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Author Ozan Caglayan; Walid Aransa; Adrien Bardet; Mercedes Garcia-Martinez; Fethi Bougares; Loic Barrault; Marc Masana; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title LIUM-CVC Submissions for WMT17 Multimodal Translation Task Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication 2nd Conference on Machine Translation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper describes the monomodal and multimodal Neural Machine Translation systems developed by LIUM and CVC for WMT17 Shared Task on Multimodal Translation. We mainly explored two multimodal architectures where either global visual features or convolutional feature maps are integrated in order to benefit from visual context. Our final systems ranked first for both En-De and En-Fr language pairs according to the automatic evaluation metrics METEOR and BLEU.  
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  Area Expedition Conference WMT  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CAB2017 Serial 3035  
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Author Ozan Caglayan; Adrien Bardet; Fethi Bougares; Loic Barrault; Kai Wang; Marc Masana; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title LIUM-CVC Submissions for WMT18 Multimodal Translation Task Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 3rd Conference on Machine Translation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper describes the multimodal Neural Machine Translation systems developed by LIUM and CVC for WMT18 Shared Task on Multimodal Translation. This year we propose several modifications to our previou multimodal attention architecture in order to better integrate convolutional features and refine them using encoder-side information. Our final constrained submissions
ranked first for English→French and second for English→German language pairs among the constrained submissions according to the automatic evaluation metric METEOR.
 
  Address Brussels; Belgium; October 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference WMT  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CBB2018 Serial 3240  
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Author Muhammad Anwer Rao; Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Joost Van de Weijer; Jorma Laaksonen edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Tex-Nets: Binary Patterns Encoded Convolutional Neural Networks for Texture Recognition Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication 19th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Convolutional Neural Networks; Texture Recognition; Local Binary Paterns  
  Abstract Recognizing materials and textures in realistic imaging conditions is a challenging computer vision problem. For many years, local features based orderless representations were a dominant approach for texture recognition. Recently deep local features, extracted from the intermediate layers of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), are used as filter banks. These dense local descriptors from a deep model, when encoded with Fisher Vectors, have shown to provide excellent results for texture recognition. The CNN models, employed in such approaches, take RGB patches as input and train on a large amount of labeled images. We show that CNN models, which we call TEX-Nets, trained using mapped coded images with explicit texture information provide complementary information to the standard deep models trained on RGB patches. We further investigate two deep architectures, namely early and late fusion, to combine the texture and color information. Experiments on benchmark texture datasets clearly demonstrate that TEX-Nets provide complementary information to standard RGB deep network. Our approach provides a large gain of 4.8%, 3.5%, 2.6% and 4.1% respectively in accuracy on the DTD, KTH-TIPS-2a, KTH-TIPS-2b and Texture-10 datasets, compared to the standard RGB network of the same architecture. Further, our final combination leads to consistent improvements over the state-of-the-art on all four datasets.  
  Address Glasgow; Scothland; November 2017  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Area Expedition Conference ACM  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.068; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RKW2017 Serial 3038  
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Author Muhammad Anwer Rao; Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Joost Van de Weijer; Jorma Laaksonen edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Top-Down Deep Appearance Attention for Action Recognition Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication 20th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 10269 Issue Pages 297-309  
  Keywords Action recognition; CNNs; Feature fusion  
  Abstract Recognizing human actions in videos is a challenging problem in computer vision. Recently, convolutional neural network based deep features have shown promising results for action recognition. In this paper, we investigate the problem of fusing deep appearance and motion cues for action recognition. We propose a video representation which combines deep appearance and motion based local convolutional features within the bag-of-deep-features framework. Firstly, dense deep appearance and motion based local convolutional features are extracted from spatial (RGB) and temporal (flow) networks, respectively. Both visual cues are processed in parallel by constructing separate visual vocabularies for appearance and motion. A category-specific appearance map is then learned to modulate the weights of the deep motion features. The proposed representation is discriminative and binds the deep local convolutional features to their spatial locations. Experiments are performed on two challenging datasets: JHMDB dataset with 21 action classes and ACT dataset with 43 categories. The results clearly demonstrate that our approach outperforms both standard approaches of early and late feature fusion. Further, our approach is only employing action labels and without exploiting body part information, but achieves competitive performance compared to the state-of-the-art deep features based approaches.  
  Address Tromso; June 2017  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference SCIA  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.068; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RKW2017b Serial 3039  
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Author Aitor Alvarez-Gila; Joost Van de Weijer; Estibaliz Garrote edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Adversarial Networks for Spatial Context-Aware Spectral Image Reconstruction from RGB Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication 1st International Workshop on Physics Based Vision meets Deep Learning Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Hyperspectral signal reconstruction aims at recovering the original spectral input that produced a certain trichromatic (RGB) response from a capturing device or observer.
