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Author  |
Arka Ujjal Dey; Suman Ghosh; Ernest Valveny; Gaurav Harit |
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Title |
Beyond Visual Semantics: Exploring the Role of Scene Text in Image Understanding |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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149 |
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164-171 |
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Images with visual and scene text content are ubiquitous in everyday life. However, current image interpretation systems are mostly limited to using only the visual features, neglecting to leverage the scene text content. In this paper, we propose to jointly use scene text and visual channels for robust semantic interpretation of images. We do not only extract and encode visual and scene text cues, but also model their interplay to generate a contextual joint embedding with richer semantics. The contextual embedding thus generated is applied to retrieval and classification tasks on multimedia images, with scene text content, to demonstrate its effectiveness. In the retrieval framework, we augment our learned text-visual semantic representation with scene text cues, to mitigate vocabulary misses that may have occurred during the semantic embedding. To deal with irrelevant or erroneous recognition of scene text, we also apply query-based attention to our text channel. We show how the multi-channel approach, involving visual semantics and scene text, improves upon state of the art. |
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DAG; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ DGV2021 |
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3364 |
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Author |
Armin Mehri; Parichehr Behjati Ardakani; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
LiNet: A Lightweight Network for Image Super Resolution |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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7196-7202 |
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This paper proposes a new lightweight network, LiNet, that enhancing technical efficiency in lightweight super resolution and operating approximately like very large and costly networks in terms of number of network parameters and operations. The proposed architecture allows the network to learn more abstract properties by avoiding low-level information via multiple links. LiNet introduces a Compact Dense Module, which contains set of inner and outer blocks, to efficiently extract meaningful information, to better leverage multi-level representations before upsampling stage, and to allow an efficient information and gradient flow within the network. Experiments on benchmark datasets show that the proposed LiNet achieves favorable performance against lightweight state-of-the-art methods. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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MSIAU; 600.130; 600.122 |
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Admin @ si @ MAS2021a |
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3583 |
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Author |
Armin Mehri; Parichehr Behjati Ardakani; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
MPRNet: Multi-Path Residual Network for Lightweight Image Super Resolution |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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2703-2712 |
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Lightweight super resolution networks have extremely importance for real-world applications. In recent years several SR deep learning approaches with outstanding achievement have been introduced by sacrificing memory and computational cost. To overcome this problem, a novel lightweight super resolution network is proposed, which improves the SOTA performance in lightweight SR and performs roughly similar to computationally expensive networks. Multi-Path Residual Network designs with a set of Residual concatenation Blocks stacked with Adaptive Residual Blocks: ($i$) to adaptively extract informative features and learn more expressive spatial context information; ($ii$) to better leverage multi-level representations before up-sampling stage; and ($iii$) to allow an efficient information and gradient flow within the network. The proposed architecture also contains a new attention mechanism, Two-Fold Attention Module, to maximize the representation ability of the model. Extensive experiments show the superiority of our model against other SOTA SR approaches. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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WACV |
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MSIAU; 600.130; 600.122 |
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Admin @ si @ MAS2021b |
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3582 |
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Author |
Arturo Fuentes; F. Javier Sanchez; Thomas Voncina; Jorge Bernal |
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Title |
LAMV: Learning to Predict Where Spectators Look in Live Music Performances |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
16th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications |
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5 |
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500-507 |
