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Author |
M. Olivera; Angel Sappa; Victor Santos |
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Title |
A probabilistic approach for color correction in image mosaicking applications |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
Abbreviated Journal |
TIP |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages  |
508 - 523 |
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Keywords |
Color correction; image mosaicking; color transfer; color palette mapping functions |
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Abstract |
Image mosaicking applications require both geometrical and photometrical registrations between the images that compose the mosaic. This paper proposes a probabilistic color correction algorithm for correcting the photometrical disparities. First, the image to be color corrected is segmented into several regions using mean shift. Then, connected regions are extracted using a region fusion algorithm. Local joint image histograms of each region are modeled as collections of truncated Gaussians using a maximum likelihood estimation procedure. Then, local color palette mapping functions are computed using these sets of Gaussians. The color correction is performed by applying those functions to all the regions of the image. An extensive comparison with ten other state of the art color correction algorithms is presented, using two different image pair data sets. Results show that the proposed approach obtains the best average scores in both data sets and evaluation metrics and is also the most robust to failures. |
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1057-7149 |
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ADAS; 600.076 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ OSS2015b |
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2554 |
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Author |
Angel Sappa; Fadi Dornaika; Daniel Ponsa; David Geronimo; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
An Efficient Approach to Onboard Stereo Vision System Pose Estimation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
TITS |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
476–490 |
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Keywords |
Camera extrinsic parameter estimation, ground plane estimation, onboard stereo vision system |
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This paper presents an efficient technique for estimating the pose of an onboard stereo vision system relative to the environment’s dominant surface area, which is supposed to be the road surface. Unlike previous approaches, it can be used either for urban or highway scenarios since it is not based on a specific visual traffic feature extraction but on 3-D raw data points. The whole process is performed in the Euclidean space and consists of two stages. Initially, a compact 2-D representation of the original 3-D data points is computed. Then, a RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC) based least-squares approach is used to fit a plane to the road. Fast RANSAC fitting is obtained by selecting points according to a probability function that takes into account the density of points at a given depth. Finally, stereo camera height and pitch angle are computed related to the fitted road plane. The proposed technique is intended to be used in driverassistance systems for applications such as vehicle or pedestrian detection. Experimental results on urban environments, which are the most challenging scenarios (i.e., flat/uphill/downhill driving, speed bumps, and car’s accelerations), are presented. These results are validated with manually annotated ground truth. Additionally, comparisons with previous works are presented to show the improvements in the central processing unit processing time, as well as in the accuracy of the obtained results. |
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IEEE |
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ADAS @ adas @ SDP2008 |
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1000 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Theo Gevers; Ferran Diego; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Road Geometry Classification by Adaptative Shape Models |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
TITS |
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14 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
459-468 |
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Keywords |
road detection |
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Abstract |
Vision-based road detection is important for different applications in transportation, such as autonomous driving, vehicle collision warning, and pedestrian crossing detection. Common approaches to road detection are based on low-level road appearance (e.g., color or texture) and neglect of the scene geometry and context. Hence, using only low-level features makes these algorithms highly depend on structured roads, road homogeneity, and lighting conditions. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to classify road geometries for road detection through the analysis of scene composition and temporal coherence. Road geometry classification is proposed by building corresponding models from training images containing prototypical road geometries. We propose adaptive shape models where spatial pyramids are steered by the inherent spatial structure of road images. To reduce the influence of lighting variations, invariant features are used. Large-scale experiments show that the proposed road geometry classifier yields a high recognition rate of 73.57% ± 13.1, clearly outperforming other state-of-the-art methods. Including road shape information improves road detection results over existing appearance-based methods. Finally, it is shown that invariant features and temporal information provide robustness against disturbing imaging conditions. |
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1524-9050 |
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ADAS;ISE |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ AGD2013;; ADAS @ adas @ |
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2269 |
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Author |
Fernando Barrera; Felipe Lumbreras; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
Multimodal Stereo Vision System: 3D Data Extraction and Algorithm Evaluation |
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Year |
2012 |
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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing |
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J-STSP |
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6 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
437-446 |
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This paper proposes an imaging system for computing sparse depth maps from multispectral images. A special stereo head consisting of an infrared and a color camera defines the proposed multimodal acquisition system. The cameras are rigidly attached so that their image planes are parallel. Details about the calibration and image rectification procedure are provided. Sparse disparity maps are obtained by the combined use of mutual information enriched with gradient information. The proposed approach is evaluated using a Receiver Operating Characteristics curve. Furthermore, a multispectral dataset, color and infrared images, together with their corresponding ground truth disparity maps, is generated and used as a test bed. Experimental results in real outdoor scenarios are provided showing its viability and that the proposed approach is not restricted to a specific domain. |
