| Records |
| Author |
Eduardo Aguilar; Bogdan Raducanu; Petia Radeva; Joost Van de Weijer |
| Title |
Continual Evidential Deep Learning for Out-of-Distribution Detection |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year  |
2023 |
Publication |
IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops -Visual Continual Learning workshop |
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Issue |
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Pages |
3444-3454 |
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Uncertainty-based deep learning models have attracted a great deal of interest for their ability to provide accurate and reliable predictions. Evidential deep learning stands out achieving remarkable performance in detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data with a single deterministic neural network. Motivated by this fact, in this paper we propose the integration of an evidential deep learning method into a continual learning framework in order to perform simultaneously incremental object classification and OOD detection. Moreover, we analyze the ability of vacuity and dissonance to differentiate between in-distribution data belonging to old classes and OOD data. The proposed method, called CEDL, is evaluated on CIFAR-100 considering two settings consisting of 5 and 10 tasks, respectively. From the obtained results, we could appreciate that the proposed method, in addition to provide comparable results in object classification with respect to the baseline, largely outperforms OOD detection compared to several posthoc methods on three evaluation metrics: AUROC, AUPR and FPR95. |
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Paris; France; October 2023 |
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ICCVW |
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LAMP; MILAB |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ ARR2023 |
Serial |
3841 |
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| Author |
Roberto Morales; Juan Quispe; Eduardo Aguilar |
| Title |
Exploring multi-food detection using deep learning-based algorithms |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
13th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Systems |
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1-7 |
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People are becoming increasingly concerned about their diet, whether for disease prevention, medical treatment or other purposes. In meals served in restaurants, schools or public canteens, it is not easy to identify the ingredients and/or the nutritional information they contain. Currently, technological solutions based on deep learning models have facilitated the recording and tracking of food consumed based on the recognition of the main dish present in an image. Considering that sometimes there may be multiple foods served on the same plate, food analysis should be treated as a multi-class object detection problem. EfficientDet and YOLOv5 are object detection algorithms that have demonstrated high mAP and real-time performance on general domain data. However, these models have not been evaluated and compared on public food datasets. Unlike general domain objects, foods have more challenging features inherent in their nature that increase the complexity of detection. In this work, we performed a performance evaluation of Efficient-Det and YOLOv5 on three public food datasets: UNIMIB2016, UECFood256 and ChileanFood64. From the results obtained, it can be seen that YOLOv5 provides a significant difference in terms of both mAP and response time compared to EfficientDet in all datasets. Furthermore, YOLOv5 outperforms the state-of-the-art on UECFood256, achieving an improvement of more than 4% in terms of mAP@.50 over the best reported. |
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Guayaquil; Ecuador; July 2023 |
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ICPRS |
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MILAB |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ MQA2023 |
Serial |
3843 |
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| Author |
Bhalaji Nagarajan; Marc Bolaños; Eduardo Aguilar; Petia Radeva |
| Title |
Deep ensemble-based hard sample mining for food recognition |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation |
Abbreviated Journal |
JVCIR |
| Volume |
95 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103905 |
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| Abstract |
Deep neural networks represent a compelling technique to tackle complex real-world problems, but are over-parameterized and often suffer from over- or under-confident estimates. Deep ensembles have shown better parameter estimations and often provide reliable uncertainty estimates that contribute to the robustness of the results. In this work, we propose a new metric to identify samples that are hard to classify. Our metric is defined as coincidence score for deep ensembles which measures the agreement of its individual models. The main hypothesis we rely on is that deep learning algorithms learn the low-loss samples better compared to large-loss samples. In order to compensate for this, we use controlled over-sampling on the identified ”hard” samples using proper data augmentation schemes to enable the models to learn those samples better. We validate the proposed metric using two public food datasets on different backbone architectures and show the improvements compared to the conventional deep neural network training using different performance metrics. |
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MILAB |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ NBA2023 |
Serial |
3844 |
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| Author |
Cristhian A. Aguilera-Carrasco; Luis Felipe Gonzalez-Böhme; Francisco Valdes; Francisco Javier Quitral Zapata; Bogdan Raducanu |
| Title |
A Hand-Drawn Language for Human–Robot Collaboration in Wood Stereotomy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
IEEE Access |
Abbreviated Journal |
ACCESS |
| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100975 - 100985 |
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| Abstract |
