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Author Eduardo Aguilar; Petia Radeva edit  url
openurl 
  Title Uncertainty-aware integration of local and flat classifiers for food recognition Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 136 Issue Pages 237-243  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Food image recognition has recently attracted the attention of many researchers, due to the challenging problem it poses, the ease collection of food images, and its numerous applications to health and leisure. In real applications, it is necessary to analyze and recognize thousands of different foods. For this purpose, we propose a novel prediction scheme based on a class hierarchy that considers local classifiers, in addition to a flat classifier. In order to make a decision about which approach to use, we define different criteria that take into account both the analysis of the Epistemic Uncertainty estimated from the ‘children’ classifiers and the prediction from the ‘parent’ classifier. We evaluate our proposal using three Uncertainty estimation methods, tested on two public food datasets. The results show that the proposed method reduces parent-child error propagation in hierarchical schemes and improves classification results compared to the single flat classifier, meanwhile maintains good performance regardless the Uncertainty estimation method chosen.  
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  Notes MILAB; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ AgR2020 Serial 3525  
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Author Petia Radeva edit  openurl
  Title Uncertainty Modeling within an End-to-end Framework for Food Image Analysis Type Conference Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication 1st DELTA Abbreviated Journal  
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  Area Expedition Conference DELTA  
  Notes MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Rad2020 Serial 3527  
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Author Martin Menchon; Estefania Talavera; Jose M. Massa; Petia Radeva edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Behavioural Pattern Discovery from Collections of Egocentric Photo-Streams Type Conference Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication ECCV Workshops Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 12538 Issue Pages 469-484  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The automatic discovery of behaviour is of high importance when aiming to assess and improve the quality of life of people. Egocentric images offer a rich and objective description of the daily life of the camera wearer. This work proposes a new method to identify a person’s patterns of behaviour from collected egocentric photo-streams. Our model characterizes time-frames based on the context (place, activities and environment objects) that define the images composition. Based on the similarity among the time-frames that describe the collected days for a user, we propose a new unsupervised greedy method to discover the behavioural pattern set based on a novel semantic clustering approach. Moreover, we present a new score metric to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. We validate our method on 104 days and more than 100k images extracted from 7 users. Results show that behavioural patterns can be discovered to characterize the routine of individuals and consequently their lifestyle.  
  Address Virtual; August 2020  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ECCVW  
  Notes MILAB; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MTM2020 Serial 3528  
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Author Mariona Caros; Maite Garolera; Petia Radeva; Xavier Giro edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Automatic Reminiscence Therapy for Dementia Type Conference Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication 10th ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 383-387  
  Keywords  
  Abstract With people living longer than ever, the number of cases with dementia such as Alzheimer's disease increases steadily. It affects more than 46 million people worldwide, and it is estimated that in 2050 more than 100 million will be affected. While there are not effective treatments for these terminal diseases, therapies such as reminiscence, that stimulate memories from the past are recommended. Currently, reminiscence therapy takes place in care homes and is guided by a therapist or a carer. In this work, we present an AI-based solution to automatize the reminiscence therapy, which consists in a dialogue system that uses photos as input to generate questions. We run a usability case study with patients diagnosed of mild cognitive impairment that shows they found the system very entertaining and challenging. Overall, this paper presents how reminiscence therapy can be automatized by using machine learning, and deployed to smartphones and laptops, making the therapy more accessible to every person affected by dementia.  
  Address Virtual; October 2020  
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  Area Expedition Conference ICRM  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CGR2020 Serial 3529  
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Author Soumick Chatterjee; Fatima Saad; Chompunuch Sarasaen; Suhita Ghosh; Rupali Khatun; Petia Radeva; Georg Rose; Sebastian Stober; Oliver Speck; Andreas Nürnberger edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Exploration of Interpretability Techniques for Deep COVID-19 Classification using Chest X-ray Images Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract CoRR abs/2006.02570
The outbreak of COVID-19 has shocked the entire world with its fairly rapid spread and has challenged different sectors. One of the most effective ways to limit its spread is the early and accurate diagnosis of infected patients. Medical imaging such as X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT) combined with the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays an essential role in supporting the medical staff in the diagnosis process. Thereby, the use of five different deep learning models (ResNet18, ResNet34, InceptionV3, InceptionResNetV2, and DenseNet161) and their Ensemble have been used in this paper, to classify COVID-19, pneumoniæ and healthy subjects using Chest X-Ray. Multi-label classification was performed to predict multiple pathologies for each patient, if present. Foremost, the interpretability of each of the networks was thoroughly studied using techniques like occlusion, saliency, input X gradient, guided backpropagation, integrated gradients, and DeepLIFT. The mean Micro-F1 score of the models for COVID-19 classifications ranges from 0.66 to 0.875, and is 0.89 for the Ensemble of the network models. The qualitative results depicted the ResNets to be the most interpretable model.
 
