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Author |
Nil Ballus; Bhalaji Nagarajan; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Opt-SSL: An Enhanced Self-Supervised Framework for Food Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2022 |
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10th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
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13256 |
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Self-supervised; Contrastive learning; Food recognition |
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Self-supervised Learning has been showing upbeat performance in several computer vision tasks. The popular contrastive methods make use of a Siamese architecture with different loss functions. In this work, we go deeper into two very recent state of the art frameworks, namely, SimSiam and Barlow Twins. Inspired by them, we propose a new self-supervised learning method we call Opt-SSL that combines both image and feature contrasting. We validate the proposed method on the food recognition task, showing that our proposed framework enables the self-learning networks to learn better visual representations. |
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Aveiro; Portugal; May 2022 |
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IbPRIA |
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MILAB; no menciona |
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Admin @ si @ BNR2022 |
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3782 |
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Author |
Kai Wang; Fei Yang; Joost Van de Weijer |
![download PDF file pdf](img/file_PDF.gif)
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Title |
Attention Distillation: self-supervised vision transformer students need more guidance |
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Conference Article |
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2022 |
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33rd British Machine Vision Conference |
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Self-supervised learning has been widely applied to train high-quality vision transformers. Unleashing their excellent performance on memory and compute constraint devices is therefore an important research topic. However, how to distill knowledge from one self-supervised ViT to another has not yet been explored. Moreover, the existing self-supervised knowledge distillation (SSKD) methods focus on ConvNet based architectures are suboptimal for ViT knowledge distillation. In this paper, we study knowledge distillation of self-supervised vision transformers (ViT-SSKD). We show that directly distilling information from the crucial attention mechanism from teacher to student can significantly narrow the performance gap between both. In experiments on ImageNet-Subset and ImageNet-1K, we show that our method AttnDistill outperforms existing self-supervised knowledge distillation (SSKD) methods and achieves state-of-the-art k-NN accuracy compared with self-supervised learning (SSL) methods learning from scratch (with the ViT-S model). We are also the first to apply the tiny ViT-T model on self-supervised learning. Moreover, AttnDistill is independent of self-supervised learning algorithms, it can be adapted to ViT based SSL methods to improve the performance in future research. |
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London; UK; November 2022 |
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BMVC |
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LAMP; 600.147 |
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Admin @ si @ WYW2022 |
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3793 |
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Marwa Dhiaf; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Kai Wang; Yuyang Liu; Yousri Kessentini; Alicia Fornes; Ahmed Cheikh Rouhou |
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Title |
CSSL-MHTR: Continual Self-Supervised Learning for Scalable Multi-script Handwritten Text Recognition |
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Miscellaneous |
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2023 |
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Arxiv |
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Self-supervised learning has recently emerged as a strong alternative in document analysis. These approaches are now capable of learning high-quality image representations and overcoming the limitations of supervised methods, which require a large amount of labeled data. However, these methods are unable to capture new knowledge in an incremental fashion, where data is presented to the model sequentially, which is closer to the realistic scenario. In this paper, we explore the potential of continual self-supervised learning to alleviate the catastrophic forgetting problem in handwritten text recognition, as an example of sequence recognition. Our method consists in adding intermediate layers called adapters for each task, and efficiently distilling knowledge from the previous model while learning the current task. Our proposed framework is efficient in both computation and memory complexity. To demonstrate its effectiveness, we evaluate our method by transferring the learned model to diverse text recognition downstream tasks, including Latin and non-Latin scripts. As far as we know, this is the first application of continual self-supervised learning for handwritten text recognition. We attain state-of-the-art performance on English, Italian and Russian scripts, whilst adding only a few parameters per task. The code and trained models will be publicly available. |
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DAG |
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Admin @ si @ DSW2023 |
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3851 |
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Author |
G. de Oliveira; A. Cartas; Marc Bolaños; Mariella Dimiccoli; Xavier Giro; Petia Radeva |
![download PDF file pdf](img/file_PDF.gif)
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Title |
LEMoRe: A Lifelog Engine for Moments Retrieval at the NTCIR-Lifelog LSAT Task |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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12th NTCIR Conference on Evaluation of Information Access Technologies |
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Semantic image retrieval from large amounts of egocentric visual data requires to leverage powerful techniques for filling in the semantic gap. This paper introduces LEMoRe, a Lifelog Engine for Moments Retrieval, developed in the context of the Lifelog Semantic Access Task (LSAT) of the the NTCIR-12 challenge and discusses its performance variation on different trials. LEMoRe integrates classical image descriptors with high-level semantic concepts extracted by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), powered by a graphic user interface that uses natural language processing. Although this is just a first attempt towards interactive image retrieval from large egocentric datasets and there is a large room for improvement of the system components and the user interface, the structure of the system itself and the way the single components cooperate are very promising. |
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Tokyo; Japan; June 2016 |
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NTCIR |
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MILAB; |
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no |
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Admin @ si @OCB2016 |
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2789 |
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Author |
Jose Luis Gomez; Gabriel Villalonga; Antonio Lopez |
![goto web page url](img/www.gif)