This study introduces a novel, hand-drawn language designed to foster human-robot collaboration in wood stereotomy, central to carpentry and joinery professions. Based on skilled carpenters’ line and symbol etchings on timber, this language signifies the location, geometry of woodworking joints, and timber placement within a framework. A proof-of-concept prototype has been developed, integrating object detectors, keypoint regression, and traditional computer vision techniques to interpret this language and enable an extensive repertoire of actions. Empirical data attests to the language’s efficacy, with the successful identification of a specific set of symbols on various wood species’ sawn surfaces, achieving a mean average precision (mAP) exceeding 90%. Concurrently, the system can accurately pinpoint critical positions that facilitate robotic comprehension of carpenter-indicated woodworking joint geometry. The positioning error, approximately 3 pixels, meets industry standards. |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ AGV2023 |
Serial |
3969 |
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| Author |
Roger Max Calle Quispe; Maya Aghaei Gavari; Eduardo Aguilar Torres |
| Title |
Towards real-time accurate safety helmets detection through a deep learning-based method |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingenieria |
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31 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
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| Abstract |
Occupational safety is a fundamental activity in industries and revolves around the management of the necessary controls that must be present to mitigate occupational risks. These controls include verifying the use of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE). Within PPE, safety helmets are vital to reducing severe or fatal consequences caused by head injuries. This problem has been addressed recently by various research based on deep learning to detect the usage of safety helmets by the present people in the industrial field.
These works have achieved promising results for safety helmet detection using object detection methods from the YOLO family. In this work, we propose to analyze the performance of Scaled-YOLOv4, a novel model of the YOLO family that has yet to be previously studied for this problem. The performance of the Scaled-YOLOv4 is evaluated on two public databases, carefully selected among the previously proposed datasets for the occupational safety framework. We demonstrate the superiority of Scaled-YOLOv4 in terms of mAP and Fl-score concerning the previous works for both databases. Further, we summarize the currently available datasets for safety helmet detection purposes and discuss their suitability. |
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MILAB |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ CAA2023 |
Serial |
3846 |
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| Author |
Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Sanket Biswas; Andres Mafla; Ali Furkan Biten; Alicia Fornes; Yousri Kessentini; Josep Llados; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
| Title |
Text-DIAE: a self-supervised degradation invariant autoencoder for text recognition and document enhancement |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence |
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37 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
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Representation Learning for Vision; CV Applications; CV Language and Vision; ML Unsupervised; Self-Supervised Learning |
| Abstract |
In this paper, we propose a Text-Degradation Invariant Auto Encoder (Text-DIAE), a self-supervised model designed to tackle two tasks, text recognition (handwritten or scene-text) and document image enhancement. We start by employing a transformer-based architecture that incorporates three pretext tasks as learning objectives to be optimized during pre-training without the usage of labelled data. Each of the pretext objectives is specifically tailored for the final downstream tasks. We conduct several ablation experiments that confirm the design choice of the selected pretext tasks. Importantly, the proposed model does not exhibit limitations of previous state-of-the-art methods based on contrastive losses, while at the same time requiring substantially fewer data samples to converge. Finally, we demonstrate that our method surpasses the state-of-the-art in existing supervised and self-supervised settings in handwritten and scene text recognition and document image enhancement. Our code and trained models will be made publicly available at https://github.com/dali92002/SSL-OCR |
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AAAI |
| Notes |
DAG |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ SBM2023 |
Serial |
3848 |
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| Author |
Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Pau Torras; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes |
| Title |
An Evaluation of Handwritten Text Recognition Methods for Historical Ciphered Manuscripts |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
7th International Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing |
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Issue |
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Pages |
7-12 |
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This paper investigates the effectiveness of different deep learning HTR families, including LSTM, Seq2Seq, and transformer-based approaches with self-supervised pretraining, in recognizing ciphered manuscripts from different historical periods and cultures. The goal is to identify the most suitable method or training techniques for recognizing ciphered manuscripts and to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities in this field of research. We evaluate the performance of these models on several datasets of ciphered manuscripts and discuss their results. This study contributes to the development of more accurate and efficient methods for recognizing historical manuscripts for the preservation and dissemination of our cultural heritage. |
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HIP |
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DAG |
Approved |
no |
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Admin @ si @ STC2023 |
Serial |
3849 |
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| Author |