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The advent of artificial intelligence has supposed an evolution on how different daily work tasks are performed. The analysis of cultural content has seen a huge boost by the development of computer-assisted methods that allows easy and transparent data access. In our case, we deal with the automation of the production of live shows, like music concerts, aiming to develop a system that can indicate the producer which camera to show based on what each of them is showing. In this context, we consider that is essential to understand where spectators look and what they are interested in so the computational method can learn from this information. The work that we present here shows the results of a first preliminary study in which we compare areas of interest defined by human beings and those indicated by an automatic system. Our system is based on the extraction of motion textures from dynamic Spatio-Temporal Volumes (STV) and then analyzing the patterns by means of texture analysis techniques. We validate our approach over several video sequences that have been labeled by 16 different experts. Our method is able to match those relevant areas identified by the experts, achieving recall scores higher than 80% when a distance of 80 pixels between method and ground truth is considered. Current performance shows promise when detecting abnormal peaks and movement trends. |
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Virtual; February 2021 |
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VISIGRAPP |
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MV; ISE; 600.119; |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ FSV2021 |
Serial |
3570 |
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Author |
Bartlomiej Twardowski; Pawel Zawistowski; Szymon Zaborowski |
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Title |
Metric Learning for Session-Based Recommendations |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
43rd edition of the annual BCS-IRSG European Conference on Information Retrieval |
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Volume |
12656 |
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650-665 |
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Keywords |
Session-based recommendations; Deep metric learning; Learning to rank |
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Abstract |
Session-based recommenders, used for making predictions out of users’ uninterrupted sequences of actions, are attractive for many applications. Here, for this task we propose using metric learning, where a common embedding space for sessions and items is created, and distance measures dissimilarity between the provided sequence of users’ events and the next action. We discuss and compare metric learning approaches to commonly used learning-to-rank methods, where some synergies exist. We propose a simple architecture for problem analysis and demonstrate that neither extensively big nor deep architectures are necessary in order to outperform existing methods. The experimental results against strong baselines on four datasets are provided with an ablation study. |
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Virtual; March 2021 |
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LNCS |
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ECIR |
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LAMP; 600.120 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ TZZ2021 |
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3586 |
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Author |
Carola Figueroa Flores |
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Title |
Visual Saliency for Object Recognition, and Object Recognition for Visual Saliency |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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computer vision; visual saliency; fine-grained object recognition; convolutional neural networks; images classification |
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For humans, the recognition of objects is an almost instantaneous, precise and
extremely adaptable process. Furthermore, we have the innate capability to learn
new object classes from only few examples. The human brain lowers the complexity
of the incoming data by filtering out part of the information and only processing
those things that capture our attention. This, mixed with our biological predisposition to respond to certain shapes or colors, allows us to recognize in a simple
glance the most important or salient regions from an image. This mechanism can
be observed by analyzing on which parts of images subjects place attention; where
they fix their eyes when an image is shown to them. The most accurate way to
record this behavior is to track eye movements while displaying images.
Computational saliency estimation aims to identify to what extent regions or
objects stand out with respect to their surroundings to human observers. Saliency
maps can be used in a wide range of applications including object detection, image
and video compression, and visual tracking. The majority of research in the field has
focused on automatically estimating saliency maps given an input image. Instead, in
this thesis, we set out to incorporate saliency maps in an object recognition pipeline:
we want to investigate whether saliency maps can improve object recognition
results.
In this thesis, we identify several problems related to visual saliency estimation.
First, to what extent the estimation of saliency can be exploited to improve the
training of an object recognition model when scarce training data is available. To
solve this problem, we design an image classification network that incorporates
saliency information as input. This network processes the saliency map through a
dedicated network branch and uses the resulting characteristics to modulate the
standard bottom-up visual characteristics of the original image input. We will refer to this technique as saliency-modulated image classification (SMIC). In extensive
experiments on standard benchmark datasets for fine-grained object recognition,
we show that our proposed architecture can significantly improve performance,
especially on dataset with scarce training data.
Next, we address the main drawback of the above pipeline: SMIC requires an
explicit saliency algorithm that must be trained on a saliency dataset. To solve this,
we implement a hallucination mechanism that allows us to incorporate the saliency
estimation branch in an end-to-end trained neural network architecture that only
needs the RGB image as an input. A side-effect of this architecture is the estimation
of saliency maps. In experiments, we show that this architecture can obtain similar
results on object recognition as SMIC but without the requirement of ground truth
saliency maps to train the system.
