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Author |
Ivet Rafegas |
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Title |
Color in Visual Recognition: from flat to deep representations and some biological parallelisms |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2017 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Visual recognition is one of the main problems in computer vision that attempts to solve image understanding by deciding what objects are in images. This problem can be computationally solved by using relevant sets of visual features, such as edges, corners, color or more complex object parts. This thesis contributes to how color features have to be represented for recognition tasks.
Image features can be extracted following two different approaches. A first approach is defining handcrafted descriptors of images which is then followed by a learning scheme to classify the content (named flat schemes in Kruger et al. (2013). In this approach, perceptual considerations are habitually used to define efficient color features. Here we propose a new flat color descriptor based on the extension of color channels to boost the representation of spatio-chromatic contrast that surpasses state-of-the-art approaches. However, flat schemes present a lack of generality far away from the capabilities of biological systems. A second approach proposes evolving these flat schemes into a hierarchical process, like in the visual cortex. This includes an automatic process to learn optimal features. These deep schemes, and more specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have shown an impressive performance to solve various vision problems. However, there is a lack of understanding about the internal representation obtained, as a result of automatic learning. In this thesis we propose a new methodology to explore the internal representation of trained CNNs by defining the Neuron Feature as a visualization of the intrinsic features encoded in each individual neuron. Additionally, and inspired by physiological techniques, we propose to compute different neuron selectivity indexes (e.g., color, class, orientation or symmetry, amongst others) to label and classify the full CNN neuron population to understand learned representations.
Finally, using the proposed methodology, we show an in-depth study on how color is represented on a specific CNN, trained for object recognition, that competes with primate representational abilities (Cadieu et al (2014)). We found several parallelisms with biological visual systems: (a) a significant number of color selectivity neurons throughout all the layers; (b) an opponent and low frequency representation of color oriented edges and a higher sampling of frequency selectivity in brightness than in color in 1st layer like in V1; (c) a higher sampling of color hue in the second layer aligned to observed hue maps in V2; (d) a strong color and shape entanglement in all layers from basic features in shallower layers (V1 and V2) to object and background shapes in deeper layers (V4 and IT); and (e) a strong correlation between neuron color selectivities and color dataset bias. |
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November 2017 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Maria Vanrell |
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978-84-945373-7-0 |
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CIC |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ Raf2017 |
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3100 |
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Author |
Lluis Gomez; Marçal Rusiñol; Ali Furkan Biten; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Subtitulació automàtica d'imatges. Estat de l'art i limitacions en el context arxivístic |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Jornades Imatge i Recerca |
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JIR |
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DAG; 600.084; 600.135; 601.338; 600.121; 600.129 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ GRB2018 |
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3173 |
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Author |
Lluis Gomez; Marçal Rusiñol; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Cutting Sayre's Knot: Reading Scene Text without Segmentation. Application to Utility Meters |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
13th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems |
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97-102 |
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Keywords |
Robust Reading; End-to-end Systems; CNN; Utility Meters |
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Abstract |
In this paper we present a segmentation-free system for reading text in natural scenes. A CNN architecture is trained in an end-to-end manner, and is able to directly output readings without any explicit text localization step. In order to validate our proposal, we focus on the specific case of reading utility meters. We present our results in a large dataset of images acquired by different users and devices, so text appears in any location, with different sizes, fonts and lengths, and the images present several distortions such as
dirt, illumination highlights or blur. |
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Viena; Austria; April 2018 |
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DAS |
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DAG; 600.084; 600.121; 600.129 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ GRK2018 |
Serial |
3102 |
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Author |
Dimosthenis Karatzas; Lluis Gomez; Marçal Rusiñol; Anguelos Nicolaou |
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Title |
The Robust Reading Competition Annotation and Evaluation Platform |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
13th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems |
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61-66 |
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Abstract |
The ICDAR Robust Reading Competition (RRC), initiated in 2003 and reestablished in 2011, has become the defacto evaluation standard for the international community. Concurrent with its second incarnation in 2011, a continuous
effort started to develop an online framework to facilitate the hosting and management of competitions. This short paper briefly outlines the Robust Reading Competition Annotation and Evaluation Platform, the backbone of the
Robust Reading Competition, comprising a collection of tools and processes that aim to simplify the management and annotation of data, and to provide online and offline performance evaluation and analysis services. |
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Viena; Austria; April 2018 |
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DAS |
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Notes |
DAG; 600.084; 600.121 |
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no |
