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Author Clementine Decamps; Alexis Arnaud; Florent Petitprez; Mira Ayadi; Aurelia Baures; Lucile Armenoult; Sergio Escalera; Isabelle Guyon; Remy Nicolle; Richard Tomasini; Aurelien de Reynies; Jerome Cros; Yuna Blum; Magali Richard edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title DECONbench: a benchmarking platform dedicated to deconvolution methods for tumor heterogeneity quantification Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication BMC Bioinformatics Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 22 Issue Pages 473  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Quantification of tumor heterogeneity is essential to better understand cancer progression and to adapt therapeutic treatments to patient specificities. Bioinformatic tools to assess the different cell populations from single-omic datasets as bulk transcriptome or methylome samples have been recently developed, including reference-based and reference-free methods. Improved methods using multi-omic datasets are yet to be developed in the future and the community would need systematic tools to perform a comparative evaluation of these algorithms on controlled data.  
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  Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DAP2021 Serial 3650  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Javier Marin; Sergio Escalera edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title SSSGAN: Satellite Style and Structure Generative Adversarial Networks Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Remote Sensing Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 13 Issue 19 Pages 3984  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This work presents Satellite Style and Structure Generative Adversarial Network (SSGAN), a generative model of high resolution satellite imagery to support image segmentation. Based on spatially adaptive denormalization modules (SPADE) that modulate the activations with respect to segmentation map structure, in addition to global descriptor vectors that capture the semantic information in a vector with respect to Open Street Maps (OSM) classes, this model is able to produce
consistent aerial imagery. By decoupling the generation of aerial images into a structure map and a carefully defined style vector, we were able to improve the realism and geodiversity of the synthesis with respect to the state-of-the-art baseline. Therefore, the proposed model allows us to control the generation not only with respect to the desired structure, but also with respect to a geographic area.
 
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  Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MaE2021 Serial 3651  
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Author Meysam Madadi; Hugo Bertiche; Wafa Bouzouita; Isabelle Guyon; Sergio Escalera edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Learning Cloth Dynamics: 3D+Texture Garment Reconstruction Benchmark Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication Proceedings of Machine Learning Research Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 133 Issue Pages 57-76  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Human avatars are important targets in many computer applications. Accurately tracking, capturing, reconstructing and animating the human body, face and garments in 3D are critical for human-computer interaction, gaming, special effects and virtual reality. In the past, this has required extensive manual animation. Regardless of the advances in human body and face reconstruction, still modeling, learning and analyzing human dynamics need further attention. In this paper we plan to push the research in this direction, e.g. understanding human dynamics in 2D and 3D, with special attention to garments. We provide a large-scale dataset (more than 2M frames) of animated garments with variable topology and type, calledCLOTH3D++. The dataset contains RGBA video sequences paired with its corresponding 3D data. We pay special care to garment dynamics and realistic rendering of RGB data, including lighting, fabric type and texture. With this dataset, we hold a competition at NeurIPS2020. We design three tracks so participants can compete to develop the best method to perform 3D garment reconstruction in a sequence from (1) 3D-to-3D garments, (2) RGB-to-3D garments, and (3) RGB-to-3D garments plus texture. We also provide a baseline method, based on graph convolutional networks, for each track. Baseline results show that there is a lot of room for improvements. However, due to the challenging nature of the problem, no participant could outperform the baselines.  
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  Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MBB2021 Serial 3655  
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Author Joan Codina-Filba; Sergio Escalera; Joan Escudero; Coen Antens; Pau Buch-Cardona; Mireia Farrus edit  url
openurl 
  Title Mobile eHealth Platform for Home Monitoring of Bipolar Disorder Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication 27th ACM International Conference on Multimedia Modeling Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 12573 Issue Pages 330-341  
  Keywords  
  Abstract People suffering Bipolar Disorder (BD) experiment changes in mood status having depressive or manic episodes with normal periods in the middle. BD is a chronic disease with a high level of non-adherence to medication that needs a continuous monitoring of patients to detect when they relapse in an episode, so that physicians can take care of them. Here we present MoodRecord, an easy-to-use, non-intrusive, multilingual, robust and scalable platform suitable for home monitoring patients with BD, that allows physicians and relatives to track the patient state and get alarms when abnormalities occur.

