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Author Xavier Soria; Gonzalo Pomboza-Junez; Angel Sappa edit  doi
openurl 
  Title LDC: Lightweight Dense CNN for Edge Detection Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication IEEE Access Abbreviated Journal ACCESS  
  Volume 10 Issue Pages 68281-68290  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper presents a Lightweight Dense Convolutional (LDC) neural network for edge detection. The proposed model is an adaptation of two state-of-the-art approaches, but it requires less than 4% of parameters in comparison with these approaches. The proposed architecture generates thin edge maps and reaches the highest score (i.e., ODS) when compared with lightweight models (models with less than 1 million parameters), and reaches a similar performance when compare with heavy architectures (models with about 35 million parameters). Both quantitative and qualitative results and comparisons with state-of-the-art models, using different edge detection datasets, are provided. The proposed LDC does not use pre-trained weights and requires straightforward hyper-parameter settings. The source code is released at https://github.com/xavysp/LDC  
  Address 27 June 2022  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IEEE Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; MACO; 600.160; 600.167 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SPS2022 Serial 3751  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Daniel Rato; Miguel Oliveira; Vitor Santos; Manuel Gomes; Angel Sappa edit  doi
openurl 
  Title A sensor-to-pattern calibration framework for multi-modal industrial collaborative cells Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of Manufacturing Systems Abbreviated Journal JMANUFSYST  
  Volume 64 Issue Pages 497-507  
  Keywords Calibration; Collaborative cell; Multi-modal; Multi-sensor  
  Abstract Collaborative robotic industrial cells are workspaces where robots collaborate with human operators. In this context, safety is paramount, and for that a complete perception of the space where the collaborative robot is inserted is necessary. To ensure this, collaborative cells are equipped with a large set of sensors of multiple modalities, covering the entire work volume. However, the fusion of information from all these sensors requires an accurate extrinsic calibration. The calibration of such complex systems is challenging, due to the number of sensors and modalities, and also due to the small overlapping fields of view between the sensors, which are positioned to capture different viewpoints of the cell. This paper proposes a sensor to pattern methodology that can calibrate a complex system such as a collaborative cell in a single optimization procedure. Our methodology can tackle RGB and Depth cameras, as well as LiDARs. Results show that our methodology is able to accurately calibrate a collaborative cell containing three RGB cameras, a depth camera and three 3D LiDARs.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Science Direct Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ROS2022 Serial 3750  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Michael Teutsch; Angel Sappa; Riad I. Hammoud edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Cross-Spectral Image Processing Type Book Chapter
  Year 2022 Publication Computer Vision in the Infrared Spectrum. Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 23-34  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Although this book is on IR computer vision and its main focus lies on IR image and video processing and analysis, a special attention is dedicated to cross-spectral image processing due to the increasing number of publications and applications in this domain. In these cross-spectral frameworks, IR information is used together with information from other spectral bands to tackle some specific problems by developing more robust solutions. Tasks considered for cross-spectral processing are for instance dehazing, segmentation, vegetation index estimation, or face recognition. This increasing number of applications is motivated by cross- and multi-spectral camera setups available already on the market like for example smartphones, remote sensing multispectral cameras, or multi-spectral cameras for automotive systems or drones. In this chapter, different cross-spectral image processing techniques will be reviewed together with possible applications. Initially, image registration approaches for the cross-spectral case are reviewed: the registration stage is the first image processing task, which is needed to align images acquired by different sensors within the same reference coordinate system. Then, recent cross-spectral image colorization approaches, which are intended to colorize infrared images for different applications are presented. Finally, the cross-spectral image enhancement problem is tackled by including guided super resolution techniques, image dehazing approaches, cross-spectral filtering and edge detection. Figure 3.1 illustrates cross-spectral image processing stages as well as their possible connections. Table 3.1 presents some of the available public cross-spectral datasets generally used as reference data to evaluate cross-spectral image registration, colorization, enhancement, or exploitation results.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title SLCV  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-031-00698-2 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TSH2022b Serial 3805  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Michael Teutsch; Angel Sappa; Riad I. Hammoud edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Detection, Classification, and Tracking Type Book Chapter