Finally, we evaluated the accuracy of the saliency maps that occur as a sideeffect of object recognition. For this purpose, we use a set of benchmark datasets
for saliency evaluation based on eye-tracking experiments. Surprisingly, the estimated saliency maps are very similar to the maps that are computed from human
eye-tracking experiments. Our results show that these saliency maps can obtain
competitive results on benchmark saliency maps. On one synthetic saliency dataset
this method even obtains the state-of-the-art without the need of ever having seen
an actual saliency image for training. |
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March 2021 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Editor |
Joost Van de Weijer;Bogdan Raducanu |
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978-84-122714-4-7 |
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LAMP; 600.120 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Fig2021 |
Serial |
3600 |
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Author |
Carola Figueroa Flores; Bogdan Raducanu; David Berga; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Hallucinating Saliency Maps for Fine-Grained Image Classification for Limited Data Domains |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
16th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications |
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4 |
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163-171 |
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Abstract |
arXiv:2007.12562
Most of the saliency methods are evaluated on their ability to generate saliency maps, and not on their functionality in a complete vision pipeline, like for instance, image classification. In the current paper, we propose an approach which does not require explicit saliency maps to improve image classification, but they are learned implicitely, during the training of an end-to-end image classification task. We show that our approach obtains similar results as the case when the saliency maps are provided explicitely. Combining RGB data with saliency maps represents a significant advantage for object recognition, especially for the case when training data is limited. We validate our method on several datasets for fine-grained classification tasks (Flowers, Birds and Cars). In addition, we show that our saliency estimation method, which is trained without any saliency groundtruth data, obtains competitive results on real image saliency benchmark (Toronto), and outperforms deep saliency models with synthetic images (SID4VAM). |
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Virtual; February 2021 |
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VISAPP |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ FRB2021c |
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3540 |
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Author |
Carola Figueroa Flores; David Berga; Joost Van de Weijer; Bogdan Raducanu |
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Title |
Saliency for free: Saliency prediction as a side-effect of object recognition |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
PRL |
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150 |
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1-7 |
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Keywords |
Saliency maps; Unsupervised learning; Object recognition |
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Saliency is the perceptual capacity of our visual system to focus our attention (i.e. gaze) on relevant objects instead of the background. So far, computational methods for saliency estimation required the explicit generation of a saliency map, process which is usually achieved via eyetracking experiments on still images. This is a tedious process that needs to be repeated for each new dataset. In the current paper, we demonstrate that is possible to automatically generate saliency maps without ground-truth. In our approach, saliency maps are learned as a side effect of object recognition. Extensive experiments carried out on both real and synthetic datasets demonstrated that our approach is able to generate accurate saliency maps, achieving competitive results when compared with supervised methods. |
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LAMP; 600.147; 600.120 |
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Admin @ si @ FBW2021 |
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3559 |
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Author |
Claudia Greco; Carmela Buono; Pau Buch-Cardona; Gennaro Cordasco; Sergio Escalera; Anna Esposito; Anais Fernandez; Daria Kyslitska; Maria Stylianou Kornes; Cristina Palmero; Jofre Tenorio Laranga; Anna Torp Johansen; Maria Ines Torres |
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Title |
Emotional Features of Interactions With Empathic Agents |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops |
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2168-2176 |
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The current study is part of the EMPATHIC project, whose aim is to develop an Empathic Virtual Coach (VC) capable of promoting healthy and independent aging. To this end, the VC needs to be capable of perceiving the emotional states of users and adjusting its behaviour during the interactions according to what the users are experiencing in terms of emotions and comfort. Thus, the present work focuses on some sessions where elderly users of three different countries interact with a simulated system. Audio and video information extracted from these sessions were examined by external observers to assess participants' emotional experience with the EMPATHIC-VC in terms of categorical and dimensional assessment of emotions. Analyses were conducted on the emotional labels assigned by the external observers while participants were engaged in two different scenarios: a generic one, where the interaction was carried out with no intention to discuss a specific topic, and a nutrition one, aimed to accomplish a conversation on users' nutritional habits. Results of analyses performed on both audio and video data revealed that the EMPATHIC coach did not elicit negative feelings in the users. Indeed, users from all countries have shown relaxed and positive behavior when interacting with the simulated VC during both scenarios. Overall, the EMPATHIC-VC was capable to offer an enjoyable experience without eliciting negative feelings in the users. This supports the hypothesis that an Empathic Virtual Coach capable of considering users' expectations and emotional states could support elderly people in daily life activities and help them to remain independent. |
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VIRTUAL; October 2021 |
