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Author |
Jiaolong Xu; Sebastian Ramos; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez |


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Title |
Domain Adaptation of Deformable Part-Based Models |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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36 |
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12 |
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2367-2380 |
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Domain Adaptation; Pedestrian Detection |
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Abstract  |
The accuracy of object classifiers can significantly drop when the training data (source domain) and the application scenario (target domain) have inherent differences. Therefore, adapting the classifiers to the scenario in which they must operate is of paramount importance. We present novel domain adaptation (DA) methods for object detection. As proof of concept, we focus on adapting the state-of-the-art deformable part-based model (DPM) for pedestrian detection. We introduce an adaptive structural SVM (A-SSVM) that adapts a pre-learned classifier between different domains. By taking into account the inherent structure in feature space (e.g., the parts in a DPM), we propose a structure-aware A-SSVM (SA-SSVM). Neither A-SSVM nor SA-SSVM needs to revisit the source-domain training data to perform the adaptation. Rather, a low number of target-domain training examples (e.g., pedestrians) are used. To address the scenario where there are no target-domain annotated samples, we propose a self-adaptive DPM based on a self-paced learning (SPL) strategy and a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). Two types of adaptation tasks are assessed: from both synthetic pedestrians and general persons (PASCAL VOC) to pedestrians imaged from an on-board camera. Results show that our proposals avoid accuracy drops as high as 15 points when comparing adapted and non-adapted detectors. |
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0162-8828 |
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ADAS; 600.057; 600.054; 601.217; 600.076 |
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no |
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ADAS @ adas @ XRV2014b |
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2436 |
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Francisco Blanco; Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat; Roswitha Siener; Silvia Serranti; Giuseppe Bonifazi; Montserrat Lopez Mesas; Manuel Valiente |

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Title |
Taking advantage of Hyperspectral Imaging classification of urinary stones against conventional IR Spectroscopy |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Journal of Biomedical Optics |
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JBiO |
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19 |
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12 |
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126004-1 - 126004-9 |
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The analysis of urinary stones is mandatory for the best management of the disease after the stone passage in order to prevent further stone episodes. Thus the use of an appropriate methodology for an individualized stone analysis becomes a key factor for giving the patient the most suitable treatment. A recently developed hyperspectral imaging methodology, based on pixel-to-pixel analysis of near-infrared spectral images, is compared to the reference technique in stone analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The developed classification model yields >90% correct classification rate when compared to IR and is able to precisely locate stone components within the structure of the stone with a 15 µm resolution. Due to the little sample pretreatment, low analysis time, good performance of the model, and the automation of the measurements, they become analyst independent; this methodology can be considered to become a routine analysis for clinical laboratories. |
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ADAS; 600.076 |
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Admin @ si @ BLS2014 |
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2563 |
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David Aldavert; Marçal Rusiñol; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados |

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Title |
A Study of Bag-of-Visual-Words Representations for Handwritten Keyword Spotting |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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IJDAR |
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18 |
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3 |
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223-234 |
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Bag-of-Visual-Words; Keyword spotting; Handwritten documents; Performance evaluation |
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The Bag-of-Visual-Words (BoVW) framework has gained popularity among the document image analysis community, specifically as a representation of handwritten words for recognition or spotting purposes. Although in the computer vision field the BoVW method has been greatly improved, most of the approaches in the document image analysis domain still rely on the basic implementation of the BoVW method disregarding such latest refinements. In this paper, we present a review of those improvements and its application to the keyword spotting task. We thoroughly evaluate their impact against a baseline system in the well-known George Washington dataset and compare the obtained results against nine state-of-the-art keyword spotting methods. In addition, we also compare both the baseline and improved systems with the methods presented at the Handwritten Keyword Spotting Competition 2014. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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1433-2833 |
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DAG; ADAS; 600.055; 600.061; 601.223; 600.077; 600.097 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ART2015 |
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2679 |
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Author |
Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Jose Elias Yauri; Pau Folch; Miquel Angel Piera; Debora Gil |