Given the heavily underconstrained, non-linear nature of the problem, traditional techniques leverage different statistical properties of the spectral signal in order to build informative priors from real world object reflectances for constructing such RGB to spectral signal mapping. However,
most of them treat each sample independently, and thus do not benefit from the contextual information that the spatial dimensions can provide. We pose hyperspectral natural image reconstruction as an image to image mapping learning problem, and apply a conditional generative adversarial framework to help capture spatial semantics. This is the first time Convolutional Neural Networks -and, particularly, Generative Adversarial Networks- are used to solve this task. Quantitative evaluation shows a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) drop of 44:7% and a Relative RMSE drop of 47:0% on the ICVL natural hyperspectral image dataset.
 
  Address Venice; Italy; October 2017  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICCV-PBDL  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ AWG2017 Serial 2969  
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Author Yaxing Wang; Chenshen Wu; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer; Abel Gonzalez-Garcia; Bogdan Raducanu edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Transferring GANs: generating images from limited data Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 15th European Conference on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 11210 Issue Pages 220-236  
  Keywords Generative adversarial networks; Transfer learning; Domain adaptation; Image generation  
  Abstract ransferring knowledge of pre-trained networks to new domains by means of fine-tuning is a widely used practice for applications based on discriminative models. To the best of our knowledge this practice has not been studied within the context of generative deep networks. Therefore, we study domain adaptation applied to image generation with generative adversarial networks. We evaluate several aspects of domain adaptation, including the impact of target domain size, the relative distance between source and target domain, and the initialization of conditional GANs. Our results show that using knowledge from pre-trained networks can shorten the convergence time and can significantly improve the quality of the generated images, especially when target data is limited. We show that these conclusions can also be drawn for conditional GANs even when the pre-trained model was trained without conditioning. Our results also suggest that density is more important than diversity and a dataset with one or few densely sampled classes is a better source model than more diverse datasets such as ImageNet or Places.  
  Address Munich; September 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ECCV  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ WWH2018a Serial 3130  
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Author Yaxing Wang; Joost Van de Weijer; Luis Herranz edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Mix and match networks: encoder-decoder alignment for zero-pair image translation Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 31st IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 5467 - 5476  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We address the problem of image translation between domains or modalities for which no direct paired data is available (i.e. zero-pair translation). We propose mix and match networks, based on multiple encoders and decoders aligned in such a way that other encoder-decoder pairs can be composed at test time to perform unseen image translation tasks between domains or modalities for which explicit paired samples were not seen during training. We study the impact of autoencoders, side information and losses in improving the alignment and transferability of trained pairwise translation models to unseen translations. We show our approach is scalable and can perform colorization and style transfer between unseen combinations of domains. We evaluate our system in a challenging cross-modal setting where semantic segmentation is estimated from depth images, without explicit access to any depth-semantic segmentation training pairs. Our model outperforms baselines based on pix2pix and CycleGAN models.  
  Address Salt Lake City; USA; June 2018  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPR  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ WWH2018b Serial 3131  
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Author Muhammad Anwer Rao; Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Joost Van de Weijer; Matthieu Molinier; Jorma Laaksonen edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Binary patterns encoded convolutional neural networks for texture recognition and remote sensing scene classification Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Abbreviated Journal ISPRS J  
  Volume 138 Issue Pages 74-85  
  Keywords Remote sensing; Deep learning; Scene classification; Local Binary Patterns; Texture analysis  
  Abstract Designing discriminative powerful texture features robust to realistic imaging conditions is a challenging computer vision problem with many applications, including material recognition and analysis of satellite or aerial imagery. In the past, most texture description approaches were based on dense orderless statistical distribution of local features. However, most recent approaches to texture recognition and remote sensing scene classification are based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The de facto practice when learning these CNN models is to use RGB patches as input with training performed on large amounts of labeled data (ImageNet). In this paper, we show that Local Binary Patterns (LBP) encoded CNN models, codenamed TEX-Nets, trained using mapped coded images with explicit LBP based texture information provide complementary information to the standard RGB deep models. Additionally, two deep architectures, namely early and late fusion, are investigated to combine the texture and color information. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to investigate Binary Patterns encoded CNNs and different deep network fusion architectures for texture recognition and remote sensing scene classification. We perform comprehensive experiments on four texture recognition datasets and four remote sensing scene classification benchmarks: UC-Merced with 21 scene categories, WHU-RS19 with 19 scene classes, RSSCN7 with 7 categories and the recently introduced large scale aerial image dataset (AID) with 30 aerial scene types. We demonstrate that TEX-Nets provide complementary information to standard RGB deep model of the same network architecture. Our late fusion TEX-Net architecture always improves the overall performance compared to the standard RGB network on both recognition problems. Furthermore, our final combination leads to consistent improvement over the state-of-the-art for remote sensing scene  