  Year 2022 Publication Computer Vision in the Infrared Spectrum. Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 35-58  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Automatic image and video exploitation or content analysis is a technique to extract higher-level information from a scene such as objects, behavior, (inter-)actions, environment, or even weather conditions. The relevant information is assumed to be contained in the two-dimensional signal provided in an image (width and height in pixels) or the three-dimensional signal provided in a video (width, height, and time). But also intermediate-level information such as object classes [196], locations [197], or motion [198] can help applications to fulfill certain tasks such as intelligent compression [199], video summarization [200], or video retrieval [201]. Usually, videos with their temporal dimension are a richer source of data compared to single images [202] and thus certain video content can be extracted from videos only such as object motion or object behavior. Often, machine learning or nowadays deep learning techniques are utilized to model prior knowledge about object or scene appearance using labeled training samples [203, 204]. After a learning phase, these models are then applied in real world applications, which is called inference.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title SLCV  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-031-00698-2 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TSH2022c Serial 3806  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Michael Teutsch; Angel Sappa; Riad I. Hammoud edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Image and Video Enhancement Type Book Chapter
  Year 2022 Publication Computer Vision in the Infrared Spectrum. Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 9-21  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Image and video enhancement aims at improving the signal quality relative to imaging artifacts such as noise and blur or atmospheric perturbations such as turbulence and haze. It is usually performed in order to assist humans in analyzing image and video content or simply to present humans visually appealing images and videos. However, image and video enhancement can also be used as a preprocessing technique to ease the task and thus improve the performance of subsequent automatic image content analysis algorithms: preceding dehazing can improve object detection as shown by [23] or explicit turbulence modeling can improve moving object detection as discussed by [24]. But it remains an open question whether image and video enhancement should rather be performed explicitly as a preprocessing step or implicitly for example by feeding affected images directly to a neural network for image content analysis like object detection [25]. Especially for real-time video processing at low latency it can be better to handle image perturbation implicitly in order to minimize the processing time of an algorithm. This can be achieved by making algorithms for image content analysis robust or even invariant to perturbations such as noise or blur. Additionally, mistakes of an individual preprocessing module can obviously affect the quality of the entire processing pipeline.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title SLCV  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TSH2022a Serial 3807  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Jorge Charco; Angel Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla; Henry Velesaca edit   pdf
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Human Body Pose Estimation in Multi-view Environments Type Book Chapter
  Year 2022 Publication ICT Applications for Smart Cities. Intelligent Systems Reference Library Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 224 Issue Pages 79-99  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This chapter tackles the challenging problem of human pose estimation in multi-view environments to handle scenes with self-occlusions. The proposed approach starts by first estimating the camera pose—extrinsic parameters—in multi-view scenarios; due to few real image datasets, different virtual scenes are generated by using a special simulator, for training and testing the proposed convolutional neural network based approaches. Then, these extrinsic parameters are used to establish the relation between different cameras into the multi-view scheme, which captures the pose of the person from different points of view at the same time. The proposed multi-view scheme allows to robustly estimate human body joints’ position even in situations where they are occluded. This would help to avoid possible false alarms in behavioral analysis systems of smart cities, as well as applications for physical therapy, safe moving assistance for the elderly among other. The chapter concludes by presenting experimental results in real scenes by using state-of-the-art and the proposed multi-view approaches.  
  Address September 2022  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title ISRL  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-031-06306-0 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CSV2022b Serial 3810  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Henry Velesaca; Patricia Suarez; Dario Carpio; Rafael E. Rivadeneira; Angel Sanchez; Angel Morera edit   pdf
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Video Analytics in Urban Environments: Challenges and Approaches Type Book Chapter
  Year 2022 Publication ICT Applications for Smart Cities Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 224 Issue Pages 101-121  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This chapter reviews state-of-the-art approaches generally present in the pipeline of video analytics on urban scenarios. A typical pipeline is used to cluster approaches in the literature, including image preprocessing, object detection, object classification, and object tracking modules. Then, a review of recent approaches for each module is given. Additionally, applications and datasets generally used for training and evaluating the performance of these approaches are included. This chapter does not pretend to be an exhaustive review of state-of-the-art video analytics in urban environments but rather an illustration of some of the different recent contributions. The chapter concludes by presenting current trends in video analytics in the urban scenario field.  
  Address September 2022  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title ISRL  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-031-06306-0 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ VSC2022 Serial 3811  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Angel Sappa (ed) edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title ICT Applications for Smart Cities Type Book Whole
  Year 2022 Publication ICT Applications for Smart Cities Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 224 Issue Pages  
  Keywords Computational Intelligence; Intelligent Systems; Smart Cities; ICT Applications; Machine Learning; Pattern Recognition; Computer Vision; Image Processing  
  Abstract Part of the book series: Intelligent Systems Reference Library (ISRL)

