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Xavier Perez Sala; Sergio Escalera; Cecilio Angulo; Jordi Gonzalez |
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A survey on model based approaches for 2D and 3D visual human pose recovery |
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2014 |
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Sensors |
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SENS |
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14 |
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3 |
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4189-4210 |
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human pose recovery; human body modelling; behavior analysis; computer vision |
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Human Pose Recovery has been studied in the field of Computer Vision for the last 40 years. Several approaches have been reported, and significant improvements have been obtained in both data representation and model design. However, the problem of Human Pose Recovery in uncontrolled environments is far from being solved. In this paper, we define a general taxonomy to group model based approaches for Human Pose Recovery, which is composed of five main modules: appearance, viewpoint, spatial relations, temporal consistence, and behavior. Subsequently, a methodological comparison is performed following the proposed taxonomy, evaluating current SoA approaches in the aforementioned five group categories. As a result of this comparison, we discuss the main advantages and drawbacks of the reviewed literature. |
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HuPBA; ISE; 600.046; 600.063; 600.078;MILAB |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ PEA2014 |
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2443 |
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Author |
Pichao Wang; Wanqing Li; Philip Ogunbona; Jun Wan; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
RGB-D-based Human Motion Recognition with Deep Learning: A Survey |
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2018 |
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Computer Vision and Image Understanding |
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CVIU |
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171 |
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118-139 |
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Human motion recognition; RGB-D data; Deep learning; Survey |
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Human motion recognition is one of the most important branches of human-centered research activities. In recent years, motion recognition based on RGB-D data has attracted much attention. Along with the development in artificial intelligence, deep learning techniques have gained remarkable success in computer vision. In particular, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have achieved great success for image-based tasks, and recurrent neural networks (RNN) are renowned for sequence-based problems. Specifically, deep learning methods based on the CNN and RNN architectures have been adopted for motion recognition using RGB-D data. In this paper, a detailed overview of recent advances in RGB-D-based motion recognition is presented. The reviewed methods are broadly categorized into four groups, depending on the modality adopted for recognition: RGB-based, depth-based, skeleton-based and RGB+D-based. As a survey focused on the application of deep learning to RGB-D-based motion recognition, we explicitly discuss the advantages and limitations of existing techniques. Particularly, we highlighted the methods of encoding spatial-temporal-structural information inherent in video sequence, and discuss potential directions for future research. |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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Admin @ si @ WLO2018 |
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3123 |
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Daniel Sanchez; Miguel Angel Bautista; Sergio Escalera |
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HuPBA 8k+: Dataset and ECOC-GraphCut based Segmentation of Human Limbs |
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2015 |
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Neurocomputing |
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NEUCOM |
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150 |
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A |
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173–188 |
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Human limb segmentation; ECOC; Graph-Cuts |
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Human multi-limb segmentation in RGB images has attracted a lot of interest in the research community because of the huge amount of possible applications in fields like Human-Computer Interaction, Surveillance, eHealth, or Gaming. Nevertheless, human multi-limb segmentation is a very hard task because of the changes in appearance produced by different points of view, clothing, lighting conditions, occlusions, and number of articulations of the human body. Furthermore, this huge pose variability makes the availability of large annotated datasets difficult. In this paper, we introduce the HuPBA8k+ dataset. The dataset contains more than 8000 labeled frames at pixel precision, including more than 120000 manually labeled samples of 14 different limbs. For completeness, the dataset is also labeled at frame-level with action annotations drawn from an 11 action dictionary which includes both single person actions and person-person interactive actions. Furthermore, we also propose a two-stage approach for the segmentation of human limbs. In a first stage, human limbs are trained using cascades of classifiers to be split in a tree-structure way, which is included in an Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) framework to define a body-like probability map. This map is used to obtain a binary mask of the subject by means of GMM color modelling and GraphCuts theory. In a second stage, we embed a similar tree-structure in an ECOC framework to build a more accurate set of limb-like probability maps within the segmented user mask, that are fed to a multi-label GraphCut procedure to obtain final multi-limb segmentation. The methodology is tested on the novel HuPBA8k+ dataset, showing performance improvements in comparison to state-of-the-art approaches. In addition, a baseline of standard action recognition methods for the 11 actions categories of the novel dataset is also provided. |
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HuPBA;MILAB |
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Admin @ si @ SBE2015 |
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2552 |
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Cristina Palmero; Albert Clapes; Chris Bahnsen; Andreas Møgelmose; Thomas B. Moeslund; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Multi-modal RGB-Depth-Thermal Human Body Segmentation |
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2016 |
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International Journal of Computer Vision |
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IJCV |
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118 |
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2 |
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217-239 |
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Human body segmentation; RGB ; Depth Thermal |
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This work addresses the problem of human body segmentation from multi-modal visual cues as a first stage of automatic human behavior analysis. We propose a novel RGB–depth–thermal dataset along with a multi-modal segmentation baseline. The several modalities are registered using a calibration device and a registration algorithm. Our baseline extracts regions of interest using background subtraction, defines a partitioning of the foreground regions into cells, computes a set of image features on those cells using different state-of-the-art feature extractions, and models the distribution of the descriptors per cell using probabilistic models. A supervised learning algorithm then fuses the output likelihoods over cells in a stacked feature vector representation. The baseline, using Gaussian mixture models for the probabilistic modeling and Random Forest for the stacked learning, is superior to other state-of-the-art methods, obtaining an overlap above 75 % on the novel dataset when compared to the manually annotated ground-truth of human segmentations. |
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Springer US |
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HuPBA;MILAB; |
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Admin @ si @ PCB2016 |
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2767 |
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Author |
Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Multi-Modal Deep Hand Sign Language Recognition in Still Images Using Restricted Boltzmann Machine |
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2018 |
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Entropy |
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ENTROPY |
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20 |
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11 |
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809 |
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hand sign language; deep learning; restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM); multi-modal; profoundly deaf; noisy image |
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In this paper, a deep learning approach, Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), is used to perform automatic hand sign language recognition from visual data. We evaluate how RBM, as a deep generative model, is capable of generating the distribution of the input data for an enhanced recognition of unseen data. Two modalities, RGB and Depth, are considered in the model input in three forms: original image, cropped image, and noisy cropped image. Five crops of the input image are used and the hand of these cropped images are detected using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). After that, three types of the detected hand images are generated for each modality and input to RBMs. The outputs of the RBMs for two modalities are fused in another RBM in order to recognize the output sign label of the input image. The proposed multi-modal model is trained on all and part of the American alphabet and digits of four publicly available datasets. We also evaluate the robustness of the proposal against noise. Experimental results show that the proposed multi-modal model, using crops and the RBM fusing methodology, achieves state-of-the-art results on Massey University Gesture Dataset 2012, American Sign Language (ASL). and Fingerspelling Dataset from the University of Surrey’s Center for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, NYU, and ASL Fingerspelling A datasets. |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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Admin @ si @ RKE2018 |
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3198 |
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