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Author |
Oscar Lopes; Miguel Reyes; Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Spherical Blurred Shape Model for 3-D Object and Pose Recognition: Quantitative Analysis and HCI Applications in Smart Environments |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (Part B) |
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TSMCB |
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44 |
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12 |
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2379-2390 |
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The use of depth maps is of increasing interest after the advent of cheap multisensor devices based on structured light, such as Kinect. In this context, there is a strong need of powerful 3-D shape descriptors able to generate rich object representations. Although several 3-D descriptors have been already proposed in the literature, the research of discriminative and computationally efficient descriptors is still an open issue. In this paper, we propose a novel point cloud descriptor called spherical blurred shape model (SBSM) that successfully encodes the structure density and local variabilities of an object based on shape voxel distances and a neighborhood propagation strategy. The proposed SBSM is proven to be rotation and scale invariant, robust to noise and occlusions, highly discriminative for multiple categories of complex objects like the human hand, and computationally efficient since the SBSM complexity is linear to the number of object voxels. Experimental evaluation in public depth multiclass object data, 3-D facial expressions data, and a novel hand poses data sets show significant performance improvements in relation to state-of-the-art approaches. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposal is also proved for object spotting in 3-D scenes and for real-time automatic hand pose recognition in human computer interaction scenarios. |
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2168-2267 |
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HuPBA; ISE; 600.078;MILAB |
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Admin @ si @ LRE2014 |
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2442 |
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Author |
Xavier Perez Sala; Sergio Escalera; Cecilio Angulo; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
A survey on model based approaches for 2D and 3D visual human pose recovery |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Sensors |
Abbreviated Journal |
SENS |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
3 |
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4189-4210 |
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Keywords |
human pose recovery; human body modelling; behavior analysis; computer vision |
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Human Pose Recovery has been studied in the field of Computer Vision for the last 40 years. Several approaches have been reported, and significant improvements have been obtained in both data representation and model design. However, the problem of Human Pose Recovery in uncontrolled environments is far from being solved. In this paper, we define a general taxonomy to group model based approaches for Human Pose Recovery, which is composed of five main modules: appearance, viewpoint, spatial relations, temporal consistence, and behavior. Subsequently, a methodological comparison is performed following the proposed taxonomy, evaluating current SoA approaches in the aforementioned five group categories. As a result of this comparison, we discuss the main advantages and drawbacks of the reviewed literature. |
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HuPBA; ISE; 600.046; 600.063; 600.078;MILAB |
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Admin @ si @ PEA2014 |
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2443 |
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Author |
Frederic Sampedro; Anna Domenech; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Obtaining quantitative global tumoral state indicators based on whole-body PET/CT scans: A breast cancer case study |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Nuclear Medicine Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
NMC |
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Volume |
35 |
Issue |
4 |
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362-371 |
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Objectives: In this work we address the need for the computation of quantitative global tumoral state indicators from oncological whole-body PET/computed tomography scans. The combination of such indicators with other oncological information such as tumor markers or biopsy results would prove useful in oncological decision-making scenarios.
Materials and methods: From an ordering of 100 breast cancer patients on the basis of oncological state through visual analysis by a consensus of nuclear medicine specialists, a set of numerical indicators computed from image analysis of the PET/computed tomography scan is presented, which attempts to summarize a patient’s oncological state in a quantitative manner taking into consideration the total tumor volume, aggressiveness, and spread.
Results: Results obtained by comparative analysis of the proposed indicators with respect to the experts’ evaluation show up to 87% Pearson’s correlation coefficient when providing expert-guided PET metabolic tumor volume segmentation and 64% correlation when using completely automatic image analysis techniques.
