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Josep Llados, Enric Marti, & Jordi Regincos. (1993)." Interpretación de diseños a mano alzada como técnica de entrada a un sistema CAD en un ámbito de arquitectura" In III National Conference on Computer Graphics. Granada.
Abstract: En los últimos años, se ha introducido ámpliamente el uso de los sistemas CAD en dominios relacionados con la arquitectura. Dichos sistemas CAD son muy útiles para el arquitecto en el diseño de planos de plantas de edificios. Sin embargo, la utilización eficiente de un CAD requiere un tiempo de aprendizaje, en especial, en la etapa de creación y edición del diseño. Además, una vez familiarizado con un CAD, el arquitecto debe adaptarse a la simbología que éste le permite que, en algunos casos puede ser poco flexible.Con esta motivación, se propone una técnica alternativa de entrada de documentos en sistemas CAD. Dicha técnica se basa en el diseño del plano sobre papel mediante un dibujo lineal hecho a mano alzada a modo de boceto e introducido mediante scanner. Una vez interpretado este dibujo inicial e introducido en el CAD, el arquitecto sólo deber hacer sobre éste los retoques finales del documento.El sistema de entrada propuesto se compone de dos módulos principales: En primer lugar, la extracción de características (puntos característicos, rectas y arcos) de la imagen obtenida mediante scanner. En dicho módulo se aplican principalmente técnicas de procesamiento de imágenes obteniendo como resultado una representaci¢n del dibujo de entrada basada en grafos de atributos. El objetivo del segundo módulo es el de encontrar y reconocer las entidades integrantes del documento (puertas, mesas, etc.) en base a una biblioteca de símbolos definida en el sistema CAD. La implementación de dicho módulo se basa en técnicas de isomorfismo de grafos.El sistema propone una alternativa que permita, mediante el diseño a mano alzada, la introducción de la informaci¢n m s significativa del plano de forma rápida, sencilla y estandarizada por parte del usuario.
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Josep Llados, Enric Marti, & Jaime Lopez-Krahe. (1999). "A Hough-based method for hatched pattern detection in maps and diagrams " In Proceeding of the Fifth Int. Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR ’99 (pp. 479–482).
Abstract: A hatched area is characterized by a set of parallel straight lines placed at regular intervals. In this paper, a Hough-based schema is introduced to recognize hatched areas in technical documents from attributed graph structures representing the document once it has been vectorized. Defining a Hough-based transform from a graph instead of the raster image allows to drastically reduce the processing time and, second, to obtain more reliable results because straight lines have already been detected in the vectorization step. A second advantage of the proposed method is that no assumptions must be made a priori about the slope and frequency of hatching patterns, but they are computed in run time for each hatched area.
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Josep Llados, & Enric Marti. (1997)." Playing with error-tolerant subgraph isomorphism in line drawings" In VII National Symposium on Pattern Recognition and image Analysis.
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Josep Llados, & Enric Marti. (1995). "Interpretacio de dibuixos lineals mitjançant tècniques d isomorfisme entre grafs " In Trobada de Joves Investigadors.
Abstract: L’anàlisi de documents té com a objectiu la interpretació automàtica de documents impresos sobre paper, amb la finalitat d’obtenir una descripció simbòlica d’aquests, que permeti el seu emmagatzemament i posterior tractament computacional. Les tècniques basades en grafs relacionals d’atributs permeten representar de manera compacta la informació continguda en dibuixos lineals i mitjançant mecanismes d’isomorfisme entre grafs, reconèixer-hi certes estructures i d’aquesta manera, interpretar el document. En aquest treball es dóna una visió general de les tènciques de grafs aplicades al reconeixement visual d’objectes en problemes d’anàlisi de documents. Aquestes tècniques s’il·lustren amb un exemple de reconeixement de plànols dibuixats a mà alçada. Finalment es proposa la utilització de tècniques de Hough com a mecanisme per accelerar el procés de reconeixement aplicant un cert coneixement sobre el domini en el que es treballa
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Joan Serrat, & Enric Marti. (1991)." Elastic matching using interpolation splines" In IV Spanish Symposium of Pattern Recognition and image Analysis.
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J.A.Perez, Enric Marti, & Juan J.Villanueva. (1992)." Interfase de Usuario de Entrada de Datos 3D en un CAD de Cartografía Urbana a partir de Pares Estereoscópicos" In II Congreso Español de Informática Gráfica (pp. 47–60).
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Gemma Sanchez, Josep Llados, & Enric Marti. (1997). "A string-based method to recognize symbols and structural textures in architectural plans " In 2nd IAPR Workshop on Graphics Recognition.
Abstract: This paper deals with the recognition of symbols and struc- tural textures in architectural plans using string matching techniques. A plan is represented by an attributed graph whose nodes represent characteristic points and whose edges represent segments. Symbols and textures can be seen as a set of regions, i.e. closed loops in the graph, with a particular arrangement. The search for a symbol involves a graph matching between the regions of a model graph and the regions of the graph representing the document. Discriminating a texture means a clus- tering of neighbouring regions of this graph. Both procedures involve a similarity measure between graph regions. A string codification is used to represent the sequence of outlining edges of a region. Thus, the simila- rity between two regions is defined in terms of the string edit distance between their boundary strings. The use of string matching allows the recognition method to work also under presence of distortion.
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Gemma Sanchez, Josep Llados, & Enric Marti. (1997). Segmentation and analysis of linial texture in plans In Intelligence Artificielle et Complexité.. Paris.
Abstract: The problem of texture segmentation and interpretation is one of the main concerns in the field of document analysis. Graphical documents often contain areas characterized by a structural texture whose recognition allows both the document understanding, and its storage in a more compact way. In this work, we focus on structural linial textures of regular repetition contained in plan documents. Starting from an atributed graph which represents the vectorized input image, we develop a method to segment textured areas and recognize their placement rules. We wish to emphasize that the searched textures do not follow a predefined pattern. Minimal closed loops of the input graph are computed, and then hierarchically clustered. In this hierarchical clustering, a distance function between two closed loops is defined in terms of their areas difference and boundary resemblance computed by a string matching procedure. Finally it is noted that, when the texture consists of isolated primitive elements, the same method can be used after computing a Voronoi Tesselation of the input graph.
Keywords: Structural Texture, Voronoi, Hierarchical Clustering, String Matching.
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Gemma Sanchez, Ernest Valveny, Josep Llados, Enric Marti, Oriol Ramos Terrades, N.Lozano, et al. (2003)." A system for virtual prototyping of architectural projects" In Proceedings of Fifth IAPR International Workshop on Pattern Recognition (pp. 65–74).
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Ferran Poveda, Jaume Garcia, Enric Marti, & Debora Gil. (2010). "Validation of the myocardial architecture in DT-MRI tractography " In Medical Image Computing in Catalunya: Graduate Student Workshop (pp. 29–30). Girona (Spain).
Abstract: Deep understanding of myocardial structure may help to link form and funcion of the heart unraveling crucial knowledge for medical and surgical clinical procedures and studies. In this work we introduce two visualization techniques based on DT-MRI streamlining able to decipher interesting properties of the architectural organization of the heart.
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