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Author |
Xinhang Song; Shuqiang Jiang; Luis Herranz; Chengpeng Chen |
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Title |
Learning Effective RGB-D Representations for Scene Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
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TIP |
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28 |
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2 |
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980-993 |
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Deep convolutional networks can achieve impressive results on RGB scene recognition thanks to large data sets such as places. In contrast, RGB-D scene recognition is still underdeveloped in comparison, due to two limitations of RGB-D data we address in this paper. The first limitation is the lack of depth data for training deep learning models. Rather than fine tuning or transferring RGB-specific features, we address this limitation by proposing an architecture and a two-step training approach that directly learns effective depth-specific features using weak supervision via patches. The resulting RGB-D model also benefits from more complementary multimodal features. Another limitation is the short range of depth sensors (typically 0.5 m to 5.5 m), resulting in depth images not capturing distant objects in the scenes that RGB images can. We show that this limitation can be addressed by using RGB-D videos, where more comprehensive depth information is accumulated as the camera travels across the scenes. Focusing on this scenario, we introduce the ISIA RGB-D video data set to evaluate RGB-D scene recognition with videos. Our video recognition architecture combines convolutional and recurrent neural networks that are trained in three steps with increasingly complex data to learn effective features (i.e., patches, frames, and sequences). Our approach obtains the state-of-the-art performances on RGB-D image (NYUD2 and SUN RGB-D) and video (ISIA RGB-D) scene recognition. |
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LAMP; 600.141; 600.120 |
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Admin @ si @ SJH2019 |
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3247 |
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Author |
Shiqi Yang; Kai Wang; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
On Implicit Attribute Localization for Generalized Zero-Shot Learning |
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2021 |
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IEEE Signal Processing Letters |
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28 |
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872 - 876 |
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Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to discriminate images from unseen classes by exploiting relations to seen classes via their attribute-based descriptions. Since attributes are often related to specific parts of objects, many recent works focus on discovering discriminative regions. However, these methods usually require additional complex part detection modules or attention mechanisms. In this paper, 1) we show that common ZSL backbones (without explicit attention nor part detection) can implicitly localize attributes, yet this property is not exploited. 2) Exploiting it, we then propose SELAR, a simple method that further encourages attribute localization, surprisingly achieving very competitive generalized ZSL (GZSL) performance when compared with more complex state-of-the-art methods. Our findings provide useful insight for designing future GZSL methods, and SELAR provides an easy to implement yet strong baseline. |
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LAMP; 600.120 |
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YWH2021 |
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3563 |
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Oriol Ramos Terrades; Ernest Valveny |
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A new use of the ridgelets transform for describing linear singularities in images |
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2006 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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27 |
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6 |
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587–596 |
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DAG |
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DAG @ dag @ RaV2006a |
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635 |
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Author |
Jaume Amores; N. Sebe; Petia Radeva |
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Boosting the distance estimation: Application to the K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier |
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2006 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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27 |
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3 |
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201–209 |
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ADAS;MILAB |
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ADAS @ adas @ ASR2006 |
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643 |
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Fernando Vilariño; Ludmila I. Kuncheva; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
ROC curves and video analysis optimization in intestinal capsule endoscopy |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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27 |
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8 |
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875–881 |
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ROC curves; Classification; Classifiers ensemble; Detection of intestinal contractions; Imbalanced classes; Wireless capsule endoscopy |
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Wireless capsule endoscopy involves inspection of hours of video material by a highly qualified professional. Time episodes corresponding to intestinal contractions, which are of interest to the physician constitute about 1% of the video. The problem is to label automatically time episodes containing contractions so that only a fraction of the video needs inspection. As the classes of contraction and non-contraction images in the video are largely imbalanced, ROC curves are used to optimize the trade-off between false positive and false negative rates. Classifier ensemble methods and simple classifiers were examined. Our results reinforce the claims from recent literature that classifier ensemble methods specifically designed for imbalanced problems have substantial advantages over simple classifiers and standard classifier ensembles. By using ROC curves with the bagging ensemble method the inspection time can be drastically reduced at the expense of a small fraction of missed contractions. |
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800 |
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MILAB;MV;SIAI |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ VKR2006; IAM @ iam @ VKR2006 |
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647 |
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Author |
Xavier Otazu; Oriol Pujol |
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Title |
Wavelet based approach to cluster analysis. Application on low dimensional data sets |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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27 |
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14 |
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1590–1605 |
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MILAB; CIC; HuPBA |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ OtP2006 |