This book is the result of four-year work in the framework of the Ibero-American Research Network TICs4CI funded by the CYTED program. In the following decades, 85% of the world's population is expected to live in cities; hence, urban centers should be prepared to provide smart solutions for problems ranging from video surveillance and intelligent mobility to the solid waste recycling processes, just to mention a few. More specifically, the book describes underlying technologies and practical implementations of several successful case studies of ICTs developed in the following smart city areas:

• Urban environment monitoring
• Intelligent mobility
• Waste recycling processes
• Video surveillance
• Computer-aided diagnose in healthcare systems
• Computer vision-based approaches for efficiency in production processes

The book is intended for researchers and engineers in the field of ICTs for smart cities, as well as to anyone who wants to know about state-of-the-art approaches and challenges on this field.
 
  Address September 2022  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor Angel Sappa  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title ISRL  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-031-06306-0 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Sap2022 Serial 3812  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Rafael E. Rivadeneira; Angel Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla; Lin Guo; Jiankun Hou; Armin Mehri; Parichehr Behjati Ardakani; Heena Patel; Vishal Chudasama; Kalpesh Prajapati; Kishor P. Upla; Raghavendra Ramachandra; Kiran Raja; Christoph Busch; Feras Almasri; Olivier Debeir; Sabari Nathan; Priya Kansal; Nolan Gutierrez; Bardia Mojra; William J. Beksi edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Thermal Image Super-Resolution Challenge – PBVS 2020 Type Conference Article
  Year 2020 Publication 16h IEEE Workshop on Perception Beyond the Visible Spectrum Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper summarizes the top contributions to the first challenge on thermal image super-resolution (TISR), which was organized as part of the Perception Beyond the Visible Spectrum (PBVS) 2020 workshop. In this challenge, a novel thermal image dataset is considered together with state-of-the-art approaches evaluated under a common framework. The dataset used in the challenge consists of 1021 thermal images, obtained from three distinct thermal cameras at different resolutions (low-resolution, mid-resolution, and high-resolution), resulting in a total of 3063 thermal images. From each resolution, 951 images are used for training and 50 for testing while the 20 remaining images are used for two proposed evaluations. The first evaluation consists of downsampling the low-resolution, mid-resolution, and high-resolution thermal images by x2, x3 and x4 respectively, and comparing their super-resolution results with the corresponding ground truth images. The second evaluation is comprised of obtaining the x2 super-resolution from a given mid-resolution thermal image and comparing it with the corresponding semi-registered high-resolution thermal image. Out of 51 registered participants, 6 teams reached the final validation phase.  
  Address Virtual CVPR  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPRW  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; ISE; 600.119; 600.122 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RSV2020 Serial 3431  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Rafael E. Rivadeneira; Angel Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Multi-Image Super-Resolution for Thermal Images Type Conference Article
  Year 2022 Publication 17th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications (VISAPP 2022) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 4 Issue Pages 635-642  
  Keywords Thermal Images; Multi-view; Multi-frame; Super-Resolution; Deep Learning; Attention Block  
  Abstract This paper proposes a novel CNN architecture for the multi-thermal image super-resolution problem. In the proposed scheme, the multi-images are synthetically generated by downsampling and slightly shifting the given image; noise is also added to each of these synthesized images. The proposed architecture uses two
attention blocks paths to extract high-frequency details taking advantage of the large information extracted from multiple images of the same scene. Experimental results are provided, showing the proposed scheme has overcome the state-of-the-art approaches.
 