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Title |
Recognition of the Mental Workloads of Pilots in the Cockpit Using EEG Signals |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Applied Sciences |
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APPLSCI |
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12 |
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5 |
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2298 |
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Cognitive states; Mental workload; EEG analysis; Neural networks; Multimodal data fusion |
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The commercial flightdeck is a naturally multi-tasking work environment, one in which interruptions are frequent come in various forms, contributing in many cases to aviation incident reports. Automatic characterization of pilots’ workloads is essential to preventing these kind of incidents. In addition, minimizing the physiological sensor network as much as possible remains both a challenge and a requirement. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have shown high correlations with specific cognitive and mental states, such as workload. However, there is not enough evidence in the literature to validate how well models generalize in cases of new subjects performing tasks with workloads similar to the ones included during the model’s training. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network to classify EEG features across different mental workloads in a continuous performance task test that partly measures working memory and working memory capacity. Our model is valid at the general population level and it is able to transfer task learning to pilot mental workload recognition in a simulated operational environment. |
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February 2022 |
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IAM; ADAS; 600.139; 600.145; 600.118 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ HYF2022 |
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3720 |
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Author |
Xavier Boix; Josep M. Gonfaus; Joost Van de Weijer; Andrew Bagdanov; Joan Serrat; Jordi Gonzalez |


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Title |
Harmony Potentials: Fusing Global and Local Scale for Semantic Image Segmentation |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
International Journal of Computer Vision |
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IJCV |
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96 |
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1 |
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83-102 |
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Abstract  |
The Hierarchical Conditional Random Field(HCRF) model have been successfully applied to a number of image labeling problems, including image segmentation. However, existing HCRF models of image segmentation do not allow multiple classes to be assigned to a single region, which limits their ability to incorporate contextual information across multiple scales.
At higher scales in the image, this representation yields an oversimplied model since multiple classes can be reasonably expected to appear within large regions. This simplied model particularly limits the impact of information at higher scales. Since class-label information at these scales is usually more reliable than at lower, noisier scales, neglecting this information is undesirable. To
address these issues, we propose a new consistency potential for image labeling problems, which we call the harmony potential. It can encode any possible combi-
nation of labels, penalizing only unlikely combinations of classes. We also propose an eective sampling strategy over this expanded label set that renders tractable the underlying optimization problem. Our approach obtains state-of-the-art results on two challenging, standard benchmark datasets for semantic image segmentation: PASCAL VOC 2010, and MSRC-21. |
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0920-5691 |
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ISE;CIC;ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ BGW2012 |
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1718 |
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Author |
Carme Julia; Angel Sappa; Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |


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Title |
Predicting Missing Ratings in Recommender Systems: Adapted Factorization Approach |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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International Journal of Electronic Commerce |
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14 |
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1 |
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89-108 |
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The paper presents a factorization-based approach to make predictions in recommender systems. These systems are widely used in electronic commerce to help customers find products according to their preferences. Taking into account the customer's ratings of some products available in the system, the recommender system tries to predict the ratings the customer would give to other products in the system. The proposed factorization-based approach uses all the information provided to compute the predicted ratings, in the same way as approaches based on Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). The main advantage of this technique versus SVD-based approaches is that it can deal with missing data. It also has a smaller computational cost. Experimental results with public data sets are provided to show that the proposed adapted factorization approach gives better predicted ratings than a widely used SVD-based approach. |
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1086-4415 |
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ADAS |
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ADAS @ adas @ JSL2009b |
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1237 |
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Author |
Oscar Argudo; Marc Comino; Antonio Chica; Carlos Andujar; Felipe Lumbreras |