Conclusion: Global quantitative tumor information obtained by whole-body PET/CT image analysis can prove useful in clinical nuclear medicine settings and oncological decision-making scenarios. The completely automatic computation of such indicators would improve its impact as time efficiency and specialist independence would be achieved. |
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HuPBA;MILAB |
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SDE2014a |
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2444 |
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Author |
Mohammad Ali Bagheri; Qigang Gao; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Generic Subclass Ensemble: A Novel Approach to Ensemble Classification |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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1254 - 1259 |
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Multiple classifier systems, also known as classifier ensembles, have received great attention in recent years because of their improved classification accuracy in different applications. In this paper, we propose a new general approach to ensemble classification, named generic subclass ensemble, in which each base classifier is trained with data belonging to a subset of classes, and thus discriminates among a subset of target categories. The ensemble classifiers are then fused using a combination rule. The proposed approach differs from existing methods that manipulate the target attribute, since in our approach individual classification problems are not restricted to two-class problems. We perform a series of experiments to evaluate the efficiency of the generic subclass approach on a set of benchmark datasets. Experimental results with multilayer perceptrons show that the proposed approach presents a viable alternative to the most commonly used ensemble classification approaches. |
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Stockholm; August 2014 |
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1051-4651 |
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ICPR |
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HuPBA;MILAB |
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Admin @ si @ BGE2014b |
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2445 |
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Author |
Mohammad Ali Bagheri; Gang Hu; Qigang Gao; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
A Framework of Multi-Classifier Fusion for Human Action Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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1260 - 1265 |
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The performance of different action-recognition methods using skeleton joint locations have been recently studied by several computer vision researchers. However, the potential improvement in classification through classifier fusion by ensemble-based methods has remained unattended. In this work, we evaluate the performance of an ensemble of five action learning techniques, each performing the recognition task from a different perspective. The underlying rationale of the fusion approach is that different learners employ varying structures of input descriptors/features to be trained. These varying structures cannot be attached and used by a single learner. In addition, combining the outputs of several learners can reduce the risk of an unfortunate selection of a poorly performing learner. This leads to having a more robust and general-applicable framework. Also, we propose two simple, yet effective, action description techniques. In order to improve the recognition performance, a powerful combination strategy is utilized based on the Dempster-Shafer theory, which can effectively make use of diversity of base learners trained on different sources of information. The recognition results of the individual classifiers are compared with those obtained from fusing the classifiers' output, showing advanced performance of the proposed methodology. |
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Stockholm; Sweden; August 2014 |
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1051-4651 |
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ICPR |
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HuPBA;MILAB |
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Admin @ si @ BHG2014 |
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2446 |
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Author |
Jorge Bernal; Fernando Vilariño; F. Javier Sanchez; M. Arnold; Anarta Ghosh; Gerard Lacey |
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Title |
Experts vs Novices: Applying Eye-tracking Methodologies in Colonoscopy Video Screening for Polyp Search |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
2014 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications |
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223-226 |
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We present in this paper a novel study aiming at identifying the differences in visual search patterns between physicians of diverse levels of expertise during the screening of colonoscopy videos. Physicians were clustered into two groups -experts and novices- according to the number of procedures performed, and fixations were captured by an eye-tracker device during the task of polyp search in different video sequences. These fixations were integrated into heat maps, one for each cluster. The obtained maps were validated over a ground truth consisting of a mask of the polyp, and the comparison between experts and novices was performed by using metrics such as reaction time, dwelling time and energy concentration ratio. Experimental results show a statistically significant difference between experts and novices, and the obtained maps show to be a useful tool for the characterisation of the behaviour of each group. |
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USA; March 2014 |
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978-1-4503-2751-0 |
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ETRA |
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MV; 600.047; 600.060;SIAI |
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Admin @ si @ BVS2014 |
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2448 |
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Author |
Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Joost Van de Weijer; Andrew Bagdanov; Michael Felsberg |
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Title |
Scale Coding Bag-of-Words for Action Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
Publication |
22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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1514-1519 |
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Recognizing human actions in still images is a challenging problem in computer vision due to significant amount of scale, illumination and pose variation. Given the bounding box of a person both at training and test time, the task is to classify the action associated with each bounding box in an image.
Most state-of-the-art methods use the bag-of-words paradigm for action recognition. The bag-of-words framework employing a dense multi-scale grid sampling strategy is the de facto standard for feature detection. This results in a scale invariant image representation where all the features at multiple-scales are binned in a single histogram. We argue that such a scale invariant
strategy is sub-optimal since it ignores the multi-scale information
available with each bounding box of a person.