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658 |
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Author |
Fadi Dornaika; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
A Featureless and Stochastic Approach to On-board Stereo Vision System Pose |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Image and Vision Computing |
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IMAVIS |
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27 |
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9 |
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1382–1393 |
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On-board stereo vision system; Pose estimation; Featureless approach; Particle filtering; Image warping |
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This paper presents a direct and stochastic technique for real-time estimation of on-board stereo head’s position and orientation. Unlike existing works which rely on feature extraction either in the image domain or in 3D space, our proposed approach directly estimates the unknown parameters from the stream of stereo pairs’ brightness. The pose parameters are tracked using the particle filtering framework which implicitly enforces the smoothness constraints on the estimated parameters. The proposed technique can be used with a driver assistance applications as well as with augmented reality applications. Extended experiments on urban environments with different road geometries are presented. Comparisons with a 3D data-based approach are presented. Moreover, we provide a performance study aiming at evaluating the accuracy of the proposed approach. |
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ADAS |
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no |
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ADAS @ adas @ DoS2009b |
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1152 |
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Author |
Mariano Vazquez; Ruth Aris; Guillaume Hozeaux; R.Aubry; P.Villar;Jaume Garcia ; Debora Gil; Francesc Carreras |
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A massively parallel computational electrophysiology model of the heart |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering |
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IJNMBE |
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27 |
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1911-1929 |
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computational electrophysiology; parallelization; finite element methods |
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This paper presents a patient-sensitive simulation strategy capable of using the most efficient way the high-performance computational resources. The proposed strategy directly involves three different players: Computational Mechanics Scientists (CMS), Image Processing Scientists and Cardiologists, each one mastering its own expertise area within the project. This paper describes the general integrative scheme but focusing on the CMS side presents a massively parallel implementation of computational electrophysiology applied to cardiac tissue simulation. The paper covers different angles of the computational problem: equations, numerical issues, the algorithm and parallel implementation. The proposed methodology is illustrated with numerical simulations testing all the different possibilities, ranging from small domains up to very large ones. A key issue is the almost ideal scalability not only for large and complex problems but also for medium-size meshes. The explicit formulation is particularly well suited for solving this highly transient problems, with very short time-scale. |
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Swansea (UK) |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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IAM |
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no |
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IAM @ iam @ VAH2011 |
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1198 |
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Jordi Gonzalez; Dani Rowe; Javier Varona; Xavier Roca |
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Title |
Understanding Dynamic Scenes based on Human Sequence Evaluation |
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2009 |
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Image and Vision Computing |
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IMAVIS |
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27 |
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10 |
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1433–1444 |
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Image Sequence Evaluation; High-level processing of monitored scenes; Segmentation and tracking in complex scenes; Event recognition in dynamic scenes; Human motion understanding; Human behaviour interpretation; Natural-language text generation; Realistic demonstrators |
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In this paper, a Cognitive Vision System (CVS) is presented, which explains the human behaviour of monitored scenes using natural-language texts. This cognitive analysis of human movements recorded in image sequences is here referred to as Human Sequence Evaluation (HSE) which defines a set of transformation modules involved in the automatic generation of semantic descriptions from pixel values. In essence, the trajectories of human agents are obtained to generate textual interpretations of their motion, and also to infer the conceptual relationships of each agent w.r.t. its environment. For this purpose, a human behaviour model based on Situation Graph Trees (SGTs) is considered, which permits both bottom-up (hypothesis generation) and top-down (hypothesis refinement) analysis of dynamic scenes. The resulting system prototype interprets different kinds of behaviour and reports textual descriptions in multiple languages. |
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ISE |
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ISE @ ise @ GRV2009 |
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1211 |
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Author |
Arnau Ramisa; Adriana Tapus; David Aldavert; Ricardo Toledo; Ramon Lopez de Mantaras |
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Title |
Robust Vision-Based Localization using Combinations of Local Feature Regions Detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Autonomous Robots |
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AR |
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27 |
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4 |
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373-385 |
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This paper presents a vision-based approach for mobile robot localization. The model of the environment is topological. The new approach characterizes a place using a signature. This signature consists of a constellation of descriptors computed over different types of local affine covariant regions extracted from an omnidirectional image acquired rotating a standard camera with a pan-tilt unit. This type of representation permits a reliable and distinctive environment modelling. Our objectives were to validate the proposed method in indoor environments and, also, to find out if the combination of complementary local feature region detectors improves the localization versus using a single region detector. Our experimental results show that if false matches are effectively rejected, the combination of different covariant affine region detectors increases notably the performance of the approach by combining the different strengths of the individual detectors. In order to reduce the localization time, two strategies are evaluated: re-ranking the map nodes using a global similarity measure and using standard perspective view field of 45°.