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  Notes MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CSS2020 Serial 3534  
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Author Estefania Talavera; Andreea Glavan; Alina Matei; Petia Radeva edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Eating Habits Discovery in Egocentric Photo-streams Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract CoRR abs/2009.07646
Eating habits are learned throughout the early stages of our lives. However, it is not easy to be aware of how our food-related routine affects our healthy living. In this work, we address the unsupervised discovery of nutritional habits from egocentric photo-streams. We build a food-related behavioural pattern discovery model, which discloses nutritional routines from the activities performed throughout the days. To do so, we rely on Dynamic-Time-Warping for the evaluation of similarity among the collected days. Within this framework, we present a simple, but robust and fast novel classification pipeline that outperforms the state-of-the-art on food-related image classification with a weighted accuracy and F-score of 70% and 63%, respectively. Later, we identify days composed of nutritional activities that do not describe the habits of the person as anomalies in the daily life of the user with the Isolation Forest method. Furthermore, we show an application for the identification of food-related scenes when the camera wearer eats in isolation. Results have shown the good performance of the proposed model and its relevance to visualize the nutritional habits of individuals.
 
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  Notes MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TGM2020 Serial 3536  
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Author Shiqi Yang; Yaxing Wang; Joost Van de Weijer; Luis Herranz edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Unsupervised Domain Adaptation without Source Data by Casting a BAIT Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Abstract arXiv:2010.12427
Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) aims to transfer the knowledge learned from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain. Existing UDA methods require access to source data during adaptation, which may not be feasible in some real-world applications. In this paper, we address the source-free unsupervised domain adaptation (SFUDA) problem, where only the source model is available during the adaptation. We propose a method named BAIT to address SFUDA. Specifically, given only the source model, with the source classifier head fixed, we introduce a new learnable classifier. When adapting to the target domain, class prototypes of the new added classifier will act as a bait. They will first approach the target features which deviate from prototypes of the source classifier due to domain shift. Then those target features are pulled towards the corresponding prototypes of the source classifier, thus achieving feature alignment with the source classifier in the absence of source data. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance on several benchmark datasets compared with existing UDA and SFUDA methods.
 
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  Notes LAMP; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ YWW2020 Serial 3539  
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Author Shiqi Yang; Kai Wang; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Simple and effective localized attribute representations for zero-shot learning Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Abstract arXiv:2006.05938
Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to discriminate images from unseen classes by exploiting relations to seen classes via their semantic descriptions. Some recent papers have shown the importance of localized features together with fine-tuning the feature extractor to obtain discriminative and transferable features. However, these methods require complex attention or part detection modules to perform explicit localization in the visual space. In contrast, in this paper we propose localizing representations in the semantic/attribute space, with a simple but effective pipeline where localization is implicit. Focusing on attribute representations, we show that our method obtains state-of-the-art performance on CUB and SUN datasets, and also achieves competitive results on AWA2 dataset, outperforming generally more complex methods with explicit localization in the visual space. Our method can be implemented easily, which can be used as a new baseline for zero shot-learning. In addition, our localized representations are highly interpretable as attribute-specific heatmaps.
 
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  Notes LAMP; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ YWH2020 Serial 3542  
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Author Mikel Menta; Adriana Romero; Joost Van de Weijer edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Learning to adapt class-specific features across domains for semantic segmentation Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
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  Abstract arXiv:2001.08311
Recent advances in unsupervised domain adaptation have shown the effectiveness of adversarial training to adapt features across domains, endowing neural networks with the capability of being tested on a target domain without requiring any training annotations in this domain. The great majority of existing domain adaptation models rely on image translation networks, which often contain a huge amount of domain-specific parameters. Additionally, the feature adaptation step often happens globally, at a coarse level, hindering its applicability to tasks such as semantic segmentation, where details are of crucial importance to provide sharp results. In this thesis, we present a novel architecture, which learns to adapt features across domains by taking into account per class information. To that aim, we design a conditional pixel-wise discriminator network, whose output is conditioned on the segmentation masks. Moreover, following recent advances in image translation, we adopt the recently introduced StarGAN architecture as image translation backbone, since it is able to perform translations across multiple domains by means of a single generator network. Preliminary results on a segmentation task designed to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach highlight the potential of the model, improving upon strong baselines and alternative designs.
 