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ICCVW |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ GBB2021 |
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3647 |
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Clementine Decamps; Alexis Arnaud; Florent Petitprez; Mira Ayadi; Aurelia Baures; Lucile Armenoult; Sergio Escalera; Isabelle Guyon; Remy Nicolle; Richard Tomasini; Aurelien de Reynies; Jerome Cros; Yuna Blum; Magali Richard |
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DECONbench: a benchmarking platform dedicated to deconvolution methods for tumor heterogeneity quantification |
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2021 |
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BMC Bioinformatics |
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22 |
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473 |
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Quantification of tumor heterogeneity is essential to better understand cancer progression and to adapt therapeutic treatments to patient specificities. Bioinformatic tools to assess the different cell populations from single-omic datasets as bulk transcriptome or methylome samples have been recently developed, including reference-based and reference-free methods. Improved methods using multi-omic datasets are yet to be developed in the future and the community would need systematic tools to perform a comparative evaluation of these algorithms on controlled data. |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ DAP2021 |
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3650 |
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Cristina Palmero; Javier Selva; Sorina Smeureanu; Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Albert Clapes; Alexa Mosegui; Zejian Zhang; David Gallardo; Georgina Guilera; David Leiva; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Context-Aware Personality Inference in Dyadic Scenarios: Introducing the UDIVA Dataset |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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1-12 |
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This paper introduces UDIVA, a new non-acted dataset of face-to-face dyadic interactions, where interlocutors perform competitive and collaborative tasks with different behavior elicitation and cognitive workload. The dataset consists of 90.5 hours of dyadic interactions among 147 participants distributed in 188 sessions, recorded using multiple audiovisual and physiological sensors. Currently, it includes sociodemographic, self- and peer-reported personality, internal state, and relationship profiling from participants. As an initial analysis on UDIVA, we propose a
transformer-based method for self-reported personality inference in dyadic scenarios, which uses audiovisual data and different sources of context from both interlocutors to
regress a target person’s personality traits. Preliminary results from an incremental study show consistent improvements when using all available context information. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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WACV |
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HUPBA |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ PSS2021 |
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3532 |
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Daniel Hernandez; Antonio Espinosa; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Juan C. Moure |
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3D Perception With Slanted Stixels on GPU |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems |
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TPDS |
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32 |
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10 |
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2434-2447 |
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Daniel Hernandez-Juarez; Antonio Espinosa; David Vazquez; Antonio M. Lopez; Juan C. Moure |
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This article presents a GPU-accelerated software design of the recently proposed model of Slanted Stixels, which represents the geometric and semantic information of a scene in a compact and accurate way. We reformulate the measurement depth model to reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm, relying on the confidence of the depth estimation and the identification of invalid values to handle outliers. The proposed massively parallel scheme and data layout for the irregular computation pattern that corresponds to a Dynamic Programming paradigm is described and carefully analyzed in performance terms. Performance is shown to scale gracefully on current generation embedded GPUs. We assess the proposed methods in terms of semantic and geometric accuracy as well as run-time performance on three publicly available benchmark datasets. Our approach achieves real-time performance with high accuracy for 2048 × 1024 image sizes and 4 × 4 Stixel resolution on the low-power embedded GPU of an NVIDIA Tegra Xavier. |
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ADAS; 600.124; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ HEV2021 |
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3561 |
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David Aldavert |
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Efficient and Scalable Handwritten Word Spotting on Historical Documents using Bag of Visual Words |
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Book Whole |
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2021 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Word spotting can be defined as the pattern recognition tasked aimed at locating and retrieving a specific keyword within a document image collection without explicitly transcribing the whole corpus. Its use is particularly interesting when applied in scenarios where Optical Character Recognition performs poorly or can not be used at all. This thesis focuses on such a scenario, word spotting on historical handwritten documents that have been written by a single author or by multiple authors with a similar calligraphy.
This problem requires a visual signature that is robust to image artifacts, flexible to accommodate script variations and efficient to retrieve information in a rapid manner. For this, we have developed a set of word spotting methods that on their foundation use the well known Bag-of-Visual-Words (BoVW) representation. This representation has gained popularity among the document image analysis community to characterize handwritten words
in an unsupervised manner. However, most approaches on this field rely on a basic BoVW configuration and disregard complex encoding and spatial representations. We determine which BoVW configurations provide the best performance boost to a spotting system.