MoodRecord takes advantage of the capabilities of smartphones as a communication and recording device to do a continuous monitoring of patients. It automatically records user activity, and asks the user to answer some questions or to record himself in video, according to a predefined plan designed by physicians. The video is analysed, recognising the mood status from images and bipolar assessment scores are extracted from speech parameters. The data obtained from the different sources are merged periodically to observe if a relapse may start and if so, raise the corresponding alarm. The application got a positive evaluation in a pilot with users from three different countries. During the pilot, the predictions of the voice and image modules showed a coherent correlation with the diagnosis performed by clinicians.
 
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference MMM  
  Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CEE2021 Serial 3659  
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Author Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title Real-time Isolated Hand Sign Language RecognitioN Using Deep Networks and SVD Type Journal
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 13 Issue Pages 591–611  
  Keywords  
  Abstract One of the challenges in computer vision models, especially sign language, is real-time recognition. In this work, we present a simple yet low-complex and efficient model, comprising single shot detector, 2D convolutional neural network, singular value decomposition (SVD), and long short term memory, to real-time isolated hand sign language recognition (IHSLR) from RGB video. We employ the SVD method as an efficient, compact, and discriminative feature extractor from the estimated 3D hand keypoints coordinators. Despite the previous works that employ the estimated 3D hand keypoints coordinates as raw features, we propose a novel and revolutionary way to apply the SVD to the estimated 3D hand keypoints coordinates to get more discriminative features. SVD method is also applied to the geometric relations between the consecutive segments of each finger in each hand and also the angles between these sections. We perform a detailed analysis of recognition time and accuracy. One of our contributions is that this is the first time that the SVD method is applied to the hand pose parameters. Results on four datasets, RKS-PERSIANSIGN (99.5±0.04), First-Person (91±0.06), ASVID (93±0.05), and isoGD (86.1±0.04), confirm the efficiency of our method in both accuracy (mean+std) and time recognition. Furthermore, our model outperforms or gets competitive results with the state-of-the-art alternatives in IHSLR and hand action recognition.  
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  Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RKE2022a Serial 3660  
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Author Ajian Liu; Zichang Tan; Jun Wan; Sergio Escalera; Guodong Guo; Stan Z. Li edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title CASIA-SURF CeFA: A Benchmark for Multi-modal Cross-Ethnicity Face Anti-Spoofing Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume Issue Pages 1178-1186  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The issue of ethnic bias has proven to affect the performance of face recognition in previous works, while it still remains to be vacant in face anti-spoofing. Therefore, in order to study the ethnic bias for face anti-spoofing, we introduce the largest CASIA-SURF Cross-ethnicity Face Anti-spoofing (CeFA) dataset, covering 3 ethnicities, 3 modalities, 1,607 subjects, and 2D plus 3D attack types. Five protocols are introduced to measure the affect under varied evaluation conditions, such as cross-ethnicity, unknown spoofs or both of them. As our knowledge, CASIA-SURF CeFA is the first dataset including explicit ethnic labels in current released datasets. Then, we propose a novel multi-modal fusion method as a strong baseline to alleviate the ethnic bias, which employs a partially shared fusion strategy to learn complementary information from multiple modalities. Extensive experiments have been conducted on the proposed dataset to verify its significance and generalization capability for other existing datasets, i.e., CASIA-SURF, OULU-NPU and SiW datasets. The dataset is available at https://sites.google.com/qq.com/face-anti-spoofing/welcome/challengecvpr2020?authuser=0.  