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Title |
Segmentation of aerial images for plausible detail synthesis |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Computers & Graphics |
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CG |
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71 |
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23-34 |
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Terrain editing; Detail synthesis; Vegetation synthesis; Terrain rendering; Image segmentation |
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The visual enrichment of digital terrain models with plausible synthetic detail requires the segmentation of aerial images into a suitable collection of categories. In this paper we present a complete pipeline for segmenting high-resolution aerial images into a user-defined set of categories distinguishing e.g. terrain, sand, snow, water, and different types of vegetation. This segmentation-for-synthesis problem implies that per-pixel categories must be established according to the algorithms chosen for rendering the synthetic detail. This precludes the definition of a universal set of labels and hinders the construction of large training sets. Since artists might choose to add new categories on the fly, the whole pipeline must be robust against unbalanced datasets, and fast on both training and inference. Under these constraints, we analyze the contribution of common per-pixel descriptors, and compare the performance of state-of-the-art supervised learning algorithms. We report the findings of two user studies. The first one was conducted to analyze human accuracy when manually labeling aerial images. The second user study compares detailed terrains built using different segmentation strategies, including official land cover maps. These studies demonstrate that our approach can be used to turn digital elevation models into fully-featured, detailed terrains with minimal authoring efforts. |
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0097-8493 |
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MSIAU; 600.086; 600.118;ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ ACC2018 |
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3147 |
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Daniel Hernandez; Antonio Espinosa; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Juan C. Moure |


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Title |
3D Perception With Slanted Stixels on GPU |
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2021 |
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IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems |
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TPDS |
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32 |
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10 |
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2434-2447 |
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Daniel Hernandez-Juarez; Antonio Espinosa; David Vazquez; Antonio M. Lopez; Juan C. Moure |
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This article presents a GPU-accelerated software design of the recently proposed model of Slanted Stixels, which represents the geometric and semantic information of a scene in a compact and accurate way. We reformulate the measurement depth model to reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm, relying on the confidence of the depth estimation and the identification of invalid values to handle outliers. The proposed massively parallel scheme and data layout for the irregular computation pattern that corresponds to a Dynamic Programming paradigm is described and carefully analyzed in performance terms. Performance is shown to scale gracefully on current generation embedded GPUs. We assess the proposed methods in terms of semantic and geometric accuracy as well as run-time performance on three publicly available benchmark datasets. Our approach achieves real-time performance with high accuracy for 2048 × 1024 image sizes and 4 × 4 Stixel resolution on the low-power embedded GPU of an NVIDIA Tegra Xavier. |
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ADAS; 600.124; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ HEV2021 |
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3561 |
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Author |
Carme Julia; Felipe Lumbreras; Angel Sappa |

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Title |
A Factorization-based Approach to Photometric Stereo |
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2011 |
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International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology |
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IJIST |
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21 |
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1 |
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115-119 |
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This article presents an adaptation of a factorization technique to tackle the photometric stereo problem. That is to recover the surface normals and reflectance of an object from a set of images obtained under different lighting conditions. The main contribution of the proposed approach is to consider pixels in shadow and saturated regions as missing data, in order to reduce their influence to the result. Concretely, an adapted Alternation technique is used to deal with missing data. Experimental results considering both synthetic and real images show the viability of the proposed factorization-based strategy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 21, 115–119, 2011. |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ JLS2011; ADAS @ adas @ |
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1711 |
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Author |
Sergio Vera; Debora Gil; Antonio Lopez; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester |


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Title |
Multilocal Creaseness Measure |
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2012 |
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The Insight Journal |
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Ridges, Valley, Creaseness, Structure Tensor, Skeleton, |
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This document describes the implementation using the Insight Toolkit of an algorithm for detecting creases (ridges and valleys) in N-dimensional images, based on the Local Structure Tensor of the image. In addition to the filter used to calculate the creaseness image, a filter for the computation of the structure tensor is also included in this submission. |
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Alma IT Systems |
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english |
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english |
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IAM;ADAS; |
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IAM @ iam @ VGL2012 |
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1840 |
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