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Author |
Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Meritxell Joanpere; Nuria Gorgorio; Lluis Albarracin |
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Title |
Mathematics learning opportunities when playing a Tower Defense Game |
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2015 |
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International Journal of Serious Games |
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IJSG |
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2 |
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4 |
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57-71 |
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Tower Defense game; learning opportunities; mathematics; problem solving; game design |
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A qualitative research study is presented herein with the purpose of identifying mathematics learning opportunities in students between 10 and 12 years old while playing a commercial version of a Tower Defense game. These learning opportunities are understood as mathematicisable moments of the game and involve the establishment of relationships between the game and mathematical problem solving. Based on the analysis of these mathematicisable moments, we conclude that the game can promote problem-solving processes and learning opportunities that can be associated with different mathematical contents that appears in mathematics curricula, thought it seems that teacher or new game elements might be needed to facilitate the processes. |
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ADAS; 600.076 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ HJG2015 |
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2730 |
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Author |
Lluis Pere de las Heras; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Sergi Robles; Gemma Sanchez |
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Title |
CVC-FP and SGT: a new database for structural floor plan analysis and its groundtruthing tool |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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IJDAR |
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18 |
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1 |
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15-30 |
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Recent results on structured learning methods have shown the impact of structural information in a wide range of pattern recognition tasks. In the field of document image analysis, there is a long experience on structural methods for the analysis and information extraction of multiple types of documents. Yet, the lack of conveniently annotated and free access databases has not benefited the progress in some areas such as technical drawing understanding. In this paper, we present a floor plan database, named CVC-FP, that is annotated for the architectural objects and their structural relations. To construct this database, we have implemented a groundtruthing tool, the SGT tool, that allows to make specific this sort of information in a natural manner. This tool has been made for general purpose groundtruthing: It allows to define own object classes and properties, multiple labeling options are possible, grants the cooperative work, and provides user and version control. We finally have collected some of the recent work on floor plan interpretation and present a quantitative benchmark for this database. Both CVC-FP database and the SGT tool are freely released to the research community to ease comparisons between methods and boost reproducible research. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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1433-2833 |
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DAG; ADAS; 600.061; 600.076; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ HRR2015 |
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2567 |
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Author |
Daniel Hernandez; Lukas Schneider; P. Cebrian; A. Espinosa; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Uwe Franke; Marc Pollefeys; Juan Carlos Moure |
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Title |
Slanted Stixels: A way to represent steep streets |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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International Journal of Computer Vision |
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IJCV |
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127 |
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1643–1658 |
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This work presents and evaluates a novel compact scene representation based on Stixels that infers geometric and semantic information. Our approach overcomes the previous rather restrictive geometric assumptions for Stixels by introducing a novel depth model to account for non-flat roads and slanted objects. Both semantic and depth cues are used jointly to infer the scene representation in a sound global energy minimization formulation. Furthermore, a novel approximation scheme is introduced in order to significantly reduce the computational complexity of the Stixel algorithm, and then achieve real-time computation capabilities. The idea is to first perform an over-segmentation of the image, discarding the unlikely Stixel cuts, and apply the algorithm only on the remaining Stixel cuts. This work presents a novel over-segmentation strategy based on a fully convolutional network, which outperforms an approach based on using local extrema of the disparity map. We evaluate the proposed methods in terms of semantic and geometric accuracy as well as run-time on four publicly available benchmark datasets. Our approach maintains accuracy on flat road scene datasets while improving substantially on a novel non-flat road dataset. |
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ADAS; 600.118; 600.124 |
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Admin @ si @ HSC2019 |
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3304 |
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Author |
Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Jose Elias Yauri; Pau Folch; Miquel Angel Piera; Debora Gil |
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Title |
Recognition of the Mental Workloads of Pilots in the Cockpit Using EEG Signals |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Applied Sciences |
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APPLSCI |
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12 |
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5 |
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2298 |
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Cognitive states; Mental workload; EEG analysis; Neural networks; Multimodal data fusion |