  Address Virtual; January 2021  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference WACV  
  Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ LTW2021 Serial 3661  
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Author Ali Furkan Biten; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Let there be a clock on the beach: Reducing Object Hallucination in Image Captioning Type Conference Article
  Year 2022 Publication Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume Issue Pages 1381-1390  
  Keywords Measurement; Training; Visualization; Analytical models; Computer vision; Computational modeling; Training data  
  Abstract Explaining an image with missing or non-existent objects is known as object bias (hallucination) in image captioning. This behaviour is quite common in the state-of-the-art captioning models which is not desirable by humans. To decrease the object hallucination in captioning, we propose three simple yet efficient training augmentation method for sentences which requires no new training data or increase
in the model size. By extensive analysis, we show that the proposed methods can significantly diminish our models’ object bias on hallucination metrics. Moreover, we experimentally demonstrate that our methods decrease the dependency on the visual features. All of our code, configuration files and model weights are available online.
 
  Address Virtual; Waikoloa; Hawai; USA; January 2022  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference WACV  
  Notes DAG; 600.155; 302.105 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BGK2022 Serial 3662  
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Author Ali Furkan Biten; Andres Mafla; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Is An Image Worth Five Sentences? A New Look into Semantics for Image-Text Matching Type Conference Article
  Year 2022 Publication Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume Issue Pages 1391-1400  
  Keywords Measurement; Training; Integrated circuits; Annotations; Semantics; Training data; Semisupervised learning  
  Abstract The task of image-text matching aims to map representations from different modalities into a common joint visual-textual embedding. However, the most widely used datasets for this task, MSCOCO and Flickr30K, are actually image captioning datasets that offer a very limited set of relationships between images and sentences in their ground-truth annotations. This limited ground truth information forces us to use evaluation metrics based on binary relevance: given a sentence query we consider only one image as relevant. However, many other relevant images or captions may be present in the dataset. In this work, we propose two metrics that evaluate the degree of semantic relevance of retrieved items, independently of their annotated binary relevance. Additionally, we incorporate a novel strategy that uses an image captioning metric, CIDEr, to define a Semantic Adaptive Margin (SAM) to be optimized in a standard triplet loss. By incorporating our formulation to existing models, a large improvement is obtained in scenarios where available training data is limited. We also demonstrate that the performance on the annotated image-caption pairs is maintained while improving on other non-annotated relevant items when employing the full training set. The code for our new metric can be found at github. com/furkanbiten/ncsmetric and the model implementation at github. com/andrespmd/semanticadaptive_margin.  
  Address Virtual; Waikoloa; Hawai; USA; January 2022  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference WACV  
  Notes DAG; 600.155; 302.105; Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BMG2022 Serial 3663  
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Author Michael Teutsch; Angel Sappa; Riad I. Hammoud edit  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Computer Vision in the Infrared Spectrum: Challenges and Approaches Type Book Whole
  Year 2021 Publication Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 1-138  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Human visual perception is limited to the visual-optical spectrum. Machine vision is not. Cameras sensitive to the different infrared spectra can enhance the abilities of autonomous systems and visually perceive the environment in a holistic way. Relevant scene content can be made visible especially in situations, where sensors of other modalities face issues like a visual-optical camera that needs a source of illumination. As a consequence, not only human mistakes can be avoided by increasing the level of automation, but also machine-induced errors can be reduced that, for example, could make a self-driving car crash into a pedestrian under difficult illumination conditions. Furthermore, multi-spectral sensor systems with infrared imagery as one modality are a rich source of information and can provably increase the robustness of many autonomous systems. Applications that can benefit from utilizing infrared imagery range from robotics to automotive and from biometrics to surveillance. In this book, we provide a brief yet concise introduction to the current state-of-the-art of computer vision and machine learning in the infrared spectrum. Based on various popular computer vision tasks such as image enhancement, object detection, or object tracking, we first motivate each task starting from established literature in the visual-optical spectrum. Then, we discuss the differences between processing images and videos in the visual-optical spectrum and the various infrared spectra. An overview of the current literature is provided together with an outlook for each task. Furthermore, available and annotated public datasets and common evaluation methods and metrics are presented. In a separate chapter, popular