina Fortunati; Gian Luca Foresti; Sergio Escalera; Nikolaos Bourbakis |
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Title |
Impairments in decoding facial and vocal emotional expressions in high functioning autistic adults and adolescents |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Faces and Gestures in E-health and welfare workshop |
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667-674 |
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Virtual; November 2020 |
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FGW |
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HUPBA |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ECE2020 |
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3516 |
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Author |
Josep Famadas; Meysam Madadi; Cristina Palmero; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Generative Video Face Reenactment by AUs and Gaze Regularization |
Type |
Conference Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
15th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition |
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444-451 |
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In this work, we propose an encoder-decoder-like architecture to perform face reenactment in image sequences. Our goal is to transfer the training subject identity to a given test subject. We regularize face reenactment by facial action unit intensity and 3D gaze vector regression. This way, we enforce the network to transfer subtle facial expressions and eye dynamics, providing a more lifelike result. The proposed encoder-decoder receives as input the previous sequence frame stacked to the current frame image of facial landmarks. Thus, the generated frames benefit from appearance and geometry, while keeping temporal coherence for the generated sequence. At test stage, a new target subject with the facial performance of the source subject and the appearance of the training subject is reenacted. Principal component analysis is applied to project the test subject geometry to the closest training subject geometry before reenactment. Evaluation of our proposal shows faster convergence, and more accurate and realistic results in comparison to other architectures without action units and gaze regularization. |
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Virtual; November 2020 |
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HUPBA |
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Admin @ si @ FMP2020 |
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3517 |
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Carlos Martin-Isla; Maryam Asadi-Aghbolaghi; Polyxeni Gkontra; Victor M. Campello; Sergio Escalera; Karim Lekadir |
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Stacked BCDU-net with semantic CMR synthesis: application to Myocardial Pathology Segmentation challenge |
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2020 |
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MYOPS challenge and workshop |
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Virtual; October 2020 |
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MICCAIW |
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HUPBA |
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Admin @ si @ MAG2020 |
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3518 |
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Author |
Hugo Bertiche; Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
CLOTH3D: Clothed 3D Humans |
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2020 |
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16th European Conference on Computer Vision |
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This work presents CLOTH3D, the first big scale synthetic dataset of 3D clothed human sequences. CLOTH3D contains a large variability on garment type, topology, shape, size, tightness and fabric. Clothes are simulated on top of thousands of different pose sequences and body shapes, generating realistic cloth dynamics. We provide the dataset with a generative model for cloth generation. We propose a Conditional Variational Auto-Encoder (CVAE) based on graph convolutions (GCVAE) to learn garment latent spaces. This allows for realistic generation of 3D garments on top of SMPL model for any pose and shape. |
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Virtual; August 2020 |
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ECCV |
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HUPBA |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BME2020 |
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3519 |
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Author |
Reza Azad; Maryam Asadi-Aghbolaghi; Mahmood Fathy; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Attention Deeplabv3+: Multi-level Context Attention Mechanism for Skin Lesion Segmentation |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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Bioimage computation workshop |
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Virtual; August 2020 |
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ECCVW |
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HUPBA |
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Admin @ si @ AAF2020 |
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3520 |
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Ajian Liu; Xuan Li; Jun Wan; Yanyan Liang; Sergio Escalera; Hugo Jair Escalante; Meysam Madadi; Yi Jin; Zhuoyuan Wu; Xiaogang Yu; Zichang Tan; Qi Yuan; Ruikun Yang; Benjia Zhou; Guodong Guo; Stan Z. Li |
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Cross-ethnicity Face Anti-spoofing Recognition Challenge: A Review |
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2020 |
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IET Biometrics |
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BIO |
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10 |
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1 |
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24-43 |
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Face anti-spoofing is critical to prevent face recognition systems from a security breach. The biometrics community has %possessed achieved impressive progress recently due the excellent performance of deep neural networks and the availability of large datasets. Although ethnic bias has been verified to severely affect the performance of face recognition systems, it still remains an open research problem in face anti-spoofing. Recently, a multi-ethnic face anti-spoofing dataset, CASIA-SURF CeFA, has been released with the goal of measuring the ethnic bias. It is the largest up to date cross-ethnicity face anti-spoofing dataset covering 3 ethnicities, 3 modalities, 1,607 subjects, 2D plus 3D attack types, and the first dataset including explicit ethnic labels among the recently released datasets for face anti-spoofing. We organized the Chalearn Face Anti-spoofing Attack Detection Challenge which consists of single-modal (e.g., RGB) and multi-modal (e.g., RGB, Depth, Infrared (IR)) tracks around this novel resource to boost research aiming to alleviate the ethnic bias. Both tracks have attracted 340 teams in the development stage, and finally 11 and 8 teams have submitted their codes in the single-modal and multi-modal face anti-spoofing recognition challenges, respectively. All the results were verified and re-ran by the organizing team, and the results were used for the final ranking. This paper presents an overview of the challenge, including its design, evaluation protocol and a summary of results. We analyze the top ranked solutions and draw conclusions derived from the competition. In addition we outline future work directions. |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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Admin @ si @ LLW2020b |
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3523 |
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Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera |
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Hand pose aware multimodal isolated sign language recognition |
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2020 |
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Multimedia Tools and Applications |
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MTAP |
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80 |
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127–163 |
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Isolated hand sign language recognition from video is a challenging research area in computer vision. Some of the most important challenges in this area include dealing with hand occlusion, fast hand movement, illumination changes, or background complexity. While most of the state-of-the-art results in the field have been achieved using deep learning-based models, the previous challenges are not completely solved. In this paper, we propose a hand pose aware model for isolated hand sign language recognition using deep learning approaches from two input modalities, RGB and depth videos. Four spatial feature types: pixel-level, flow, deep hand, and hand pose features, fused from both visual modalities, are input to LSTM for temporal sign recognition. While we use Optical Flow (OF) for flow information in RGB video inputs, Scene Flow (SF) is used for depth video inputs. By including hand pose features, we show a consistent performance improvement of the sign language recognition model. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this discriminant spatiotemporal features, benefiting from the hand pose estimation features and multi-modal inputs, are fused for isolated hand sign language recognition. We perform a step-by-step analysis of the impact in terms of recognition performance of the hand pose features, different combinations of the spatial features, and different recurrent models, especially LSTM and GRU. Results on four public datasets confirm that the proposed model outperforms the current state-of-the-art models on Montalbano II, MSR Daily Activity 3D, and CAD-60 datasets with a relative accuracy improvement of 1.64%, 6.5%, and 7.6%. Furthermore, our model obtains a competitive results on isoGD dataset with only 0.22% margin lower than the current state-of-the-art model. |
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Admin @ si @ RKE2020 |
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3524 |
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