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Author |
Mohammed Al Rawi; Ernest Valveny |
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Title |
Compact and Efficient Multitask Learning in Vision, Language and Speech |
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Conference Article |
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2019 |
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IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops |
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2933-2942 |
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Across-domain multitask learning is a challenging area of computer vision and machine learning due to the intra-similarities among class distributions. Addressing this problem to cope with the human cognition system by considering inter and intra-class categorization and recognition complicates the problem even further. We propose in this work an effective holistic and hierarchical learning by using a text embedding layer on top of a deep learning model. We also propose a novel sensory discriminator approach to resolve the collisions between different tasks and domains. We then train the model concurrently on textual sentiment analysis, speech recognition, image classification, action recognition from video, and handwriting word spotting of two different scripts (Arabic and English). The model we propose successfully learned different tasks across multiple domains. |
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Seul; Korea; October 2019 |
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ICCVW |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.129 |
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Admin @ si @ RaV2019 |
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3365 |
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Author |
Marçal Rusiñol; David Aldavert; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Towards Query-by-Speech Handwritten Keyword Spotting |
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Conference Article |
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2015 |
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13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015 |
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501-505 |
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In this paper, we present a new querying paradigm for handwritten keyword spotting. We propose to represent handwritten word images both by visual and audio representations, enabling a query-by-speech keyword spotting system. The two representations are merged together and projected to a common sub-space in the training phase. This transform allows to, given a spoken query, retrieve word instances that were only represented by the visual modality. In addition, the same method can be used backwards at no additional cost to produce a handwritten text-tospeech system. We present our first results on this new querying mechanism using synthetic voices over the George Washington
dataset. |
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Nancy; France; August 2015 |
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ICDAR |
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DAG; 600.084; 600.061; 601.223; 600.077;ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ RAT2015b |
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2682 |
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Author |
Marçal Rusiñol; David Aldavert; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Efficient segmentation-free keyword spotting in historical document collections |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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48 |
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2 |
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545–555 |
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Historical documents; Keyword spotting; Segmentation-free; Dense SIFT features; Latent semantic analysis; Product quantization |
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In this paper we present an efficient segmentation-free word spotting method, applied in the context of historical document collections, that follows the query-by-example paradigm. We use a patch-based framework where local patches are described by a bag-of-visual-words model powered by SIFT descriptors. By projecting the patch descriptors to a topic space with the latent semantic analysis technique and compressing the descriptors with the product quantization method, we are able to efficiently index the document information both in terms of memory and time. The proposed method is evaluated using four different collections of historical documents achieving good performances on both handwritten and typewritten scenarios. The yielded performances outperform the recent state-of-the-art keyword spotting approaches. |
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DAG; ADAS; 600.076; 600.077; 600.061; 601.223; 602.006; 600.055 |
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Admin @ si @ RAT2015a |
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2544 |
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Author |
Marçal Rusiñol; David Aldavert; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Browsing Heterogeneous Document Collections by a Segmentation-Free Word Spotting Method |
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2011 |
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11th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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63-67 |
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In this paper, we present a segmentation-free word spotting method that is able to deal with heterogeneous document image collections. We propose a patch-based framework where patches are represented by a bag-of-visual-words model powered by SIFT descriptors. A later refinement of the feature vectors is performed by applying the latent semantic indexing technique. The proposed method performs well on both handwritten and typewritten historical document images. We have also tested our method on documents written in non-Latin scripts. |
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Beijing, China |
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ICDAR |
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DAG;ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ RAT2011 |
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1788 |
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Author |
Mohammed Al Rawi; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
On the Labeling Correctness in Computer Vision Datasets |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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Proceedings of the Workshop on Interactive Adaptive Learning, co-located with European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases |
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Image datasets have heavily been used to build computer vision systems.
These datasets are either manually or automatically labeled, which is a
problem as both labeling methods are prone to errors. To investigate this problem, we use a majority voting ensemble that combines the results from several Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Majority voting ensembles not only enhance the overall performance, but can also be used to estimate the confidence level of each sample. We also examined Softmax as another form to estimate posterior probability. We have designed various experiments with a range of different ensembles built from one or different, or temporal/snapshot CNNs, which have been trained multiple times stochastically. We analyzed CIFAR10, CIFAR100, EMNIST, and SVHN datasets and we found quite a few incorrect
labels, both in the training and testing sets. We also present detailed confidence analysis on these datasets and we found that the ensemble is better than the Softmax when used estimate the per-sample confidence. This work thus proposes an approach that can be used to scrutinize and verify the labeling of computer vision datasets, which can later be applied to weakly/semi-supervised learning. We propose a measure, based on the Odds-Ratio, to quantify how many of these incorrectly classified labels are actually incorrectly labeled and how many of these are confusing. The proposed methods are easily scalable to larger datasets, like ImageNet, LSUN and SUN, as each CNN instance is trained for 60 epochs; or even faster, by implementing a temporal (snapshot) ensemble. |
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ECML-PKDDW |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.129 |
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Admin @ si @ RaK2018 |
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3144 |
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Marçal Rusiñol; David Aldavert; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Interactive Trademark Image Retrieval by Fusing Semantic and Visual Content. Advances in Information Retrieval |
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Conference Article |
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2011 |
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33rd European Conference on Information Retrieval |
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6611 |
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314-325 |