applications that can greatly benefit from the use of infrared imagery as a data source are presented and discussed. Among them are automatic target recognition, video surveillance, or biometrics including face recognition. Finally, we conclude with recommendations for well-fitting sensor setups and data processing algorithms for certain computer vision tasks. We address this book to prospective researchers and engineers new to the field but also to anyone who wants to get introduced to the challenges and the approaches of computer vision using infrared images or videos. Readers will be able to start their work directly after reading the book supported by a highly comprehensive backlog of recent and relevant literature as well as related infrared datasets including existing evaluation frameworks. Together with consistently decreasing costs for infrared cameras, new fields of application appear and make computer vision in the infrared spectrum a great opportunity to face nowadays scientific and engineering challenges.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-1636392431 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes MSIAU Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TSH2021 Serial 3666  
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Author Henry Velesaca; Patricia Suarez; Dario Carpio; Angel Sappa edit  url
openurl 
  Title Synthesized Image Datasets: Towards an Annotation-Free Instance Segmentation Strategy Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication 16th International Symposium on Visual Computing Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 13017 Issue Pages 131–143  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper presents a complete pipeline to perform deep learning-based instance segmentation of different types of grains (e.g., corn, sunflower, soybeans, lentils, chickpeas, mote, and beans). The proposed approach consists of using synthesized image datasets for the training process, which are easily generated according to the category of the instance to be segmented. The synthesized imaging process allows generating a large set of well-annotated grain samples with high variability—as large and high as the user requires. Instance segmentation is performed through a popular deep learning based approach, the Mask R-CNN architecture, but any learning-based instance segmentation approach can be considered. Results obtained by the proposed pipeline show that the strategy of using synthesized image datasets for training instance segmentation helps to avoid the time-consuming image annotation stage, as well as to achieve higher intersection over union and average precision performances. Results obtained with different varieties of grains are shown, as well as comparisons with manually annotated images, showing both the simplicity of the process and the improvements in the performance.  
  Address Virtual; October 2021  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ISVC  
  Notes MSIAU Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ VSC2021 Serial 3667  
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Author Patricia Suarez; Dario Carpio; Angel Sappa edit  url
openurl 
  Title Non-homogeneous Haze Removal Through a Multiple Attention Module Architecture Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication 16th International Symposium on Visual Computing Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 13018 Issue Pages 178–190  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper presents a novel attention based architecture to remove non-homogeneous haze. The proposed model is focused on obtaining the most representative characteristics of the image, at each learning cycle, by means of adaptive attention modules coupled with a residual learning convolutional network. The latter is based on the Res2Net model. The proposed architecture is trained with just a few set of images. Its performance is evaluated on a public benchmark—images from the non-homogeneous haze NTIRE 2021 challenge—and compared with state of the art approaches reaching the best result.  
  Address Virtual; October 2021  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ISVC  
  Notes MSIAU Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SCS2021 Serial 3668  
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Author Javad Zolfaghari Bengar; Joost Van de Weijer; Bartlomiej Twardowski; Bogdan Raducanu edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title Reducing Label Effort: Self- Supervised Meets Active Learning Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume Issue Pages 1631-1639  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Active learning is a paradigm aimed at reducing the annotation effort by training the model on actively selected informative and/or representative samples. Another paradigm to reduce the annotation effort is self-training that learns from a large amount of unlabeled data in an unsupervised way and fine-tunes on few labeled samples. Recent developments in self-training have achieved very impressive results rivaling supervised learning on some datasets. The current work focuses on whether the two paradigms can benefit from each other. We studied object recognition datasets including CIFAR10, CIFAR100 and Tiny ImageNet with several labeling budgets for the evaluations. Our experiments reveal that self-training is remarkably more efficient than active learning at reducing the labeling effort, that for a low labeling budget, active learning offers no benefit to self-training, and finally that the combination of active learning and self-training is fruitful when the labeling budget is high. The performance gap between active learning trained either with self-training or from scratch diminishes as we approach to the point where almost half of the dataset is labeled.  