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Call Number |
KGR2018 |
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3103 |
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Author |
David Aldavert; Marçal Rusiñol |
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Title |
Manuscript text line detection and segmentation using second-order derivatives analysis |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
13th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Pages |
293 - 298 |
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Keywords |
text line detection; text line segmentation; text region detection; second-order derivatives |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we explore the use of second-order derivatives to detect text lines on handwritten document images. Taking advantage that the second derivative gives a minimum response when a dark linear element over a
bright background has the same orientation as the filter, we use this operator to create a map with the local orientation and strength of putative text lines in the document. Then, we detect line segments by selecting and merging the filter responses that have a similar orientation and scale. Finally, text lines are found by merging the segments that are within the same text region. The proposed segmentation algorithm, is learning-free while showing a performance similar to the state of the art methods in publicly available datasets. |
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Viena; Austria; April 2018 |
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DAS |
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Notes |
DAG; 600.084; 600.129; 302.065; 600.121 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ AlR2018a |
Serial |
3104 |
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Author |
David Aldavert; Marçal Rusiñol |
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Title |
Synthetically generated semantic codebook for Bag-of-Visual-Words based word spotting |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
13th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems |
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Pages |
223 - 228 |
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Keywords |
Word Spotting; Bag of Visual Words; Synthetic Codebook; Semantic Information |
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Abstract |
Word-spotting methods based on the Bag-ofVisual-Words framework have demonstrated a good retrieval performance even when used in a completely unsupervised manner. Although unsupervised approaches are suitable for
large document collections due to the cost of acquiring labeled data, these methods also present some drawbacks. For instance, having to train a suitable “codebook” for a certain dataset has a high computational cost. Therefore, in
this paper we present a database agnostic codebook which is trained from synthetic data. The aim of the proposed approach is to generate a codebook where the only information required is the type of script used in the document. The use of synthetic data also allows to easily incorporate semantic
information in the codebook generation. So, the proposed method is able to determine which set of codewords have a semantic representation of the descriptor feature space. Experimental results show that the resulting codebook attains a state-of-the-art performance while having a more compact representation. |
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Viena; Austria; April 2018 |
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DAS |
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Notes |
DAG; 600.084; 600.129; 600.121 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ AlR2018b |
Serial |
3105 |
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Author |
V. Poulain d'Andecy; Emmanuel Hartmann; Marçal Rusiñol |
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Title |
Field Extraction by hybrid incremental and a-priori structural templates |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
13th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems |
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Pages |
251 - 256 |
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Keywords |
Layout Analysis; information extraction; incremental learning |
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In this paper, we present an incremental framework for extracting information fields from administrative documents. First, we demonstrate some limits of the existing state-of-the-art methods such as the delay of the system efficiency. This is a concern in industrial context when we have only few samples of each document class. Based on this analysis, we propose a hybrid system combining incremental learning by means of itf-df statistics and a-priori generic
models. We report in the experimental section our results obtained with a dataset of real invoices. |
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Viena; Austria; April 2018 |
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DAS |
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Notes |
DAG; 600.084; 600.129; 600.121 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ PHR2018 |
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3106 |
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Author |
Felipe Codevilla; Matthias Muller; Antonio Lopez; Vladlen Koltun; Alexey Dosovitskiy |
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Title |
End-to-end Driving via Conditional Imitation Learning |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation |
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4693 - 4700 |
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Deep networks trained on demonstrations of human driving have learned to follow roads and avoid obstacles. However, driving policies trained via imitation learning cannot be controlled at test time. A vehicle trained end-to-end to imitate an expert cannot be guided to take a specific turn at an upcoming intersection. This limits the utility of such systems. We propose to condition imitation learning on high-level command input. At test time, the learned driving policy functions as a chauffeur that handles sensorimotor coordination but continues to respond to navigational commands. We evaluate different architectures for conditional imitation learning in vision-based driving. We conduct experiments in realistic three-dimensional simulations of urban driving and on a 1/5 scale robotic truck that is trained to drive in a residential area. Both systems drive based on visual input yet remain responsive to high-level navigational commands. The supplementary video can be viewed at this https URL |
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Brisbane; Australia; May 2018 |
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Conference |
ICRA |
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Notes |
ADAS; 600.116; 600.124; 600.118 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ CML2018 |
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3108 |