This paper investigates alternative approaches to scale coding for action recognition in still images. We encode multi-scale information explicitly in three different histograms for small, medium and large scale visual-words. Our first approach exploits multi-scale information with respect to the image size. In our second approach, we encode multi-scale information relative to the size of the bounding box of a person instance. In each approach, the multi-scale histograms are then concatenated into a single representation for action classification. We validate our approaches on the Willow dataset which contains seven action categories: interacting with computer, photography, playing music,
riding bike, riding horse, running and walking. Our results clearly suggest that the proposed scale coding approaches outperform the conventional scale invariant technique. Moreover, we show that our approach obtains promising results compared to more complex state-of-the-art methods. |
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Stockholm; August 2014 |
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CIC; LAMP; 601.240; 600.074; 600.079 |
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Admin @ si @ KWB2014 |
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2450 |
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Author |
Shida Beigpour; Christian Riess; Joost Van de Weijer; Elli Angelopoulou |
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Title |
Multi-Illuminant Estimation with Conditional Random Fields |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
Abbreviated Journal |
TIP |
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23 |
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1 |
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83-95 |
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color constancy; CRF; multi-illuminant |
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Most existing color constancy algorithms assume uniform illumination. However, in real-world scenes, this is not often the case. Thus, we propose a novel framework for estimating the colors of multiple illuminants and their spatial distribution in the scene. We formulate this problem as an energy minimization task within a conditional random field over a set of local illuminant estimates. In order to quantitatively evaluate the proposed method, we created a novel data set of two-dominant-illuminant images comprised of laboratory, indoor, and outdoor scenes. Unlike prior work, our database includes accurate pixel-wise ground truth illuminant information. The performance of our method is evaluated on multiple data sets. Experimental results show that our framework clearly outperforms single illuminant estimators as well as a recently proposed multi-illuminant estimation approach. |
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1057-7149 |
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CIC; LAMP; 600.074; 600.079 |
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Admin @ si @ BRW2014 |
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2451 |
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Author |
Q. Xue; Laura Igual; A. Berenguel; M. Guerrieri; L. Garrido |
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Title |
Active Contour Segmentation with Affine Coordinate-Based Parametrization |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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9th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications |
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1 |
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5-14 |
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Active Contours; Affine Coordinates; Mean Value Coordinates |
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In this paper, we present a new framework for image segmentation based on parametrized active contours. The contour and the points of the image space are parametrized using a set of reduced control points that have to form a closed polygon in two dimensional problems and a closed surface in three dimensional problems. By moving the control points, the active contour evolves. We use mean value coordinates as the parametrization tool for the interface, which allows to parametrize any point of the space, inside or outside the closed polygon
or surface. Region-based energies such as the one proposed by Chan and Vese can be easily implemented in both two and three dimensional segmentation problems. We show the usefulness of our approach with several experiments. |
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Lisboa; January 2014 |
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VISAPP |
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OR;MILAB |
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Admin @ si @ XIB2014 |
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2452 |
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David Masip; Michael S. North ; Alexander Todorov; Daniel N. Osherson |
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Automated Prediction of Preferences Using Facial Expressions |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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PloS one |
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Plos |
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9 |
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2 |
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e87434 |
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We introduce a computer vision problem from social cognition, namely, the automated detection of attitudes from a person's spontaneous facial expressions. To illustrate the challenges, we introduce two simple algorithms designed to predict observers’ preferences between images (e.g., of celebrities) based on covert videos of the observers’ faces. The two algorithms are almost as accurate as human judges performing the same task but nonetheless far from perfect. Our approach is to locate facial landmarks, then predict preference on the basis of their temporal dynamics. The database contains 768 videos involving four different kinds of preferences. We make it publically available. |
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OR;MV |
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Admin @ si @ MNT2014 |
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2453 |
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Sergio Vera; Debora Gil; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester |
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Anatomical parameterization for volumetric meshing of the liver |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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SPIE – Medical Imaging |
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9036 |
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Coordinate System; Anatomy Modeling; Parameterization |
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A coordinate system describing the interior of organs is a powerful tool for a systematic localization of injured tissue. If the same coordinate values are assigned to specific anatomical landmarks, the coordinate system allows integration of data across different medical image modalities. Harmonic mappings have been used to produce parametric coordinate systems over the surface of anatomical shapes, given their flexibility to set values