  Address October 2021  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICCVW  
  Notes LAMP; Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ZVT2021 Serial 3672  
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Author Javad Zolfaghari Bengar; Bogdan Raducanu; Joost Van de Weijer edit  url
openurl 
  Title When Deep Learners Change Their Mind: Learning Dynamics for Active Learning Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication 19th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 13052 Issue 1 Pages 403-413  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Active learning aims to select samples to be annotated that yield the largest performance improvement for the learning algorithm. Many methods approach this problem by measuring the informativeness of samples and do this based on the certainty of the network predictions for samples. However, it is well-known that neural networks are overly confident about their prediction and are therefore an untrustworthy source to assess sample informativeness. In this paper, we propose a new informativeness-based active learning method. Our measure is derived from the learning dynamics of a neural network. More precisely we track the label assignment of the unlabeled data pool during the training of the algorithm. We capture the learning dynamics with a metric called label-dispersion, which is low when the network consistently assigns the same label to the sample during the training of the network and high when the assigned label changes frequently. We show that label-dispersion is a promising predictor of the uncertainty of the network, and show on two benchmark datasets that an active learning algorithm based on label-dispersion obtains excellent results.  
  Address September 2021  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CAIP  
  Notes LAMP; Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ZRV2021 Serial 3673  
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Author Pau Riba; Sounak Dey; Ali Furkan Biten; Josep Llados edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Localizing Infinity-shaped fishes: Sketch-guided object localization in the wild Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2021 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This work investigates the problem of sketch-guided object localization (SGOL), where human sketches are used as queries to conduct the object localization in natural images. In this cross-modal setting, we first contribute with a tough-to-beat baseline that without any specific SGOL training is able to outperform the previous works on a fixed set of classes. The baseline is useful to analyze the performance of SGOL approaches based on available simple yet powerful methods. We advance prior arts by proposing a sketch-conditioned DETR (DEtection TRansformer) architecture which avoids a hard classification and alleviates the domain gap between sketches and images to localize object instances. Although the main goal of SGOL is focused on object detection, we explored its natural extension to sketch-guided instance segmentation. This novel task allows to move towards identifying the objects at pixel level, which is of key importance in several applications. We experimentally demonstrate that our model and its variants significantly advance over previous state-of-the-art results. All training and testing code of our model will be released to facilitate future researchhttps://github.com/priba/sgol_wild.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RDB2021 Serial 3674  
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Author Albert Suso; Pau Riba; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Josep Llados edit  url
openurl 
  Title A Self-supervised Inverse Graphics Approach for Sketch Parametrization Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication 16th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal (down)  
  Volume 12916 Issue Pages 28-42  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The study of neural generative models of handwritten text and human sketches is a hot topic in the computer vision field. The landmark SketchRNN provided a breakthrough by sequentially generating sketches as a sequence of waypoints, and more recent articles have managed to generate fully vector sketches by coding the strokes as Bézier curves. However, the previous attempts with this approach need them all a ground truth consisting in the sequence of points that make up each stroke, which seriously limits the datasets the model is able to train in. In this work, we present a self-supervised end-to-end inverse graphics approach that learns to embed each image to its best fit of Bézier curves. The self-supervised nature of the training process allows us to train the model in a wider range of datasets, but also to perform better after-training predictions by applying an overfitting process on the input binary image. We report qualitative an quantitative evaluations on the MNIST and the Quick, Draw! datasets.  
  Address Lausanne; Suissa; September 2021  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICDAR  
  Notes DAG; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SRR2021 Serial 3675  
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