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Author  |
Jaume Amores |
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Title |
Vocabulary-based Approaches for Multiple-Instance Data: a Comparative Study |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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4246–4250 |
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Abstract |
Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has become a hot topic and many different algorithms have been proposed in the last years. Despite this fact, there is a lack of comparative studies that shed light into the characteristics of the different methods and their behavior in different scenarios. In this paper we provide such an analysis. We include methods from different families, and pay special attention to vocabulary-based approaches, a new family of methods that has not received much attention in the MIL literature. The empirical comparison includes seven databases from four heterogeneous domains, implementations of eight popular MIL methods, and a study of the behavior under synthetic conditions. Based on this analysis, we show that, with an appropriate implementation, vocabulary-based approaches outperform other MIL methods in most of the cases, showing in general a more consistent performance. |
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Istanbul, Turkey |
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1051-4651 |
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978-1-4244-7542-1 |
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ICPR |
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ADAS |
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no |
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ADAS @ adas @ Amo2010 |
Serial |
1295 |
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Author |
Jaume Amores; David Geronimo; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Multiple instance and active learning for weakly-supervised object-class segmentation |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
3rd IEEE International Conference on Machine Vision |
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Keywords |
Multiple Instance Learning; Active Learning; Object-class segmentation. |
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Abstract |
In object-class segmentation, one of the most tedious tasks is to manually segment many object examples in order to learn a model of the object category. Yet, there has been little research on reducing the degree of manual annotation for
object-class segmentation. In this work we explore alternative strategies which do not require full manual segmentation of the object in the training set. In particular, we study the use of bounding boxes as a coarser and much cheaper form of segmentation and we perform a comparative study of several Multiple-Instance Learning techniques that allow to obtain a model with this type of weak annotation. We show that some of these methods can be competitive, when used with coarse
segmentations, with methods that require full manual segmentation of the objects. Furthermore, we show how to use active learning combined with this weakly supervised strategy.
As we see, this strategy permits to reduce the amount of annotation and optimize the number of examples that require full manual segmentation in the training set. |
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Hong-Kong |
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ICMV |
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ADAS |
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no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ AGL2010b |
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1429 |
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Author |
Jaume Amores; N. Sebe; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Class-Specific Binaryy Correlograms for Object Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2007 |
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British Machine Vision Conference |
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Warwick (UK) |
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BMVC’07 |
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ADAS;MILAB |
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no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ ASR2007a |
Serial |
923 |
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Author |
Javad Zolfaghari Bengar; Abel Gonzalez-Garcia; Gabriel Villalonga; Bogdan Raducanu; Hamed H. Aghdam; Mikhail Mozerov; Antonio Lopez; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Temporal Coherence for Active Learning in Videos |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops |
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Pages |
914-923 |
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Abstract |
Autonomous driving systems require huge amounts of data to train. Manual annotation of this data is time-consuming and prohibitively expensive since it involves human resources. Therefore, active learning emerged as an alternative to ease this effort and to make data annotation more manageable. In this paper, we introduce a novel active learning approach for object detection in videos by exploiting temporal coherence. Our active learning criterion is based on the estimated number of errors in terms of false positives and false negatives. The detections obtained by the object detector are used to define the nodes of a graph and tracked forward and backward to temporally link the nodes. Minimizing an energy function defined on this graphical model provides estimates of both false positives and false negatives. Additionally, we introduce a synthetic video dataset, called SYNTHIA-AL, specially designed to evaluate active learning for video object detection in road scenes. Finally, we show that our approach outperforms active learning baselines tested on two datasets. |
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Seul; Corea; October 2019 |
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ICCVW |
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LAMP; ADAS; 600.124; 602.200; 600.118; 600.120; 600.141 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ ZGV2019 |
Serial |
3294 |
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Author |
Javier Marin; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Jaume Amores; Bastian Leibe |
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Title |