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  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RKW2018 Serial 3158  
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Author Xialei Liu; Joost Van de Weijer; Andrew Bagdanov edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Leveraging Unlabeled Data for Crowd Counting by Learning to Rank Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 31st IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 7661 - 7669  
  Keywords Task analysis; Training; Computer vision; Visualization; Estimation; Head; Context modeling  
  Abstract We propose a novel crowd counting approach that leverages abundantly available unlabeled crowd imagery in a learning-to-rank framework. To induce a ranking of
cropped images , we use the observation that any sub-image of a crowded scene image is guaranteed to contain the same number or fewer persons than the super-image. This allows us to address the problem of limited size of existing
datasets for crowd counting. We collect two crowd scene datasets from Google using keyword searches and queryby-example image retrieval, respectively. We demonstrate how to efficiently learn from these unlabeled datasets by incorporating learning-to-rank in a multi-task network which simultaneously ranks images and estimates crowd density maps. Experiments on two of the most challenging crowd counting datasets show that our approach obtains state-ofthe-art results.
 
  Address Salt Lake City; USA; June 2018  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPR  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ LWB2018 Serial 3159  
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Author Xialei Liu; Joost Van de Weijer; Andrew Bagdanov edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Exploiting Unlabeled Data in CNNs by Self-Supervised Learning to Rank Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI  
  Volume 41 Issue 8 Pages 1862-1878  
  Keywords Task analysis;Training;Image quality;Visualization;Uncertainty;Labeling;Neural networks;Learning from rankings;image quality assessment;crowd counting;active learning  
  Abstract For many applications the collection of labeled data is expensive laborious. Exploitation of unlabeled data during training is thus a long pursued objective of machine learning. Self-supervised learning addresses this by positing an auxiliary task (different, but related to the supervised task) for which data is abundantly available. In this paper, we show how ranking can be used as a proxy task for some regression problems. As another contribution, we propose an efficient backpropagation technique for Siamese networks which prevents the redundant computation introduced by the multi-branch network architecture. We apply our framework to two regression problems: Image Quality Assessment (IQA) and Crowd Counting. For both we show how to automatically generate ranked image sets from unlabeled data. Our results show that networks trained to regress to the ground truth targets for labeled data and to simultaneously learn to rank unlabeled data obtain significantly better, state-of-the-art results for both IQA and crowd counting. In addition, we show that measuring network uncertainty on the self-supervised proxy task is a good measure of informativeness of unlabeled data. This can be used to drive an algorithm for active learning and we show that this reduces labeling effort by up to 50 percent.  
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  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number LWB2019 Serial 3267  
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Author Yaxing Wang; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Mix and match networks: multi-domain alignment for unpaired image-to-image translation Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication International Journal of Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal IJCV  
  Volume 128 Issue Pages 2849–2872  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper addresses the problem of inferring unseen cross-modal image-to-image translations between multiple modalities. We assume that only some of the pairwise translations have been seen (i.e. trained) and infer the remaining unseen translations (where training pairs are not available). We propose mix and match networks, an approach where multiple encoders and decoders are aligned in such a way that the desired translation can be obtained by simply cascading the source encoder and the target decoder, even when they have not interacted during the training stage (i.e. unseen). The main challenge lies in the alignment of the latent representations at the bottlenecks of encoder-decoder pairs. We propose an architecture with several tools to encourage alignment, including autoencoders and robust side information and latent consistency losses. We show the benefits of our approach in terms of effectiveness and scalability compared with other pairwise image-to-image translation approaches. We also propose zero-pair cross-modal image translation, a challenging setting where the objective is inferring semantic segmentation from depth (and vice-versa) without explicit segmentation-depth pairs, and only from two (disjoint) segmentation-RGB and depth-RGB training sets. We observe that a certain part of the shared information between unseen modalities might not be reachable, so we further propose a variant that leverages pseudo-pairs which allows us to exploit this shared information between the unseen modalities  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.141; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ WHW2020 Serial 3424  
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Author Aymen Azaza; Joost Van de Weijer; Ali Douik; Marc Masana edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Context Proposals for Saliency Detection Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Computer Vision and Image Understanding Abbreviated Journal CVIU  
  Volume 174 Issue Pages 1-11  
  Keywords  
  Abstract One of the fundamental properties of a salient object region is its contrast
with the immediate context. The problem is that numerous object regions
exist which potentially can all be salient. One way to prevent an exhaustive
search over all object regions is by using object proposal algorithms. These
return a limited set of regions which are most likely to contain an object. Several saliency estimation methods have used object proposals. However, they focus on the saliency of the proposal only, and the importance of its immediate context has not been evaluated.