  Address Online; Feb 6-8, 2022  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference VISAPP  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; 601.349 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RSV2022a Serial 3690  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Henry Velesaca; Patricia Suarez; Angel Sappa; Dario Carpio; Rafael E. Rivadeneira; Angel Sanchez edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Review on Common Techniques for Urban Environment Video Analytics Type Conference Article
  Year 2022 Publication Anais do III Workshop Brasileiro de Cidades Inteligentes Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 107-118  
  Keywords Video Analytics; Review; Urban Environments; Smart Cities  
  Abstract This work compiles the different computer vision-based approaches
from the state-of-the-art intended for video analytics in urban environments.
The manuscript groups the different approaches according to the typical modules present in video analysis, including image preprocessing, object detection,
classification, and tracking. This proposed pipeline serves as a basic guide to
representing these most representative approaches in this topic of video analysis
that will be addressed in this work. Furthermore, the manuscript is not intended
to be an exhaustive review of the most advanced approaches, but only a list of
common techniques proposed to address recurring problems in this field.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference WBCI  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; 601.349 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ VSS2022 Serial 3773  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Jorge Charco; Angel Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla edit   pdf
url  isbn
openurl 
  Title Human Pose Estimation through a Novel Multi-view Scheme Type Conference Article
  Year 2022 Publication 17th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications (VISAPP 2022) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 5 Issue Pages 855-862  
  Keywords Multi-view Scheme; Human Pose Estimation; Relative Camera Pose; Monocular Approach  
  Abstract This paper presents a multi-view scheme to tackle the challenging problem of the self-occlusion in human pose estimation problem. The proposed approach first obtains the human body joints of a set of images, which are captured from different views at the same time. Then, it enhances the obtained joints by using a
multi-view scheme. Basically, the joints from a given view are used to enhance poorly estimated joints from another view, especially intended to tackle the self occlusions cases. A network architecture initially proposed for the monocular case is adapted to be used in the proposed multi-view scheme. Experimental results and
comparisons with the state-of-the-art approaches on Human3.6m dataset are presented showing improvements in the accuracy of body joints estimations.
 
  Address On line; Feb 6, 2022 – Feb 8, 2022  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2184-4321 ISBN 978-989-758-555-5 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference VISAPP  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; 600.160 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CSV2022 Serial 3689  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Rafael E. Rivadeneira; Patricia Suarez; Angel Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Thermal Image SuperResolution Through Deep Convolutional Neural Network Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication 16th International Conference on Images Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 417-426  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Due to the lack of thermal image datasets, a new dataset has been acquired for proposed a super-resolution approach using a Deep Convolution Neural Network schema. In order to achieve this image enhancement process, a new thermal images dataset is used. Different experiments have been carried out, firstly, the proposed architecture has been trained using only images of the visible spectrum, and later it has been trained with images of the thermal spectrum, the results showed that with the network trained with thermal images, better results are obtained in the process of enhancing the images, maintaining the image details and perspective. The thermal dataset is available at http://www.
cidis.espol.edu.ec/es/dataset.
 
  Address Waterloo; Canada; August 2019  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICIAR  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; 600.130; 601.349; 600.122 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RSS2019 Serial 3269  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Armin Mehri; Angel Sappa edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Colorizing Near Infrared Images through a Cyclic Adversarial Approach of Unpaired Samples Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition-Workshops Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper presents a novel approach for colorizing near infrared (NIR) images. The approach is based on image-to-image translation using a Cycle-Consistent adversarial network for learning the color channels on unpaired dataset. This architecture is able to handle unpaired datasets. The approach uses as generators tailored networks that require less computation times, converge faster and generate high quality samples. The obtained results have been quantitatively—using standard evaluation metrics—and qualitatively evaluated showing considerable improvements with respect to the state of the art  
  Address Long beach; California; USA; June 2019  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPRW  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; 600.130; 601.349; 600.122 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MeS2019 Serial 3271  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Patricia Suarez; Angel Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla; Riad I. Hammoud edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Image Vegetation Index through a Cycle Generative Adversarial Network Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition-Workshops Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper proposes a novel approach to estimate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) just from an RGB image. The NDVI values are obtained by using images from the visible spectral band together with a synthetic near infrared image obtained by a cycled GAN. The cycled GAN network is able to obtain a NIR image from a given gray scale image. It is trained by using unpaired set of gray scale and NIR images by using a U-net architecture and a multiple loss function (gray scale images are obtained from the provided RGB images). Then, the NIR image estimated with the proposed cycle generative adversarial network is used to compute the NDVI index. Experimental results are provided showing the validity of the proposed approach. Additionally, comparisons with previous approaches are also provided.  
  Address Long beach; California; USA; June 2019  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPRW  
  Notes (down) MSIAU; 600.130; 601.349; 600.122 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SSV2019 Serial 3272  
Permanent link to this record
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