Random Forests of Local Experts for Pedestrian Detection |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
15th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision |
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Pages |
2592 - 2599 |
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Keywords |
ADAS; Random Forest; Pedestrian Detection |
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Abstract |
Pedestrian detection is one of the most challenging tasks in computer vision, and has received a lot of attention in the last years. Recently, some authors have shown the advantages of using combinations of part/patch-based detectors in order to cope with the large variability of poses and the existence of partial occlusions. In this paper, we propose a pedestrian detection method that efficiently combines multiple local experts by means of a Random Forest ensemble. The proposed method works with rich block-based representations such as HOG and LBP, in such a way that the same features are reused by the multiple local experts, so that no extra computational cost is needed with respect to a holistic method. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to integrate the proposed approach with a cascaded architecture in order to achieve not only high accuracy but also an acceptable efficiency. In particular, the resulting detector operates at five frames per second using a laptop machine. We tested the proposed method with well-known challenging datasets such as Caltech, ETH, Daimler, and INRIA. The method proposed in this work consistently ranks among the top performers in all the datasets, being either the best method or having a small difference with the best one. |
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Sydney; Australia; December 2013 |
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IEEE |
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1550-5499 |
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ICCV |
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Notes |
ADAS; 600.057; 600.054 |
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no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ MVL2013 |
Serial |
2333 |
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Author |
Javier Marin; David Vazquez; David Geronimo; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Learning Appearance in Virtual Scenarios for Pedestrian Detection |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
23rd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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137–144 |
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Keywords |
Pedestrian Detection; Domain Adaptation |
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Detecting pedestrians in images is a key functionality to avoid vehicle-to-pedestrian collisions. The most promising detectors rely on appearance-based pedestrian classifiers trained with labelled samples. This paper addresses the following question: can a pedestrian appearance model learnt in virtual scenarios work successfully for pedestrian detection in real images? (Fig. 1). Our experiments suggest a positive answer, which is a new and relevant conclusion for research in pedestrian detection. More specifically, we record training sequences in virtual scenarios and then appearance-based pedestrian classifiers are learnt using HOG and linear SVM. We test such classifiers in a publicly available dataset provided by Daimler AG for pedestrian detection benchmarking. This dataset contains real world images acquired from a moving car. The obtained result is compared with the one given by a classifier learnt using samples coming from real images. The comparison reveals that, although virtual samples were not specially selected, both virtual and real based training give rise to classifiers of similar performance. |
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San Francisco; CA; USA; June 2010 |
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English |
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English |
Original Title |
Learning Appearance in Virtual Scenarios for Pedestrian Detection |
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1063-6919 |
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978-1-4244-6984-0 |
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CVPR |
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ADAS |
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ADAS @ adas @ MVG2010 |
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1304 |
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Author |
Jiaolong Xu; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Javier Marin; Daniel Ponsa |
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Title |
Learning a Multiview Part-based Model in Virtual World for Pedestrian Detection |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium |
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467 - 472 |
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Keywords |
Pedestrian Detection; Virtual World; Part based |
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State-of-the-art deformable part-based models based on latent SVM have shown excellent results on human detection. In this paper, we propose to train a multiview deformable part-based model with automatically generated part examples from virtual-world data. The method is efficient as: (i) the part detectors are trained with precisely extracted virtual examples, thus no latent learning is needed, (ii) the multiview pedestrian detector enhances the performance of the pedestrian root model, (iii) a top-down approach is used for part detection which reduces the searching space. We evaluate our model on Daimler and Karlsruhe Pedestrian Benchmarks with publicly available Caltech pedestrian detection evaluation framework and the result outperforms the state-of-the-art latent SVM V4.0, on both average miss rate and speed (our detector is ten times faster). |
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Gold Coast; Australia; June 2013 |
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IEEE |
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1931-0587 |
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978-1-4673-2754-1 |
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IV |
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ADAS; 600.054; 600.057 |
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XVL2013; ADAS @ adas @ xvl2013a |