In this paper, we aim to improve salient object detection. Therefore, we extend object proposal methods with context proposals, which allow to incorporate the immediate context in the saliency computation. We propose several saliency features which are computed from the context proposals. In the experiments, we evaluate five object proposal methods for the task of saliency segmentation, and find that Multiscale Combinatorial Grouping outperforms the others. Furthermore, experiments show that the proposed context features improve performance, and that our method matches results on the FT datasets and obtains competitive results on three other datasets (PASCAL-S, MSRA-B and ECSSD).
 
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  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.109; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ AWD2018 Serial 3241  
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Author Rada Deeb; Damien Muselet; Mathieu Hebert; Alain Tremeau; Joost Van de Weijer edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title 3D color charts for camera spectral sensitivity estimation Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication 28th British Machine Vision Conference Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Estimating spectral data such as camera sensor responses or illuminant spectral power distribution from raw RGB camera outputs is crucial in many computer vision applications.
Usually, 2D color charts with various patches of known spectral reflectance are
used as reference for such purpose. Deducing n-D spectral data (n»3) from 3D RGB inputs is an ill-posed problem that requires a high number of inputs. Unfortunately, most of the natural color surfaces have spectral reflectances that are well described by low-dimensional linear models, i.e. each spectral reflectance can be approximated by a weighted sum of the others. It has been shown that adding patches to color charts does not help in practice, because the information they add is redundant with the information provided by the first set of patches. In this paper, we propose to use spectral data of
higher dimensionality by using 3D color charts that create inter-reflections between the surfaces. These inter-reflections produce multiplications between natural spectral curves and so provide non-linear spectral curves. We show that such data provide enough information for accurate spectral data estimation.
 
  Address London; September 2017  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference BMVC  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DMH2017b Serial 3037  
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Author Maria Elena Meza-de-Luna; Juan Ramon Terven Salinas; Bogdan Raducanu; Joaquin Salas edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title A Social-Aware Assistant to support individuals with visual impairments during social interaction: A systematic requirements analysis Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication International Journal of Human-Computer Studies Abbreviated Journal IJHC  
  Volume 122 Issue Pages 50-60  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Visual impairment affects the normal course of activities in everyday life including mobility, education, employment, and social interaction. Most of the existing technical solutions devoted to empowering the visually impaired people are in the areas of navigation (obstacle avoidance), access to printed information and object recognition. Less effort has been dedicated so far in developing solutions to support social interactions. In this paper, we introduce a Social-Aware Assistant (SAA) that provides visually impaired people with cues to enhance their face-to-face conversations. The system consists of a perceptive component (represented by smartglasses with an embedded video camera) and a feedback component (represented by a haptic belt). When the vision system detects a head nodding, the belt vibrates, thus suggesting the user to replicate (mirror) the gesture. In our experiments, sighted persons interacted with blind people wearing the SAA. We instructed the former to mirror the noddings according to the vibratory signal, while the latter interacted naturally. After the face-to-face conversation, the participants had an interview to express their experience regarding the use of this new technological assistant. With the data collected during the experiment, we have assessed quantitatively and qualitatively the device usefulness and user satisfaction.  
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  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MTR2019 Serial 3142  
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Author Marco Buzzelli; Joost Van de Weijer; Raimondo Schettini edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Learning Illuminant Estimation from Object Recognition Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 25th International Conference on Image Processing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 3234 - 3238  
  Keywords Illuminant estimation; computational color constancy; semi-supervised learning; deep learning; convolutional neural networks  
  Abstract In this paper we present a deep learning method to estimate the illuminant of an image. Our model is not trained with illuminant annotations, but with the objective of improving performance on an auxiliary task such as object recognition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a deep
learning architecture for illuminant estimation that is trained without ground truth illuminants. We evaluate our solution on standard datasets for color constancy, and compare it with state of the art methods. Our proposal is shown to outperform most deep learning methods in a cross-dataset evaluation
setup, and to present competitive results in a comparison with parametric solutions.
 
  Address Athens; Greece; October 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICIP  
  Notes (up) LAMP; 600.109; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BWS2018 Serial 3157  
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