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  Notes LAMP; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MRW2020 Serial 3545  
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Author Giovanni Maria Farinella; Petia Radeva; Jose Braz edit  openurl
  Title Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision; Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications Type Book Whole
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision; Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications; VISIGRAPP 2020 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 4 Issue Pages  
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  Notes MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FRB2020a Serial 3546  
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Author Giovanni Maria Farinella; Petia Radeva; Jose Braz edit  openurl
  Title Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision; Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications Type Book Whole
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision; Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications; VISIGRAPP 2020 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 5 Issue Pages  
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  Notes MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FRB2020b Serial 3547  
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Author Idoia Ruiz; Joan Serrat edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Rank-based ordinal classification Type Conference Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 8069-8076  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Differently from the regular classification task, in ordinal classification there is an order in the classes. As a consequence not all classification errors matter the same: a predicted class close to the groundtruth one is better than predicting a farther away class. To account for this, most previous works employ loss functions based on the absolute difference between the predicted and groundtruth class labels. We argue that there are many cases in ordinal classification where label values are arbitrary (for instance 1. . . C, being C the number of classes) and thus such loss functions may not be the best choice. We instead propose a network architecture that produces not a single class prediction but an ordered vector, or ranking, of all the possible classes from most to least likely. This is thanks to a loss function that compares groundtruth and predicted rankings of these class labels, not the labels themselves. Another advantage of this new formulation is that we can enforce consistency in the predictions, namely, predicted rankings come from some unimodal vector of scores with mode at the groundtruth class. We compare with the state of the art ordinal classification methods, showing
that ours attains equal or better performance, as measured by common ordinal classification metrics, on three benchmark datasets. Furthermore, it is also suitable for a new task on image aesthetics assessment, i.e. most voted score prediction. Finally, we also apply it to building damage assessment from satellite images, providing an analysis of its performance depending on the degree of imbalance of the dataset.
 
  Address Virtual; January 2021  
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  Area Expedition Conference ICPR  
  Notes ADAS; 600.118; 600.124 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RuS2020 Serial 3549  
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Author Pau Riba; Andreas Fischer; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Learning Graph Edit Distance by Graph NeuralNetworks Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Abstract The emergence of geometric deep learning as a novel framework to deal with graph-based representations has faded away traditional approaches in favor of completely new methodologies. In this paper, we propose a new framework able to combine the advances on deep metric learning with traditional approximations of the graph edit distance. Hence, we propose an efficient graph distance based on the novel field of geometric deep learning. Our method employs a message passing neural network to capture the graph structure, and thus, leveraging this information for its use on a distance computation. The performance of the proposed graph distance is validated on two different scenarios. On the one hand, in a graph retrieval of handwritten words~\ie~keyword spotting, showing its superior performance when compared with (approximate) graph edit distance benchmarks. On the other hand, demonstrating competitive results for graph similarity learning when compared with the current state-of-the-art on a recent benchmark dataset.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.121; 600.140; 601.302 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RFL2020 Serial 3555  
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Author Klara Janousckova; Jiri Matas; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Text Recognition – Real World Data and Where to Find Them Type Conference Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 4489-4496  
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  Abstract We present a method for exploiting weakly annotated images to improve text extraction pipelines. The approach uses an arbitrary end-to-end text recognition system to obtain text region proposals and their, possibly erroneous, transcriptions. The method includes matching of imprecise transcriptions to weak annotations and an edit distance guided neighbourhood search. It produces nearly error-free, localised instances of scene text, which we treat as “pseudo ground truth” (PGT). The method is applied to two weakly-annotated datasets. Training with the extracted PGT consistently improves the accuracy of a state of the art recognition model, by 3.7% on average, across different benchmark datasets (image domains) and 24.5% on one of the weakly annotated datasets 1 1 Acknowledgements. The authors were supported by Czech Technical University student grant SGS20/171/0HK3/3TJ13, the MEYS VVV project CZ.02.1.01/0.010.0J16 019/0000765 Research Center for Informatics, the Spanish Research project TIN2017-89779-P and the CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya.  
  Address Virtual; January 2021  
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  Area Expedition Conference ICPR  
  Notes DAG; 600.121; 600.129 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ JMG2020 Serial 3557  
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Author Minesh Mathew; Ruben Tito; Dimosthenis Karatzas; R.Manmatha; C.V. Jawahar edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Document Visual Question Answering Challenge 2020 Type Conference Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication 33rd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition – Short paper Abbreviated Journal  
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  Abstract This paper presents results of Document Visual Question Answering Challenge organized as part of “Text and Documents in the Deep Learning Era” workshop, in CVPR 2020. The challenge introduces a new problem – Visual Question Answering on document images. The challenge comprised two tasks. The first task concerns with asking questions on a single document image. On the other hand, the second task is set as a retrieval task where the question is posed over a collection of images. For the task 1 a new dataset is introduced comprising 50,000 questions-answer(s) pairs defined over 12,767 document images. For task 2 another dataset has been created comprising 20 questions over 14,362 document images which share the same document template.  
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  Area Expedition Conference CVPR  
  Notes DAG; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MTK2020 Serial 3558  
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