In order to systematically test topological localization methods, another contribution proposed in this work is a novel method to see the degradation in localization performance as the robot moves away from the point where the original signature was acquired. This allows to know the robustness of the proposed signature. In order for this to be effective, it must be done in several, variated, environments that test all the possible situations in which the robot may have to perform localization. |
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0929-5593 |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ RTA2009 |
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1245 |
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Eduard Vazquez; Theo Gevers; M. Lucassen; Joost Van de Weijer; Ramon Baldrich |
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Saliency of Color Image Derivatives: A Comparison between Computational Models and Human Perception |
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2010 |
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Journal of the Optical Society of America A |
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JOSA A |
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27 |
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3 |
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613–621 |
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In this paper, computational methods are proposed to compute color edge saliency based on the information content of color edges. The computational methods are evaluated on bottom-up saliency in a psychophysical experiment, and on a more complex task of salient object detection in real-world images. The psychophysical experiment demonstrates the relevance of using information theory as a saliency processing model and that the proposed methods are significantly better in predicting color saliency (with a human-method correspondence up to 74.75% and an observer agreement of 86.8%) than state-of-the-art models. Furthermore, results from salient object detection confirm that an early fusion of color and contrast provide accurate performance to compute visual saliency with a hit rate up to 95.2%. |
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ISE;CIC |
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CAT @ cat @ VGL2010 |
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1275 |
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Debora Gil; Petia Radeva |
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Inhibition of false landmarks |
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2006 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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27 |
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9 |
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1022-1030 |
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Corners and junctions are landmarks characterized by the lack of differentiability in the unit tangent to the image level curve. Detectors based on differential operators are not, by their own definition, the best posed as they require a higher degree of differentiability to yield a reliable response. We argue that a corner detector should be based on the degree of continuity of the tangent vector to the image level sets, work on the image domain and need no assumptions on neither the image local structure nor the particular geometry of the corner/junction. An operator measuring the degree of differentiability of the projection matrix on the image gradient fulfills the above requirements. Because using smoothing kernels leads to corner misplacement, we suggest an alternative fake response remover based on the receptive field inhibition of spurious details. The combination of both orientation discontinuity detection and noise inhibition produce our inhibition orientation energy (IOE) landmark locator. |
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Elsevier Science Inc. |
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New York, NY, USA |
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0167-8655 |
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IAM;MILAB |
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IAM @ iam @ GiR2006 |
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1529 |
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Debora Gil; Oriol Rodriguez-Leor; Petia Radeva; J. Mauri |
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Myocardial Perfusion Characterization From Contrast Angiography Spectral Distribution |
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2008 |
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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging |
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27 |
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5 |
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641-649 |
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Contrast angiography; myocardial perfusion; spectral analysis. |
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Despite recovering a normal coronary flow after acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention does not guarantee a proper perfusion (irrigation) of the infarcted area. This damage in microcirculation integrity may detrimentally affect the patient survival. Visual assessment of the myocardium opacification in contrast angiography serves to define a subjective score of the microcirculation integrity myocardial blush analysis (MBA). Although MBA correlates with patient prognosis its visual assessment is a very difficult task that requires of a highly expertise training in order to achieve a good intraobserver and interobserver agreement. In this paper, we provide objective descriptors of the myocardium staining pattern by analyzing the spectrum of the image local statistics. The descriptors proposed discriminate among the different phenomena observed in the angiographic sequence and allow defining an objective score of the myocardial perfusion. |
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IAM;MILAB |
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no |
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IAM @ iam @ GRR2008 |
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1541 |
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Jaume Gibert; Ernest Valveny; Horst Bunke |
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Embedding of Graphs with Discrete Attributes Via Label Frequencies |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence |
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IJPRAI |
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27 |
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3 |
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1360002-1360029 |
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Discrete attributed graphs; graph embedding; graph classification |
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Abstract |
Graph-based representations of patterns are very flexible and powerful, but they are not easily processed due to the lack of learning algorithms in the domain of graphs. Embedding a graph into a vector space solves this problem since graphs are turned into feature vectors and thus all the statistical learning machinery becomes available for graph input patterns. In this work we present a new way of embedding discrete attributed graphs into vector spaces using node and edge label frequencies. The methodology is experimentally tested on graph classification problems, using patterns of different nature, and it is shown to be competitive to state-of-the-art classification algorithms for graphs, while being computationally much more efficient. |
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Admin @ si @ GVB2013 |
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2305 |
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Author |
Santiago Segui; Laura Igual; Jordi Vitria |
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Title |
Bagged One Class Classifiers in the Presence of Outliers |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence |
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IJPRAI |
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27 |
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5 |
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1350014-1350035 |
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Keywords |
One-class Classifier; Ensemble Methods; Bagging and Outliers |
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Abstract |
The problem of training classifiers only with target data arises in many applications where non-target data are too costly, difficult to obtain, or not available at all. Several one-class classification methods have been presented to solve this problem, but most of the methods are highly sensitive to the presence of outliers in the target class. Ensemble methods have therefore been proposed as a powerful way to improve the classification performance of binary/multi-class learning algorithms by introducing diversity into classifiers.
However, their application to one-class classification has been rather limited. In
this paper, we present a new ensemble method based on a non-parametric weighted bagging strategy for one-class classification, to improve accuracy in the presence of outliers. While the standard bagging strategy assumes a uniform data distribution, the method we propose here estimates a probability density based on a forest structure of the data. This assumption allows the estimation of data distribution from the computation of simple univariate and bivariate kernel densities. Experiments using original and noisy versions of 20 different datasets show that bagging ensemble methods applied to different one-class classifiers outperform base one-class classification methods. Moreover, we show that, in noisy versions of the datasets, the non-parametric weighted bagging strategy we propose outperforms the classical bagging strategy in a statistically significant way. |
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OR; 600.046;MV |
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Admin @ si @ SIV2013 |
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2256 |
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