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The commercial flightdeck is a naturally multi-tasking work environment, one in which interruptions are frequent come in various forms, contributing in many cases to aviation incident reports. Automatic characterization of pilots’ workloads is essential to preventing these kind of incidents. In addition, minimizing the physiological sensor network as much as possible remains both a challenge and a requirement. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have shown high correlations with specific cognitive and mental states, such as workload. However, there is not enough evidence in the literature to validate how well models generalize in cases of new subjects performing tasks with workloads similar to the ones included during the model’s training. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network to classify EEG features across different mental workloads in a continuous performance task test that partly measures working memory and working memory capacity. Our model is valid at the general population level and it is able to transfer task learning to pilot mental workload recognition in a simulated operational environment. |
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February 2022 |
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IAM; ADAS; 600.139; 600.145; 600.118 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ HYF2022 |
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3720 |
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Author |
Carme Julia; Felipe Lumbreras; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
A Factorization-based Approach to Photometric Stereo |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology |
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IJIST |
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21 |
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1 |
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115-119 |
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This article presents an adaptation of a factorization technique to tackle the photometric stereo problem. That is to recover the surface normals and reflectance of an object from a set of images obtained under different lighting conditions. The main contribution of the proposed approach is to consider pixels in shadow and saturated regions as missing data, in order to reduce their influence to the result. Concretely, an adapted Alternation technique is used to deal with missing data. Experimental results considering both synthetic and real images show the viability of the proposed factorization-based strategy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 21, 115–119, 2011. |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ JLS2011; ADAS @ adas @ |
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1711 |
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Carme Julia; Angel Sappa; Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Rank Estimation in Missing Data Matrix Problems |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision |
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JMIV |
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39 |
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2 |
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140-160 |
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A novel technique for missing data matrix rank estimation is presented. It is focused on matrices of trajectories, where every element of the matrix corresponds to an image coordinate from a feature point of a rigid moving object at a given frame; missing data are represented as empty entries. The objective of the proposed approach is to estimate the rank of a missing data matrix in order to fill in empty entries with some matrix completion method, without using or assuming neither the number of objects contained in the scene nor the kind of their motion. The key point of the proposed technique consists in studying the frequency behaviour of the individual trajectories, which are seen as 1D signals. The main assumption is that due to the rigidity of the moving objects, the frequency content of the trajectories will be similar after filling in their missing entries. The proposed rank estimation approach can be used in different computer vision problems, where the rank of a missing data matrix needs to be estimated. Experimental results with synthetic and real data are provided in order to empirically show the good performance of the proposed approach. |
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0924-9907 |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ JSL2011; |
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1710 |
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Sudeep Katakol; Basem Elbarashy; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer; Antonio Lopez |
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Distributed Learning and Inference with Compressed Images |
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2021 |
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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
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TIP |
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30 |
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3069 - 3083 |
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Modern computer vision requires processing large amounts of data, both while training the model and/or during inference, once the model is deployed. Scenarios where images are captured and processed in physically separated locations are increasingly common (e.g. autonomous vehicles, cloud computing). In addition, many devices suffer from limited resources to store or transmit data (e.g. storage space, channel capacity). In these scenarios, lossy image compression plays a crucial role to effectively increase the number of images collected under such constraints. However, lossy compression entails some undesired degradation of the data that may harm the performance of the downstream analysis task at hand, since important semantic information may be lost in the process. Moreover, we may only have compressed images at training time but are able to use original images at inference time, or vice versa, and in such a case, the downstream model suffers from covariate shift. In this paper, we analyze this phenomenon, with a special focus on vision-based perception for autonomous driving as a paradigmatic scenario. We see that loss of semantic information and covariate shift do indeed exist, resulting in a drop in performance that depends on the compression rate. In order to address the problem, we propose dataset restoration, based on image restoration with generative adversarial networks (GANs). Our method is agnostic to both the particular image compression method and the downstream task; and has the advantage of not adding additional cost to the deployed models, which is particularly important in resource-limited devices. The presented experiments focus on semantic segmentation as a challenging use case, cover a broad range of compression rates and diverse datasets, and show how our method is able to significantly alleviate the negative effects of compression on the downstream visual task. |
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LAMP; ADAS; 600.120; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ KEH2021 |
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3543 |
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Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Muhammad Anwer Rao; Joost Van de Weijer; Andrew Bagdanov; Antonio Lopez; Michael Felsberg |
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Title |
Coloring Action Recognition in Still Images |
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2013 |
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International Journal of Computer Vision |
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IJCV |
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105 |
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3 |