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1932-4553 |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ BLS2012b |
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2155 |
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Author |
Fadi Dornaika; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
Evaluation of an Appearance-based 3D Face Tracker using Dense 3D Data |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Machine Vision and Applications |
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19 |
Issue |
5-6 |
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427–441 |
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ADAS |
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ADAS @ adas @ DoS2008b |
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1018 |
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Author |
Antonio Lopez; Joan Serrat; Cristina Cañero; Felipe Lumbreras; T. Graf |
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Title |
Robust lane markings detection and road geometry computation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
International Journal of Automotive Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
IJAT |
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11 |
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3 |
Pages |
395–407 |
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lane markings |
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Detection of lane markings based on a camera sensor can be a low-cost solution to lane departure and curve-over-speed warnings. A number of methods and implementations have been reported in the literature. However, reliable detection is still an issue because of cast shadows, worn and occluded markings, variable ambient lighting conditions, for example. We focus on increasing detection reliability in two ways. First, we employed an image feature other than the commonly used edges: ridges, which we claim addresses this problem better. Second, we adapted RANSAC, a generic robust estimation method, to fit a parametric model of a pair of lane lines to the image features, based on both ridgeness and ridge orientation. In addition, the model was fitted for the left and right lane lines simultaneously to enforce a consistent result. Four measures of interest for driver assistance applications were directly computed from the fitted parametric model at each frame: lane width, lane curvature, and vehicle yaw angle and lateral offset with regard the lane medial axis. We qualitatively assessed our method in video sequences captured on several road types and under very different lighting conditions. We also quantitatively assessed it on synthetic but realistic video sequences for which road geometry and vehicle trajectory ground truth are known. |
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The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers |
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1229-9138 |
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ADAS |
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ADAS @ adas @ LSC2010 |
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1300 |
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Author |
Jaume Amores |
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Title |
MILDE: multiple instance learning by discriminative embedding |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
Knowledge and Information Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
KAIS |
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42 |
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2 |
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381-407 |
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Multi-instance learning; Codebook; Bag of words |
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While the objective of the standard supervised learning problem is to classify feature vectors, in the multiple instance learning problem, the objective is to classify bags, where each bag contains multiple feature vectors. This represents a generalization of the standard problem, and this generalization becomes necessary in many real applications such as drug activity prediction, content-based image retrieval, and others. While the existing paradigms are based on learning the discriminant information either at the instance level or at the bag level, we propose to incorporate both levels of information. This is done by defining a discriminative embedding of the original space based on the responses of cluster-adapted instance classifiers. Results clearly show the advantage of the proposed method over the state of the art, where we tested the performance through a variety of well-known databases that come from real problems, and we also included an analysis of the performance using synthetically generated data. |
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Springer London |
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0219-1377 |
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ADAS; 601.042; 600.057; 600.076 |
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Admin @ si @ Amo2015 |
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2383 |
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Author |
Arnau Ramisa; Adriana Tapus; David Aldavert; Ricardo Toledo; Ramon Lopez de Mantaras |
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Title |
Robust Vision-Based Localization using Combinations of Local Feature Regions Detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Autonomous Robots |
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AR |
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27 |
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4 |
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373-385 |
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This paper presents a vision-based approach for mobile robot localization. The model of the environment is topological. The new approach characterizes a place using a signature. This signature consists of a constellation of descriptors computed over different types of local affine covariant regions extracted from an omnidirectional image acquired rotating a standard camera with a pan-tilt unit. This type of representation permits a reliable and distinctive environment modelling. Our objectives were to validate the proposed method in indoor environments and, also, to find out if the combination of complementary local feature region detectors improves the localization versus using a single region detector. Our experimental results show that if false matches are effectively rejected, the combination of different covariant affine region detectors increases notably the performance of the approach by combining the different strengths of the individual detectors. In order to reduce the localization time, two strategies are evaluated: re-ranking the map nodes using a global similarity measure and using standard perspective view field of 45°.