Pau Torras; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Sanket Biswas; Alicia Fornes |
| Title |
Segmentation-Free Alignment of Arbitrary Symbol Transcripts to Images |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2023 Workshops |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
14193 |
Issue |
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Pages |
83-93 |
| Keywords |
Historical Manuscripts; Symbol Alignment |
| Abstract |
Developing arbitrary symbol recognition systems is a challenging endeavour. Even using content-agnostic architectures such as few-shot models, performance can be substantially improved by providing a number of well-annotated examples into training. In some contexts, transcripts of the symbols are available without any position information associated to them, which enables using line-level recognition architectures. A way of providing this position information to detection-based architectures is finding systems that can align the input symbols with the transcription. In this paper we discuss some symbol alignment techniques that are suitable for low-data scenarios and provide an insight on their perceived strengths and weaknesses. In particular, we study the usage of Connectionist Temporal Classification models, Attention-Based Sequence to Sequence models and we compare them with the results obtained on a few-shot recognition system. |
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LNCS |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TSS2023 |
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3850 |
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| Author |
Marwa Dhiaf; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Kai Wang; Yuyang Liu; Yousri Kessentini; Alicia Fornes; Ahmed Cheikh Rouhou |
| Title |
CSSL-MHTR: Continual Self-Supervised Learning for Scalable Multi-script Handwritten Text Recognition |
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Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Arxiv |
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Self-supervised learning has recently emerged as a strong alternative in document analysis. These approaches are now capable of learning high-quality image representations and overcoming the limitations of supervised methods, which require a large amount of labeled data. However, these methods are unable to capture new knowledge in an incremental fashion, where data is presented to the model sequentially, which is closer to the realistic scenario. In this paper, we explore the potential of continual self-supervised learning to alleviate the catastrophic forgetting problem in handwritten text recognition, as an example of sequence recognition. Our method consists in adding intermediate layers called adapters for each task, and efficiently distilling knowledge from the previous model while learning the current task. Our proposed framework is efficient in both computation and memory complexity. To demonstrate its effectiveness, we evaluate our method by transferring the learned model to diverse text recognition downstream tasks, including Latin and non-Latin scripts. As far as we know, this is the first application of continual self-supervised learning for handwritten text recognition. We attain state-of-the-art performance on English, Italian and Russian scripts, whilst adding only a few parameters per task. The code and trained models will be publicly available. |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ DSW2023 |
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3851 |
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| Author |
Mickael Coustaty; Alicia Fornes |
| Title |
Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2023 Workshops |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2023 Workshops |
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14194 |
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2 |
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| Address |
San Jose; USA; August 2023 |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ CoF2023 |
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3852 |
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| Author |
Akshita Gupta; Sanath Narayan; Salman Khan; Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Ling Shao; Joost Van de Weijer |
| Title |
Generative Multi-Label Zero-Shot Learning |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
14611-14624 |
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Generalized zero-shot learning; Multi-label classification; Zero-shot object detection; Feature synthesis |
| Abstract |
Multi-label zero-shot learning strives to classify images into multiple unseen categories for which no data is available during training. The test samples can additionally contain seen categories in the generalized variant. Existing approaches rely on learning either shared or label-specific attention from the seen classes. Nevertheless, computing reliable attention maps for unseen classes during inference in a multi-label setting is still a challenge. In contrast, state-of-the-art single-label generative adversarial network (GAN) based approaches learn to directly synthesize the class-specific visual features from the corresponding class attribute embeddings. However, synthesizing multi-label features from GANs is still unexplored in the context of zero-shot setting. When multiple objects occur jointly in a single image, a critical question is how to effectively fuse multi-class information. In this work, we introduce different fusion approaches at the attribute-level, feature-level and cross-level (across attribute and feature-levels) for synthesizing multi-label features from their corresponding multi-label class embeddings. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to tackle the problem of multi-label feature synthesis in the (generalized) zero-shot setting. Our cross-level fusion-based generative approach outperforms the state-of-the-art on three zero-shot benchmarks: NUS-WIDE, Open Images and MS COCO. Furthermore, we show the generalization capabilities of our fusion approach in the zero-shot detection task on MS COCO, achieving favorable performance against existing methods. |
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December 2023 |
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LAMP; PID2021-128178OB-I00 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ |