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In this paper we propose an efficient queried-by-example retrieval system which is able to retrieve trademark images by similarity from patent and trademark offices' digital libraries. Logo images are described by both their semantic content, by means of the Vienna codes, and their visual contents, by using shape and color as visual cues. The trademark descriptors are then indexed by a locality-sensitive hashing data structure aiming to perform approximate k-NN search in high dimensional spaces in sub-linear time. The resulting ranked lists are combined by using the Condorcet method and a relevance feedback step helps to iteratively revise the query and refine the obtained results. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of this system on a realistic and large dataset. |
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Dublin, Ireland |
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Springer |
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Berlin |
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P. Clough; C. Foley; C. Gurrin; G.J.F. Jones; W. Kraaij; H. Lee; V. Murdoch |
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978-3-642-20160-8 |
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ECIR |
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DAG; RV;ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ RAK2011 |
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1737 |
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Pau Riba; Jon Almazan; Alicia Fornes; David Fernandez; Ernest Valveny; Josep Llados |
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Title |
e-Crowds: a mobile platform for browsing and searching in historical demographyrelated manuscripts |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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14th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition |
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228 - 233 |
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This paper presents a prototype system running on portable devices for browsing and word searching through historical handwritten document collections. The platform adapts the paradigm of eBook reading, where the narrative is not necessarily sequential, but centered on the user actions. The novelty is to replace digitally born books by digitized historical manuscripts of marriage licenses, so document analysis tasks are required in the browser. With an active reading paradigm, the user can cast queries of people names, so he/she can implicitly follow genealogical links. In addition, the system allows combined searches: the user can refine a search by adding more words to search. As a second contribution, the retrieval functionality involves as a core technology a word spotting module with an unified approach, which allows combined query searches, and also two input modalities: query-by-example, and query-by-string. |
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Creete Island; Grecia; September 2014 |
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2167-6445 |
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978-1-4799-4335-7 |
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ICFHR |
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DAG; 600.056; 600.045; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ RAF2014 |
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2463 |
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D. Perez; L. Tarazon; N. Serrano; F.M. Castro; Oriol Ramos Terrades; A. Juan |
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The GERMANA Database |
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2009 |
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10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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301-305 |
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A new handwritten text database, GERMANA, is presented to facilitate empirical comparison of different approaches to text line extraction and off-line handwriting recognition. GERMANA is the result of digitising and annotating a 764-page Spanish manuscript from 1891, in which most pages only contain nearly calligraphed text written on ruled sheets of well-separated lines. To our knowledge, it is the first publicly available database for handwriting research, mostly written in Spanish and comparable in size to standard databases. Due to its sequential book structure, it is also well-suited for realistic assessment of interactive handwriting recognition systems. To provide baseline results for reference in future studies, empirical results are also reported, using standard techniques and tools for preprocessing, feature extraction, HMM-based image modelling, and language modelling. |
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Barcelona; Spain |
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1520-5363 |
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978-1-4244-4500-4 |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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Admin @ si @ PTS2009 |
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1870 |
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C. Alejandro Parraga; Jordi Roca; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Sophie Wuerger |
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Limitations of visual gamma corrections in LCD displays |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Displays |
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Dis |
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35 |
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5 |
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227–239 |
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Display calibration; Psychophysics; Perceptual; Visual gamma correction; Luminance matching; Observer-based calibration |
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A method for estimating the non-linear gamma transfer function of liquid–crystal displays (LCDs) without the need of a photometric measurement device was described by Xiao et al. (2011) [1]. It relies on observer’s judgments of visual luminance by presenting eight half-tone patterns with luminances from 1/9 to 8/9 of the maximum value of each colour channel. These half-tone patterns were distributed over the screen both over the vertical and horizontal viewing axes. We conducted a series of photometric and psychophysical measurements (consisting in the simultaneous presentation of half-tone patterns in each trial) to evaluate whether the angular dependency of the light generated by three different LCD technologies would bias the results of these gamma transfer function estimations. Our results show that there are significant differences between the gamma transfer functions measured and produced by observers at different viewing angles. We suggest appropriate modifications to the Xiao et al. paradigm to counterbalance these artefacts which also have the advantage of shortening the amount of time spent in collecting the psychophysical measurements. |
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CIC; DAG; 600.052; 600.077; 600.074 |
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Admin @ si @ PRK2014 |
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2511 |
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Ruben Tito; Khanh Nguyen; Marlon Tobaben; Raouf Kerkouche; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Kangsoo Jung; Lei Kang; Ernest Valveny; Antti Honkela; Mario Fritz; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Privacy-Aware Document Visual Question Answering |
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Miscellaneous |
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2023 |
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Arxiv |
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Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) is a fast growing branch of document understanding. Despite the fact that documents contain sensitive or copyrighted information, none of the current DocVQA methods offers strong privacy guarantees.
In this work, we explore privacy in the domain of DocVQA for the first time. We highlight privacy issues in state of the art multi-modal LLM models used for DocVQA, and explore possible solutions.
Specifically, we focus on the invoice processing use case as a realistic, widely used scenario for document understanding, and propose a large scale DocVQA dataset comprising invoice documents and associated questions and answers. We employ a federated learning scheme, that reflects the real-life distribution of documents in different businesses, and we explore the use case where the ID of the invoice issuer is the sensitive information to be protected.
We demonstrate that non-private models tend to memorise, behaviour that can lead to exposing private information. We then evaluate baseline training schemes employing federated learning and differential privacy in this multi-modal scenario, where the sensitive information might be exposed through any of the two input modalities: vision (document image) or language (OCR tokens).
Finally, we design an attack exploiting the memorisation effect of the model, and demonstrate its effectiveness in probing different DocVQA models. |
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Admin @ si @ PNT2023 |
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4012 |
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