at specific locations through boundary conditions. However, most of the existing implementations in medical imaging restrict to either anatomical surfaces, or the depth coordinate with boundary conditions is given at sites
of limited geometric diversity. In this paper we present a method for anatomical volumetric parameterization that extends current harmonic parameterizations to the interior anatomy using information provided by the
volume medial surface. We have applied the methodology to define a common reference system for the liver shape and functional anatomy. This reference system sets a solid base for creating anatomical models of the patient’s liver, and allows comparing livers from several patients in a common framework of reference. |
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Amsterdam; September 2014 |
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SPIE-MI |
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IAM; 600.075 |
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Admin @ si @ VGG2014 |
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2456 |
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Enric Marti; Antoni Gurgui; Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Jaume Rocarias; Ferran Poveda |
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ABP on line: Seguimiento, estregas y evaluación en aprendizaje basado en proyectos |
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Miscellaneous |
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2014 |
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8th International Congress on University Teaching and Innovation |
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Tarragona; juliol 2014 |
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CIDUI |
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IAM; ADAS; 600.076; 600.063; 600.075 |
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Admin @ si @ MGG2014 |
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2457 |
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Carles Sanchez; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Patricia Marquez; Enric Marti; Jaume Rocarias; Debora Gil |
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Evaluación automática de prácticas en Moodle para el aprendizaje autónomo en Ingenierías |
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Miscellaneous |
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2014 |
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8th International Congress on University Teaching and Innovation |
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Tarragona; juliol 2014 |
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CIDUI |
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IAM; 600.075;DAG |
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Admin @ si @ SRM2014 |
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2458 |
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Author |
David Fernandez; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes |
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Title |
A graph-based approach for segmenting touching lines in historical handwritten documents |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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IJDAR |
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17 |
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3 |
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293-312 |
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Text line segmentation; Handwritten documents; Document image processing; Historical document analysis |
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Abstract |
Text line segmentation in handwritten documents is an important task in the recognition of historical documents. Handwritten document images contain text lines with multiple orientations, touching and overlapping characters between consecutive text lines and different document structures, making line segmentation a difficult task. In this paper, we present a new approach for handwritten text line segmentation solving the problems of touching components, curvilinear text lines and horizontally overlapping components. The proposed algorithm formulates line segmentation as finding the central path in the area between two consecutive lines. This is solved as a graph traversal problem. A graph is constructed using the skeleton of the image. Then, a path-finding algorithm is used to find the optimum path between text lines. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated on a comprehensive dataset consisting of five databases: ICDAR2009, ICDAR2013, UMD, the George Washington and the Barcelona Marriages Database. The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art considering the different types and difficulties of the benchmarking data. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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1433-2833 |
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DAG; 600.056; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ FLF2014 |
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2459 |
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Author |
David Fernandez; Pau Riba; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados |
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Title |
On the Influence of Key Point Encoding for Handwritten Word Spotting |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
Publication |
14th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition |
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476 - 481 |
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Local descriptors; Interest points; Handwritten documents; Word spotting; Historical document analysis |
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Abstract |
In this paper we evaluate the influence of the selection of key points and the associated features in the performance of word spotting processes. In general, features can be extracted from a number of characteristic points like corners, contours, skeletons, maxima, minima, crossings, etc. A number of descriptors exist in the literature using different interest point detectors. But the intrinsic variability of handwriting vary strongly on the performance if the interest points are not stable enough. In this paper, we analyze the performance of different descriptors for local interest points. As benchmarking dataset we have used the Barcelona Marriage Database that contains handwritten records of marriages over five centuries. |
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Creete Island; Grecia; September 2014 |
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2167-6445 |
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978-1-4799-4335-7 |
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ICFHR |
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DAG; 600.056; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ FRF2014 |
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2460 |
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