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Title |
Co-Training for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Semantic Segmentation Models |
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Journal Article |
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2023 |
Publication |
Sensors – Special Issue on “Machine Learning for Autonomous Driving Perception and Prediction” |
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SENS |
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23 |
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2 |
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621 |
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Domain adaptation; semi-supervised learning; Semantic segmentation; Autonomous driving |
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Semantic image segmentation is a central and challenging task in autonomous driving, addressed by training deep models. Since this training draws to a curse of human-based image labeling, using synthetic images with automatically generated labels together with unlabeled real-world images is a promising alternative. This implies to address an unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) problem. In this paper, we propose a new co-training procedure for synth-to-real UDA of semantic
segmentation models. It consists of a self-training stage, which provides two domain-adapted models, and a model collaboration loop for the mutual improvement of these two models. These models are then used to provide the final semantic segmentation labels (pseudo-labels) for the real-world images. The overall
procedure treats the deep models as black boxes and drives their collaboration at the level of pseudo-labeled target images, i.e., neither modifying loss functions is required, nor explicit feature alignment. We test our proposal on standard synthetic and real-world datasets for on-board semantic segmentation. Our
procedure shows improvements ranging from ∼13 to ∼26 mIoU points over baselines, so establishing new state-of-the-art results. |
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ADAS; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ GVL2023 |
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3705 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Y. LeCun; Theo Gevers; Antonio Lopez |
![download PDF file pdf](img/file_PDF.gif)
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Title |
Semantic Road Segmentation via Multi-Scale Ensembles of Learned Features |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
12th European Conference on Computer Vision – Workshops and Demonstrations |
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7584 |
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586-595 |
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road detection |
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Semantic segmentation refers to the process of assigning an object label (e.g., building, road, sidewalk, car, pedestrian) to every pixel in an image. Common approaches formulate the task as a random field labeling problem modeling the interactions between labels by combining local and contextual features such as color, depth, edges, SIFT or HoG. These models are trained to maximize the likelihood of the correct classification given a training set. However, these approaches rely on hand–designed features (e.g., texture, SIFT or HoG) and a higher computational time required in the inference process.
Therefore, in this paper, we focus on estimating the unary potentials of a conditional random field via ensembles of learned features. We propose an algorithm based on convolutional neural networks to learn local features from training data at different scales and resolutions. Then, diversification between these features is exploited using a weighted linear combination. Experiments on a publicly available database show the effectiveness of the proposed method to perform semantic road scene segmentation in still images. The algorithm outperforms appearance based methods and its performance is similar compared to state–of–the–art methods using other sources of information such as depth, motion or stereo. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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0302-9743 |
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978-3-642-33867-0 |
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ECCVW |
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ADAS;ISE |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ALG2012; ADAS @ adas |
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2187 |
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Author |
Lei Kang; Pau Riba; Mauricio Villegas; Alicia Fornes; Marçal Rusiñol |
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Title |
Candidate Fusion: Integrating Language Modelling into a Sequence-to-Sequence Handwritten Word Recognition Architecture |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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112 |
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107790 |
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Sequence-to-sequence models have recently become very popular for tackling
handwritten word recognition problems. However, how to effectively integrate an external language model into such recognizer is still a challenging
problem. The main challenge faced when training a language model is to
deal with the language model corpus which is usually different to the one
used for training the handwritten word recognition system. Thus, the bias
between both word corpora leads to incorrectness on the transcriptions, providing similar or even worse performances on the recognition task. In this
work, we introduce Candidate Fusion, a novel way to integrate an external
language model to a sequence-to-sequence architecture. Moreover, it provides suggestions from an external language knowledge, as a new input to
the sequence-to-sequence recognizer. Hence, Candidate Fusion provides two
improvements. On the one hand, the sequence-to-sequence recognizer has
the flexibility not only to combine the information from itself and the language model, but also to choose the importance of the information provided
by the language model. On the other hand, the external language model
has the ability to adapt itself to the training corpus and even learn the
most commonly errors produced from the recognizer. Finally, by conducting
comprehensive experiments, the Candidate Fusion proves to outperform the
state-of-the-art language models for handwritten word recognition tasks. |
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DAG; 600.140; 601.302; 601.312; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ KRV2021 |
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3343 |
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Author |
Eloi Puertas; Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol |
![find book details (via ISBN) isbn](img/isbn.gif)
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Title |
Classifying Objects at Different Sizes with Multi-Scale Stacked Sequential Learning |
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Conference Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
13th International Conference of the Catalan Association for Artificial Intelligence |
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220 |
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193–200 |
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Sequential learning is that discipline of machine learning that deals with dependent data. In this paper, we use the Multi-scale Stacked Sequential Learning approach (MSSL) to solve the task of pixel-wise classification based on contextual information. The main contribution of this work is a shifting technique applied during the testing phase that makes possible, thanks to template images, to classify objects at different sizes. The results show that the proposed method robustly classifies such objects capturing their spatial relationships. |
