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Author Giacomo Magnifico; Beata Megyesi; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Lost in Transcription of Graphic Signs in Ciphers Type Conference Article
  Year 2022 Publication International Conference on Historical Cryptology (HistoCrypt 2022) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 153-158  
  Keywords transcription of ciphers; hand-written text recognition of symbols; graphic signs  
  Abstract Hand-written Text Recognition techniques with the aim to automatically identify and transcribe hand-written text have been applied to historical sources including ciphers. In this paper, we compare the performance of two machine learning architectures, an unsupervised method based on clustering and a deep learning method with few-shot learning. Both models are tested on seen and unseen data from historical ciphers with different symbol sets consisting of various types of graphic signs. We compare the models and highlight their differences in performance, with their advantages and shortcomings.  
  Address Amsterdam, Netherlands, June 20-22, 2022  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference HystoCrypt  
  Notes DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230; 600.140 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MBS2022 Serial 3731  
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Author Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Sanket Biswas; Andres Mafla; Ali Furkan Biten; Alicia Fornes; Yousri Kessentini; Josep Llados; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit  url
openurl 
  Title Text-DIAE: a self-supervised degradation invariant autoencoder for text recognition and document enhancement Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages  
  Keywords Representation Learning for Vision; CV Applications; CV Language and Vision; ML Unsupervised; Self-Supervised Learning  
  Abstract In this paper, we propose a Text-Degradation Invariant Auto Encoder (Text-DIAE), a self-supervised model designed to tackle two tasks, text recognition (handwritten or scene-text) and document image enhancement. We start by employing a transformer-based architecture that incorporates three pretext tasks as learning objectives to be optimized during pre-training without the usage of labelled data. Each of the pretext objectives is specifically tailored for the final downstream tasks. We conduct several ablation experiments that confirm the design choice of the selected pretext tasks. Importantly, the proposed model does not exhibit limitations of previous state-of-the-art methods based on contrastive losses, while at the same time requiring substantially fewer data samples to converge. Finally, we demonstrate that our method surpasses the state-of-the-art in existing supervised and self-supervised settings in handwritten and scene text recognition and document image enhancement. Our code and trained models will be made publicly available at https://github.com/dali92002/SSL-OCR  
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  Area Expedition Conference AAAI  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SBM2023 Serial 3848  
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Author Khanh Nguyen; Ali Furkan Biten; Andres Mafla; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit  url
openurl 
  Title Show, Interpret and Tell: Entity-Aware Contextualised Image Captioning in Wikipedia Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 1940-1948  
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  Abstract Humans exploit prior knowledge to describe images, and are able to adapt their explanation to specific contextual information given, even to the extent of inventing plausible explanations when contextual information and images do not match. In this work, we propose the novel task of captioning Wikipedia images by integrating contextual knowledge. Specifically, we produce models that jointly reason over Wikipedia articles, Wikimedia images and their associated descriptions to produce contextualized captions. The same Wikimedia image can be used to illustrate different articles, and the produced caption needs to be adapted to the specific context allowing us to explore the limits of the model to adjust captions to different contextual information. Dealing with out-of-dictionary words and Named Entities is a challenging task in this domain. To address this, we propose a pre-training objective, Masked Named Entity Modeling (MNEM), and show that this pretext task results to significantly improved models. Furthermore, we verify that a model pre-trained in Wikipedia generalizes well to News Captioning datasets. We further define two different test splits according to the difficulty of the captioning task. We offer insights on the role and the importance of each modality and highlight the limitations of our model.  
  Address Washington; USA; February 2023  
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  Area Expedition Conference AAAI  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ NBM2023 Serial 3860  
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Author Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Pau Torras; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes edit  url
openurl 
  Title An Evaluation of Handwritten Text Recognition Methods for Historical Ciphered Manuscripts Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication 7th International Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 7-12  
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  Abstract This paper investigates the effectiveness of different deep learning HTR families, including LSTM, Seq2Seq, and transformer-based approaches with self-supervised pretraining, in recognizing ciphered manuscripts from different historical periods and cultures. The goal is to identify the most suitable method or training techniques for recognizing ciphered manuscripts and to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities in this field of research. We evaluate the performance of these models on several datasets of ciphered manuscripts and discuss their results. This study contributes to the development of more accurate and efficient methods for recognizing historical manuscripts for the preservation and dissemination of our cultural heritage.  
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  Area Expedition Conference HIP  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ STC2023 Serial 3849  
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Author Raul Gomez; Yahui Liu; Marco de Nadai; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Bruno Lepri; Nicu Sebe edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Retrieval Guided Unsupervised Multi-domain Image to Image Translation Type Conference Article
  Year 2020 Publication 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedia Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Abstract Image to image translation aims to learn a mapping that transforms an image from one visual domain to another. Recent works assume that images descriptors can be disentangled into a domain-invariant content representation and a domain-specific style representation. Thus, translation models seek to preserve the content of source images while changing the style to a target visual domain. However, synthesizing new images is extremely challenging especially in multi-domain translations, as the network has to compose content and style to generate reliable and diverse images in multiple domains. In this paper we propose the use of an image retrieval system to assist the image-to-image translation task. First, we train an image-to-image translation model to map images to multiple domains. Then, we train an image retrieval model using real and generated images to find images similar to a query one in content but in a different domain. Finally, we exploit the image retrieval system to fine-tune the image-to-image translation model and generate higher quality images. Our experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed solution and highlight the contribution of the retrieval network, which can benefit from additional unlabeled data and help image-to-image translation models in the presence of scarce data.  