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2214 |
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Author |
Jiaolong Xu; David Vazquez; Krystian Mikolajczyk; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Hierarchical online domain adaptation of deformable part-based models |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation |
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5536-5541 |
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Keywords |
Domain Adaptation; Pedestrian Detection |
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We propose an online domain adaptation method for the deformable part-based model (DPM). The online domain adaptation is based on a two-level hierarchical adaptation tree, which consists of instance detectors in the leaf nodes and a category detector at the root node. Moreover, combined with a multiple object tracking procedure (MOT), our proposal neither requires target-domain annotated data nor revisiting the source-domain data for performing the source-to-target domain adaptation of the DPM. From a practical point of view this means that, given a source-domain DPM and new video for training on a new domain without object annotations, our procedure outputs a new DPM adapted to the domain represented by the video. As proof-of-concept we apply our proposal to the challenging task of pedestrian detection. In this case, each instance detector is an exemplar classifier trained online with only one pedestrian per frame. The pedestrian instances are collected by MOT and the hierarchical model is constructed dynamically according to the pedestrian trajectories. Our experimental results show that the adapted detector achieves the accuracy of recent supervised domain adaptation methods (i.e., requiring manually annotated targetdomain data), and improves the source detector more than 10 percentage points. |
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Stockholm; Sweden; May 2016 |
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ICRA |
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ADAS; 600.085; 600.082; 600.076 |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ XVM2016 |
Serial |
2728 |
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Author |
Jiaolong Xu; David Vazquez; Sebastian Ramos; Antonio Lopez; Daniel Ponsa |
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Title |
Adapting a Pedestrian Detector by Boosting LDA Exemplar Classifiers |
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Conference Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
CVPR Workshop on Ground Truth – What is a good dataset? |
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688 - 693 |
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Keywords |
Pedestrian Detection; Domain Adaptation |
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Training vision-based pedestrian detectors using synthetic datasets (virtual world) is a useful technique to collect automatically the training examples with their pixel-wise ground truth. However, as it is often the case, these detectors must operate in real-world images, experiencing a significant drop of their performance. In fact, this effect also occurs among different real-world datasets, i.e. detectors' accuracy drops when the training data (source domain) and the application scenario (target domain) have inherent differences. Therefore, in order to avoid this problem, it is required to adapt the detector trained with synthetic data to operate in the real-world scenario. In this paper, we propose a domain adaptation approach based on boosting LDA exemplar classifiers from both virtual and real worlds. We evaluate our proposal on multiple real-world pedestrian detection datasets. The results show that our method can efficiently adapt the exemplar classifiers from virtual to real world, avoiding drops in average precision over the 15%. |
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Portland; oregon; June 2013 |
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English |
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CVPRW |
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ADAS; 600.054; 600.057; 601.217 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
XVR2013; ADAS @ adas @ xvr2013a |
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2220 |
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Author |
Jiaolong Xu; Peng Wang; Heng Yang; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Training a Binary Weight Object Detector by Knowledge Transfer for Autonomous Driving |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2019 |
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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation |
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2379-2384 |
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Autonomous driving has harsh requirements of small model size and energy efficiency, in order to enable the embedded system to achieve real-time on-board object detection. Recent deep convolutional neural network based object detectors have achieved state-of-the-art accuracy. However, such models are trained with numerous parameters and their high computational costs and large storage prohibit the deployment to memory and computation resource limited systems. Low-precision neural networks are popular techniques for reducing the computation requirements and memory footprint. Among them, binary weight neural network (BWN) is the extreme case which quantizes the float-point into just bit. BWNs are difficult to train and suffer from accuracy deprecation due to the extreme low-bit representation. To address this problem, we propose a knowledge transfer (KT) method to aid the training of BWN using a full-precision teacher network. We built DarkNet-and MobileNet-based binary weight YOLO-v2 detectors and conduct experiments on KITTI benchmark for car, pedestrian and cyclist detection. The experimental results show that the proposed method maintains high detection accuracy while reducing the model size of DarkNet-YOLO from 257 MB to 8.8 MB and MobileNet-YOLO from 193 MB to 7.9 MB. |
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Montreal; Canada; May 2019 |
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ICRA |
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ADAS; 600.124; 600.116; 600.118 |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ XWY2018 |
Serial |
3182 |
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