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R. Alquezar, A. Moreno, J. Aguilar |
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978-1-60750-642-3 |
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CCIA |
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HUPBA;MILAB |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ PEP2010 |
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1448 |
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Author |
Bartlomiej Twardowski; Pawel Zawistowski; Szymon Zaborowski |
![download PDF file pdf](img/file_PDF.gif)
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Title |
Metric Learning for Session-Based Recommendations |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
43rd edition of the annual BCS-IRSG European Conference on Information Retrieval |
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12656 |
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650-665 |
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Session-based recommendations; Deep metric learning; Learning to rank |
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Session-based recommenders, used for making predictions out of users’ uninterrupted sequences of actions, are attractive for many applications. Here, for this task we propose using metric learning, where a common embedding space for sessions and items is created, and distance measures dissimilarity between the provided sequence of users’ events and the next action. We discuss and compare metric learning approaches to commonly used learning-to-rank methods, where some synergies exist. We propose a simple architecture for problem analysis and demonstrate that neither extensively big nor deep architectures are necessary in order to outperform existing methods. The experimental results against strong baselines on four datasets are provided with an ablation study. |
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Virtual; March 2021 |
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ECIR |
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LAMP; 600.120 |
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Admin @ si @ TZZ2021 |
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3586 |
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Simone Zini; Alex Gomez-Villa; Marco Buzzelli; Bartlomiej Twardowski; Andrew D. Bagdanov; Joost Van de Weijer |
![download PDF file pdf](img/file_PDF.gif)
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Title |
Planckian Jitter: countering the color-crippling effects of color jitter on self-supervised training |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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11th International Conference on Learning Representations |
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Several recent works on self-supervised learning are trained by mapping different augmentations of the same image to the same feature representation. The data augmentations used are of crucial importance to the quality of learned feature representations. In this paper, we analyze how the color jitter traditionally used in data augmentation negatively impacts the quality of the color features in learned feature representations. To address this problem, we propose a more realistic, physics-based color data augmentation – which we call Planckian Jitter – that creates realistic variations in chromaticity and produces a model robust to illumination changes that can be commonly observed in real life, while maintaining the ability to discriminate image content based on color information. Experiments confirm that such a representation is complementary to the representations learned with the currently-used color jitter augmentation and that a simple concatenation leads to significant performance gains on a wide range of downstream datasets. In addition, we present a color sensitivity analysis that documents the impact of different training methods on model neurons and shows that the performance of the learned features is robust with respect to illuminant variations. |
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1 -5 May 2023, Kigali, Ruanda |
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ICLR |
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LAMP; 600.147; 611.008; 5300006 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ZGB2023 |
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3820 |
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Author |
Marcel P. Lucassen; Theo Gevers; Arjan Gijsenij |
![goto web page url](img/www.gif)
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Title |
Texture Affects Color Emotion |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
Color Research & Applications |
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CRA |
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36 |
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6 |
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426–436 |
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color;texture;color emotion;observer variability;ranking |
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Several studies have recorded color emotions in subjects viewing uniform color (UC) samples. We conduct an experiment to measure and model how these color emotions change when texture is added to the color samples. Using a computer monitor, our subjects arrange samples along four scales: warm–cool, masculine–feminine, hard–soft, and heavy–light. Three sample types of increasing visual complexity are used: UC, grayscale textures, and color textures (CTs). To assess the intraobserver variability, the experiment is repeated after 1 week. Our results show that texture fully determines the responses on the Hard-Soft scale, and plays a role of decreasing weight for the masculine–feminine, heavy–light, and warm–cool scales. Using some 25,000 observer responses, we derive color emotion functions that predict the group-averaged scale responses from the samples' color and texture parameters. For UC samples, the accuracy of our functions is significantly higher (average R2 = 0.88) than that of previously reported functions applied to our data. The functions derived for CT samples have an accuracy of R2 = 0.80. We conclude that when textured samples are used in color emotion studies, the psychological responses may be strongly affected by texture. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010 |
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ALTRES;ISE |
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Admin @ si @ LGG2011 |
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1844 |
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Carme Julia; Angel Sappa; Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
An iterative multiresolution scheme for SFM with missing data |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision |
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JMIV |
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34 |
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3 |
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240–258 |
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Several techniques have been proposed for tackling the Structure from Motion problem through factorization in the case of missing data. However, when the percentage of unknown data is high, most of them may not perform as well as expected. Focussing on this problem, an iterative multiresolution scheme, which aims at recovering missing entries in the originally given input matrix, is proposed. Information recovered following a coarse-to-fine strategy is used for filling in the missing entries. The objective is to recover, as much as possible, missing data in the given matrix.