Then, we extend the segmentation-based word spotting, where word candidates are given a priori, to segmentation-free spotting. The proposed approach seeds the document images with overlapping word location candidates and characterizes them with a BoVW signature. Retrieval is achieved comparing the query and candidate signatures and returning the locations that provide a higher consensus. This is a simple but powerful approach that requires a more compact signature than in a segmentation-based scenario. We first
project the BoVW signature into a reduced semantic topics space and then compress it further using Product Quantizers. The resulting signature only requires a few dozen bytes, allowing us to index thousands of pages on a common desktop computer. The final system still yields a performance comparable to the state-of-the-art despite all the information loss during the compression phases.
Afterwards, we also study how to combine different modalities of information in order to create a query-by-X spotting system where, words are indexed using an information modality and queries are retrieved using another. We consider three different information modalities: visual, textual and audio. Our proposal is to create a latent feature space where features which are semantically related are projected onto the same topics. Creating thus a new feature space where information from different modalities can be compared. Later, we consider the codebook generation and descriptor encoding problem. The codebooks used to encode the BoVW signatures are usually created using an unsupervised clustering algorithm and, they require to test multiple parameters to determine which configuration is best for a certain document collection. We propose a semantic clustering algorithm which allows to estimate the best parameter from data. Since gather annotated data is costly, we use synthetically generated word images. The resulting codebook is database agnostic, i. e. a codebook that yields a good performance on document collections that use the same script. We also propose the use of an additional codebook to approximate descriptors and reduce the descriptor encoding
complexity to sub-linear.
Finally, we focus on the problem of signatures dimensionality. We propose a new symbol probability signature where each bin represents the probability that a certain symbol is present a certain location of the word image. This signature is extremely compact and combined with compression techniques can represent word images with just a few bytes per signature. |
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April 2021 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Marçal Rusiñol;Josep Llados |
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978-84-122714-5-4 |
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DAG; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ Ald2021 |
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3601 |
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David Curto; Albert Clapes; Javier Selva; Sorina Smeureanu; Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; David Gallardo-Pujol; Georgina Guilera; David Leiva; Thomas B. Moeslund; Sergio Escalera; Cristina Palmero |
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Dyadformer: A Multi-Modal Transformer for Long-Range Modeling of Dyadic Interactions |
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Conference Article |
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2021 |
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IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops |
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2177-2188 |
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Personality computing has become an emerging topic in computer vision, due to the wide range of applications it can be used for. However, most works on the topic have focused on analyzing the individual, even when applied to interaction scenarios, and for short periods of time. To address these limitations, we present the Dyadformer, a novel multi-modal multi-subject Transformer architecture to model individual and interpersonal features in dyadic interactions using variable time windows, thus allowing the capture of long-term interdependencies. Our proposed cross-subject layer allows the network to explicitly model interactions among subjects through attentional operations. This proof-of-concept approach shows how multi-modality and joint modeling of both interactants for longer periods of time helps to predict individual attributes. With Dyadformer, we improve state-of-the-art self-reported personality inference results on individual subjects on the UDIVA v0.5 dataset. |
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Virtual; October 2021 |
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ICCVW |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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Admin @ si @ CCS2021 |
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3648 |
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Debora Gil; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Raquel Perez |
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Title |
Topological Radiomics (TOPiomics): Early Detection of Genetic Abnormalities in Cancer Treatment Evolution |
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Book Chapter |
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2021 |
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Extended Abstracts GEOMVAP 2019, Trends in Mathematics 15 |
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15 |
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89–93 |
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Abnormalities in radiomic measures correlate to genomic alterations prone to alter the outcome of personalized anti-cancer treatments. TOPiomics is a new method for the early detection of variations in tumor imaging phenotype from a topological structure in multi-view radiomic spaces. |
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Springer Nature |
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IAM; DAG; 600.120; 600.145; 600.139 |
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Admin @ si @ GRP2021 |
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3594 |
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