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205-221 |
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In this article we investigate the problem of human action recognition in static images. By action recognition we intend a class of problems which includes both action classification and action detection (i.e. simultaneous localization and classification). Bag-of-words image representations yield promising results for action classification, and deformable part models perform very well object detection. The representations for action recognition typically use only shape cues and ignore color information. Inspired by the recent success of color in image classification and object detection, we investigate the potential of color for action classification and detection in static images. We perform a comprehensive evaluation of color descriptors and fusion approaches for action recognition. Experiments were conducted on the three datasets most used for benchmarking action recognition in still images: Willow, PASCAL VOC 2010 and Stanford-40. Our experiments demonstrate that incorporating color information considerably improves recognition performance, and that a descriptor based on color names outperforms pure color descriptors. Our experiments demonstrate that late fusion of color and shape information outperforms other approaches on action recognition. Finally, we show that the different color–shape fusion approaches result in complementary information and combining them yields state-of-the-art performance for action classification. |
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Springer US |
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0920-5691 |
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CIC; ADAS; 600.057; 600.048 |
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Admin @ si @ KRW2013 |
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2285 |
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Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Muhammad Anwer Rao; Joost Van de Weijer; Michael Felsberg; J.Laaksonen |
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Compact color texture description for texture classification |
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2015 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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51 |
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16-22 |
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Describing textures is a challenging problem in computer vision and pattern recognition. The classification problem involves assigning a category label to the texture class it belongs to. Several factors such as variations in scale, illumination and viewpoint make the problem of texture description extremely challenging. A variety of histogram based texture representations exists in literature.
However, combining multiple texture descriptors and assessing their complementarity is still an open research problem. In this paper, we first show that combining multiple local texture descriptors significantly improves the recognition performance compared to using a single best method alone. This
gain in performance is achieved at the cost of high-dimensional final image representation. To counter this problem, we propose to use an information-theoretic compression technique to obtain a compact texture description without any significant loss in accuracy. In addition, we perform a comprehensive
evaluation of pure color descriptors, popular in object recognition, for the problem of texture classification. Experiments are performed on four challenging texture datasets namely, KTH-TIPS-2a, KTH-TIPS-2b, FMD and Texture-10. The experiments clearly demonstrate that our proposed compact multi-texture approach outperforms the single best texture method alone. In all cases, discriminative color names outperforms other color features for texture classification. Finally, we show that combining discriminative color names with compact texture representation outperforms state-of-the-art methods by 7:8%, 4:3% and 5:0% on KTH-TIPS-2a, KTH-TIPS-2b and Texture-10 datasets respectively. |
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LAMP; 600.068; 600.079;ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ KRW2015a |
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2587 |
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Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Jiaolong Xu; Muhammad Anwer Rao; Joost Van de Weijer; Andrew Bagdanov; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Recognizing Actions through Action-specific Person Detection |
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2015 |
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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
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TIP |
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24 |
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11 |
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4422-4432 |
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Action recognition in still images is a challenging problem in computer vision. To facilitate comparative evaluation independently of person detection, the standard evaluation protocol for action recognition uses an oracle person detector to obtain perfect bounding box information at both training and test time. The assumption is that, in practice, a general person detector will provide candidate bounding boxes for action recognition. In this paper, we argue that this paradigm is suboptimal and that action class labels should already be considered during the detection stage. Motivated by the observation that body pose is strongly conditioned on action class, we show that: 1) the existing state-of-the-art generic person detectors are not adequate for proposing candidate bounding boxes for action classification; 2) due to limited training examples, the direct training of action-specific person detectors is also inadequate; and 3) using only a small number of labeled action examples, the transfer learning is able to adapt an existing detector to propose higher quality bounding boxes for subsequent action classification. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to investigate transfer learning for the task of action-specific person detection in still images. We perform extensive experiments on two benchmark data sets: 1) Stanford-40 and 2) PASCAL VOC 2012. For the action detection task (i.e., both person localization and classification of the action performed), our approach outperforms methods based on general person detection by 5.7% mean average precision (MAP) on Stanford-40 and 2.1% MAP on PASCAL VOC 2012. Our approach also significantly outperforms the state of the art with a MAP of 45.4% on Stanford-40 and 31.4% on PASCAL VOC 2012. We also evaluate our action detection approach for the task of action classification (i.e., recognizing actions without localizing them). For this task, our approach, without using any ground-truth person localization at test tim- , outperforms on both data sets state-of-the-art methods, which do use person locations. |
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1057-7149 |
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ADAS; LAMP; 600.076; 600.079 |
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Admin @ si @ KXR2015 |
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2668 |
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