Thus, when a factorization technique is applied to the partially or totally filled in matrix, instead of to the originally given input one, better results will be obtained. An evaluation study about the robustness to missing and noisy data is reported.
Experimental results obtained with synthetic and real video sequences are presented to show the viability of the proposed approach. |
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ADAS @ adas @ JSL2009a |
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1163 |
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Author |
Mohammad Rouhani |
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Title |
Shape Representation and Registration using Implicit Functions |
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2012 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Shape representation and registration are two important problems in computer vision and graphics. Representing the given cloud of points through an implicit function provides a higher level information describing the data. This representation can be more compact more robust to noise and outliers, hence it can be exploited in different computer vision application. In the first part of this thesis implicit shape representations, including both implicit B-spline and polynomial, are tackled. First, an approximation of a geometric distance is proposed to measure the closeness of the given cloud of points and the implicit surface. The analysis of the proposed distance shows an accurate estimation with smooth behavior. The distance by itself is used in a RANSAC based quadratic fitting method. Moreover, since the gradient information of the distance with respect to the surface parameters can be analytically computed, it is used in Levenberg-Marquadt algorithm to refine the surface parameters. In a different approach, an algebraic fitting method is used to represent an object through implicit B-splines. The outcome is a smooth flexible surface and can be represented in different levels from coarse to fine. This property has been exploited to solve the registration problem in the second part of the thesis. In the proposed registration technique the model set is replaced with an implicit representation provided in the first part; then, the point-to-point registration is converted to a point-to-model one in a higher level. This registration error can benefit from different distance estimations to speed up the registration process even without need of correspondence search. Finally, the non-rigid registration problem is tackled through a quadratic distance approximation that is based on the curvature information of the model set. This approximation is used in a free form deformation model to update its control lattice. Then it is shown how an accurate distance approximation can benefit non-rigid registration problems. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Angel Sappa |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ Rou2012 |
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2205 |
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Alicia Fornes; Sergio Escalera; Josep Llados; Ernest Valveny |
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Title |
Symbol Classification using Dynamic Aligned Shape Descriptor |
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Conference Article |
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2010 |
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20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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1957–1960 |
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Shape representation is a difficult task because of several symbol distortions, such as occlusions, elastic deformations, gaps or noise. In this paper, we propose a new descriptor and distance computation for coping with the problem of symbol recognition in the domain of Graphical Document Image Analysis. The proposed D-Shape descriptor encodes the arrangement information of object parts in a circular structure, allowing different levels of distortion. The classification is performed using a cyclic Dynamic Time Warping based method, allowing distortions and rotation. The methodology has been validated on different data sets, showing very high recognition rates. |
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Istanbul (Turkey) |
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1051-4651 |
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978-1-4244-7542-1 |
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ICPR |
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DAG; HUPBA; MILAB |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ FEL2010 |
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1421 |
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Author |
Lichao Zhang; Abel Gonzalez-Garcia; Joost Van de Weijer; Martin Danelljan; Fahad Shahbaz Khan |
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Title |
Learning the Model Update for Siamese Trackers |
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Conference Article |
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2019 |
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18th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision |
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4009-4018 |
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Siamese approaches address the visual tracking problem by extracting an appearance template from the current frame, which is used to localize the target in the next frame. In general, this template is linearly combined with the accumulated template from the previous frame, resulting in an exponential decay of information over time. While such an approach to updating has led to improved results, its simplicity limits the potential gain likely to be obtained by learning to update. Therefore, we propose to replace the handcrafted update function with a method which learns to update. We use a convolutional neural network, called UpdateNet, which given the initial template, the accumulated template and the template of the current frame aims to estimate the optimal template for the next frame. The UpdateNet is compact and can easily be integrated into existing Siamese trackers. We demonstrate the generality of the proposed approach by applying it to two Siamese trackers, SiamFC and DaSiamRPN. Extensive experiments on VOT2016, VOT2018, LaSOT, and TrackingNet datasets demonstrate that our UpdateNet effectively predicts the new target template, outperforming the standard linear update. On the large-scale TrackingNet dataset, our UpdateNet improves the results of DaSiamRPN with an absolute gain of 3.9% in terms of success score. |
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Seul; Corea; October 2019 |
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ICCV |
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LAMP; 600.109; 600.141; 600.120 |
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Admin @ si @ ZGW2019 |
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3295 |
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