In order to systematically test topological localization methods, another contribution proposed in this work is a novel method to see the degradation in localization performance as the robot moves away from the point where the original signature was acquired. This allows to know the robustness of the proposed signature. In order for this to be effective, it must be done in several, variated, environments that test all the possible situations in which the robot may have to perform localization. |
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0929-5593 |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ RTA2009 |
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1245 |
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Author |
David Geronimo; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez; Ramon Baldrich |
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Title |
Traffic sign recognition for computer vision project-based learning |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Education |
Abbreviated Journal |
T-EDUC |
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56 |
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3 |
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364-371 |
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traffic signs |
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This paper presents a graduate course project on computer vision. The aim of the project is to detect and recognize traffic signs in video sequences recorded by an on-board vehicle camera. This is a demanding problem, given that traffic sign recognition is one of the most challenging problems for driving assistance systems. Equally, it is motivating for the students given that it is a real-life problem. Furthermore, it gives them the opportunity to appreciate the difficulty of real-world vision problems and to assess the extent to which this problem can be solved by modern computer vision and pattern classification techniques taught in the classroom. The learning objectives of the course are introduced, as are the constraints imposed on its design, such as the diversity of students' background and the amount of time they and their instructors dedicate to the course. The paper also describes the course contents, schedule, and how the project-based learning approach is applied. The outcomes of the course are discussed, including both the students' marks and their personal feedback. |
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0018-9359 |
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ADAS; CIC |
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Admin @ si @ GSL2013; ADAS @ adas @ |
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2160 |
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Author |
Javier Marin; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Jaume Amores; Ludmila I. Kuncheva |
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Title |
Occlusion handling via random subspace classifiers for human detection |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (Part B) |
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TSMCB |
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44 |
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3 |
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342-354 |
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Pedestriand Detection; occlusion handling |
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This paper describes a general method to address partial occlusions for human detection in still images. The Random Subspace Method (RSM) is chosen for building a classifier ensemble robust against partial occlusions. The component classifiers are chosen on the basis of their individual and combined performance. The main contribution of this work lies in our approach’s capability to improve the detection rate when partial occlusions are present without compromising the detection performance on non occluded data. In contrast to many recent approaches, we propose a method which does not require manual labelling of body parts, defining any semantic spatial components, or using additional data coming from motion or stereo. Moreover, the method can be easily extended to other object classes. The experiments are performed on three large datasets: the INRIA person dataset, the Daimler Multicue dataset, and a new challenging dataset, called PobleSec, in which a considerable number of targets are partially occluded. The different approaches are evaluated at the classification and detection levels for both partially occluded and non-occluded data. The experimental results show that our detector outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in the presence of partial occlusions, while offering performance and reliability similar to those of the holistic approach on non-occluded data. The datasets used in our experiments have been made publicly available for benchmarking purposes |
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2168-2267 |
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ADAS; 605.203; 600.057; 600.054; 601.042; 601.187; 600.076 |
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ADAS @ adas @ MVL2014 |
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2213 |
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