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Author |
Stefan Lonn; Petia Radeva; Mariella Dimiccoli |
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Title |
A picture is worth a thousand words but how to organize thousands of pictures? |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Arxiv |
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We live in a society where the large majority of the population has a camera-equipped smartphone. In addition, hard drives and cloud storage are getting cheaper and cheaper, leading to a tremendous growth in stored personal photos. Unlike photo collections captured by a digital camera, which typically are pre-processed by the user who organizes them into event-related folders, smartphone pictures are automatically stored in the cloud. As a consequence, photo collections captured by a smartphone are highly unstructured and because smartphones are ubiquitous, they present a larger variability compared to pictures captured by a digital camera. To solve the need of organizing large smartphone photo collections automatically, we propose here a new methodology for hierarchical photo organization into topics and topic-related categories. Our approach successfully estimates latent topics in the pictures by applying probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis, and automatically assigns a name to each topic by relying on a lexical database. Topic-related categories are then estimated by using a set of topic-specific Convolutional Neuronal Networks. To validate our approach, we ensemble and make public a large dataset of more than 8,000 smartphone pictures from 10 persons. Experimental results demonstrate better user satisfaction with respect to state of the art solutions in terms of organization. |
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MILAB; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ LRD2018 |
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3111 |
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Author |
Md. Mostafa Kamal Sarker; Mohammed Jabreel; Hatem A. Rashwan; Syeda Furruka Banu; Petia Radeva; Domenec Puig |
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Title |
CuisineNet: Food Attributes Classification using Multi-scale Convolution Network |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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21st International Conference of the Catalan Association for Artificial Intelligence |
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365-372 |
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Diversity of food and its attributes represents the culinary habits of peoples from different countries. Thus, this paper addresses the problem of identifying food culture of people around the world and its flavor by classifying two main food attributes, cuisine and flavor. A deep learning model based on multi-scale convotuional networks is proposed for extracting more accurate features from input images. The aggregation of multi-scale convolution layers with different kernel size is also used for weighting the features results from different scales. In addition, a joint loss function based on Negative Log Likelihood (NLL) is used to fit the model probability to multi labeled classes for multi-modal classification task. Furthermore, this work provides a new dataset for food attributes, so-called Yummly48K, extracted from the popular food website, Yummly. Our model is assessed on the constructed Yummly48K dataset. The experimental results show that our proposed method yields 65% and 62% average F1 score on validation and test set which outperforming the state-of-the-art models. |
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Roses; catalonia; October 2018 |
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CCIA |
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MILAB; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ SJR2018 |
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3113 |
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Author |
Shanxin Yuan; Guillermo Garcia-Hernando; Bjorn Stenger; Gyeongsik Moon; Ju Yong Chang; Kyoung Mu Lee; Pavlo Molchanov; Jan Kautz; Sina Honari; Liuhao Ge; Junsong Yuan; Xinghao Chen; Guijin Wang; Fan Yang; Kai Akiyama; Yang Wu; Qingfu Wan; Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera; Shile Li; Dongheui Lee; Iason Oikonomidis; Antonis Argyros; Tae-Kyun Kim |
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Title |
Depth-Based 3D Hand Pose Estimation: From Current Achievements to Future Goals |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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31st IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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2636 - 2645 |
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Three-dimensional displays; Task analysis; Pose estimation; Two dimensional displays; Joints; Training; Solid modeling |
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In this paper, we strive to answer two questions: What is the current state of 3D hand pose estimation from depth images? And, what are the next challenges that need to be tackled? Following the successful Hands In the Million Challenge (HIM2017), we investigate the top 10 state-of-the-art methods on three tasks: single frame 3D pose estimation, 3D hand tracking, and hand pose estimation during object interaction. We analyze the performance of different CNN structures with regard to hand shape, joint visibility, view point and articulation distributions. Our findings include: (1) isolated 3D hand pose estimation achieves low mean errors (10 mm) in the view point range of [70, 120] degrees, but it is far from being solved for extreme view points; (2) 3D volumetric representations outperform 2D CNNs, better capturing the spatial structure of the depth data; (3) Discriminative methods still generalize poorly to unseen hand shapes; (4) While joint occlusions pose a challenge for most methods, explicit modeling of structure constraints can significantly narrow the gap between errors on visible and occluded joints. |
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Salt Lake City; USA; June 2018 |
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CVPR |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ YGS2018 |
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3115 |
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Author |
Albert Clapes; Ozan Bilici; Dariia Temirova; Egils Avots; Gholamreza Anbarjafari; Sergio Escalera |
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From apparent to real age: gender, age, ethnic, makeup, and expression bias analysis in real age estimation |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops |
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2373-2382 |
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Salt Lake City; USA; June 2018 |
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CVPRW |
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HUPBA |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ |
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3116 |
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Mohammad A. Haque; Ruben B. Bautista; Kamal Nasrollahi; Sergio Escalera; Christian B. Laursen; Ramin Irani; Ole K. Andersen; Erika G. Spaich; Kaustubh Kulkarni; Thomas B. Moeslund; Marco Bellantonio; Golamreza Anbarjafari; Fatemeh Noroozi |
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Title |
Deep Multimodal Pain Recognition: A Database and Comparision of Spatio-Temporal Visual Modalities, Faces and Gestures |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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13th IEEE Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition |
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250 - 257 |
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Pain is a symptom of many disorders associated with actual or potential tissue damage in human body. Managing pain is not only a duty but also highly cost prone. The most primitive state of pain management is the assessment of pain. Traditionally it was accomplished by self-report or visual inspection by experts. However, automatic pain assessment systems from facial videos are also rapidly evolving due to the need of managing pain in a robust and cost effective way. Among different challenges of automatic pain assessment from facial video data two issues are increasingly prevalent: first, exploiting both spatial and temporal information of the face to assess pain level, and second, incorporating multiple visual modalities to capture complementary face information related to pain. Most works in the literature focus on merely exploiting spatial information on chromatic (RGB) video data on shallow learning scenarios. However, employing deep learning techniques for spatio-temporal analysis considering Depth (D) and Thermal (T) along with RGB has high potential in this area. In this paper, we present the first state-of-the-art publicly available database, 'Multimodal Intensity Pain (MIntPAIN)' database, for RGBDT pain level recognition in sequences. We provide a first baseline results including 5 pain levels recognition by analyzing independent visual modalities and their fusion with CNN and LSTM models. From the experimental evaluation we observe that fusion of modalities helps to enhance recognition performance of pain levels in comparison to isolated ones. In particular, the combination of RGB, D, and T in an early fusion fashion achieved the best recognition rate. |
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Xian; China; May 2018 |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ HBN2018 |
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3117 |
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Rain Eric Haamer; Kaustubh Kulkarni; Nasrin Imanpour; Mohammad Ahsanul Haque; Egils Avots; Michelle Breisch; Kamal Nasrollahi; Sergio Escalera; Cagri Ozcinar; Xavier Baro; Ahmad R. Naghsh-Nilchi; Thomas B. Moeslund; Gholamreza Anbarjafari |
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Changes in Facial Expression as Biometric: A Database and Benchmarks of Identification |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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8th International Workshop on Human Behavior Understanding |
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Facial dynamics can be considered as unique signatures for discrimination between people. These have started to become important topic since many devices have the possibility of unlocking using face recognition or verification. In this work, we evaluate the efficacy of the transition frames of video in emotion as compared to the peak emotion frames for identification. For experiments with transition frames we extract features from each frame of the video from a fine-tuned VGG-Face Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and geometric features from facial landmark points. To model the temporal context of the transition frames we train a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) on the geometric and the CNN features. Furthermore, we employ two fusion strategies: first, an early fusion, in which the geometric and the CNN features are stacked and fed to the LSTM. Second, a late fusion, in which the prediction of the LSTMs, trained independently on the two features, are stacked and used with a Support Vector Machine (SVM). Experimental results show that the late fusion strategy gives the best results and the transition frames give better identification results as compared to the peak emotion frames. |
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Xian; China; May 2018 |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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Admin @ si @ HKI2018 |
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3118 |
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Mohammad N. S. Jahromi; Morten Bojesen Bonderup; Maryam Asadi-Aghbolaghi; Egils Avots; Kamal Nasrollahi; Sergio Escalera; Shohreh Kasaei; Thomas B. Moeslund; Gholamreza Anbarjafari |
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Automatic Access Control Based on Face and Hand Biometrics in a Non-cooperative Context |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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IEEE Winter Applications of Computer Vision Workshops |
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28-36 |
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IEEE Winter Applications of Computer Vision Workshops |
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Automatic access control systems (ACS) based on the human biometrics or physical tokens are widely employed in public and private areas. Yet these systems, in their conventional forms, are restricted to active interaction from the users. In scenarios where users are not cooperating with the system, these systems are challenged. Failure in cooperation with the biometric systems might be intentional or because the users are incapable of handling the interaction procedure with the biometric system or simply forget to cooperate with it, due to for example, illness like dementia. This work introduces a challenging bimodal database, including face and hand information of the users when they approach a door to open it by its handle in a noncooperative context. We have defined two (an easy and a challenging) protocols on how to use the database. We have reported results on many baseline methods, including deep learning techniques as well as conventional methods on the database. The obtained results show the merit of the proposed database and the challenging nature of access control with non-cooperative users. |
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Lake Tahoe; USA; March 2018 |
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WACVW |
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HUPBA; 602.133 |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ JBA2018 |
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3121 |
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