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  Area Expedition Conference ACM  
  Notes DAG; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GLN2020 Serial 3497  
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Author Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Joana Maria Pujadas-Mora edit  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Browsing of the Social Network of the Past: Information Extraction from Population Manuscript Images Type Book Chapter
  Year 2020 Publication Handwritten Historical Document Analysis, Recognition, and Retrieval – State of the Art and Future Trends Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher World Scientific Place of Publication Editor  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-981-120-323-7 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.140; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FLP2020 Serial 3350  
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Author Beata Megyesi; Bernhard Esslinger; Alicia Fornes; Nils Kopal; Benedek Lang; George Lasry; Karl de Leeuw; Eva Pettersson; Arno Wacker; Michelle Waldispuhl edit  url
openurl 
  Title Decryption of historical manuscripts: the DECRYPT project Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Cryptologia Abbreviated Journal CRYPT  
  Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 545-559  
  Keywords automatic decryption; cipher collection; historical cryptology; image transcription  
  Abstract Many historians and linguists are working individually and in an uncoordinated fashion on the identification and decryption of historical ciphers. This is a time-consuming process as they often work without access to automatic methods and processes that can accelerate the decipherment. At the same time, computer scientists and cryptologists are developing algorithms to decrypt various cipher types without having access to a large number of original ciphertexts. In this paper, we describe the DECRYPT project aiming at the creation of resources and tools for historical cryptology by bringing the expertise of various disciplines together for collecting data, exchanging methods for faster progress to transcribe, decrypt and contextualize historical encrypted manuscripts. We present our goals and work-in progress of a general approach for analyzing historical encrypted manuscripts using standardized methods and a new set of state-of-the-art tools. We release the data and tools as open-source hoping that all mentioned disciplines would benefit and contribute to the research infrastructure of historical cryptology.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.140; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MEF2020 Serial 3347  
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Author Thanh Ha Do; Salvatore Tabbone; Oriol Ramos Terrades edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Sparse representation over learned dictionary for symbol recognition Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Signal Processing Abbreviated Journal SP  
  Volume 125 Issue Pages 36-47  
  Keywords Symbol Recognition; Sparse Representation; Learned Dictionary; Shape Context; Interest Points  
  Abstract In this paper we propose an original sparse vector model for symbol retrieval task. More speci cally, we apply the K-SVD algorithm for learning a visual dictionary based on symbol descriptors locally computed around interest points. Results on benchmark datasets show that the obtained sparse representation is competitive related to state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, our sparse representation is invariant to rotation and scale transforms and also robust to degraded images and distorted symbols. Thereby, the learned visual dictionary is able to represent instances of unseen classes of symbols.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.061; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DTR2016 Serial 2946  
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Author Arka Ujjal Dey; Suman Ghosh; Ernest Valveny; Gaurav Harit edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Beyond Visual Semantics: Exploring the Role of Scene Text in Image Understanding Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 149 Issue Pages 164-171  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Images with visual and scene text content are ubiquitous in everyday life. However, current image interpretation systems are mostly limited to using only the visual features, neglecting to leverage the scene text content. In this paper, we propose to jointly use scene text and visual channels for robust semantic interpretation of images. We do not only extract and encode visual and scene text cues, but also model their interplay to generate a contextual joint embedding with richer semantics. The contextual embedding thus generated is applied to retrieval and classification tasks on multimedia images, with scene text content, to demonstrate its effectiveness. In the retrieval framework, we augment our learned text-visual semantic representation with scene text cues, to mitigate vocabulary misses that may have occurred during the semantic embedding. To deal with irrelevant or erroneous recognition of scene text, we also apply query-based attention to our text channel. We show how the multi-channel approach, involving visual semantics and scene text, improves upon state of the art.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DGV2021 Serial 3364  
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Author Arnau Baro; Pau Riba; Jorge Calvo-Zaragoza; Alicia Fornes edit  url
openurl 
  Title From Optical Music Recognition to Handwritten Music Recognition: a Baseline Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 123 Issue Pages 1-8  
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  Abstract Optical Music Recognition (OMR) is the branch of document image analysis that aims to convert images of musical scores into a computer-readable format. Despite decades of research, the recognition of handwritten music scores, concretely the Western notation, is still an open problem, and the few existing works only focus on a specific stage of OMR. In this work, we propose a full Handwritten Music Recognition (HMR) system based on Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks, data augmentation and transfer learning, that can serve as a baseline for the research community.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.097; 601.302; 601.330; 600.140; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BRC2019 Serial 3275  
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