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3853 |
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JW Xiao; CB Zhang; J. Feng; Xialei Liu; Joost Van de Weijer; MM Cheng |
| Title |
Endpoints Weight Fusion for Class Incremental Semantic Segmentation |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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7204-7213 |
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Class incremental semantic segmentation (CISS) focuses on alleviating catastrophic forgetting to improve discrimination. Previous work mainly exploit regularization (e.g., knowledge distillation) to maintain previous knowledge in the current model. However, distillation alone often yields limited gain to the model since only the representations of old and new models are restricted to be consistent. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective method to obtain a model with strong memory of old knowledge, named Endpoints Weight Fusion (EWF). In our method, the model containing old knowledge is fused with the model retaining new knowledge in a dynamic fusion manner, strengthening the memory of old classes in ever-changing distributions. In addition, we analyze the relation between our fusion strategy and a popular moving average technique EMA, which reveals why our method is more suitable for class-incremental learning. To facilitate parameter fusion with closer distance in the parameter space, we use distillation to enhance the optimization process. Furthermore, we conduct experiments on two widely used datasets, achieving the state-of-the-art performance. |
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Vancouver; Canada; June 2023 |
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CVPR |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ XZF2023 |
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3854 |
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| Author |
Patricia Suarez; Dario Carpio; Angel Sappa |
| Title |
A Deep Learning Based Approach for Synthesizing Realistic Depth Maps |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
22nd International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing |
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| Volume |
14234 |
Issue |
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369–380 |
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This paper presents a novel cycle generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) architecture for synthesizing high-quality depth maps from a given monocular image. The proposed architecture uses multiple loss functions, including cycle consistency, contrastive, identity, and least square losses, to enable the generation of realistic and high-fidelity depth maps. The proposed approach addresses this challenge by synthesizing depth maps from RGB images without requiring paired training data. Comparisons with several state-of-the-art approaches are provided showing the proposed approach overcome other approaches both in terms of quantitative metrics and visual quality. |
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Udine; Italia; Setember 2023 |
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ICIAP |
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MSIAU |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ SCS2023a |
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3968 |
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Jose Elias Yauri; M. Lagos; H. Vega-Huerta; P. de-la-Cruz; G.L.E Maquen-Niño; E. Condor-Tinoco |
| Title |
Detection of Epileptic Seizures Based-on Channel Fusion and Transformer Network in EEG Recordings |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
IJACSA |
| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1067-1074 |
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Epilepsy; epilepsy detection; EEG; EEG channel fusion; convolutional neural network; self-attention |
| Abstract |
According to the World Health Organization, epilepsy affects more than 50 million people in the world, and specifically, 80% of them live in developing countries. Therefore, epilepsy has become among the major public issue for many governments and deserves to be engaged. Epilepsy is characterized by uncontrollable seizures in the subject due to a sudden abnormal functionality of the brain. Recurrence of epilepsy attacks change people’s lives and interferes with their daily activities. Although epilepsy has no cure, it could be mitigated with an appropriated diagnosis and medication. Usually, epilepsy diagnosis is based on the analysis of an electroencephalogram (EEG) of the patient. However, the process of searching for seizure patterns in a multichannel EEG recording is a visual demanding and time consuming task, even for experienced neurologists. Despite the recent progress in automatic recognition of epilepsy, the multichannel nature of EEG recordings still challenges current methods. In this work, a new method to detect epilepsy in multichannel EEG recordings is proposed. First, the method uses convolutions to perform channel fusion, and next, a self-attention network extracts temporal features to classify between interictal and ictal epilepsy states. The method was validated in the public CHB-MIT dataset using the k-fold cross-validation and achieved 99.74% of specificity and 99.15% of sensitivity, surpassing current approaches. |
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| Author |
P. Canals; Simone Balocco; O. Diaz; J. Li; A. Garcia Tornel; M. Olive Gadea; M. Ribo |
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A fully automatic method for vascular tortuosity feature extraction in the supra-aortic region: unraveling possibilities in stroke treatment planning |
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Journal Article |
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2023 |
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Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics |
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CMIG |
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104 |
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102170 |
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Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Stroke; Thrombectomy; Vascular feature extraction; Vascular tortuosity |
| Abstract |
Vascular tortuosity of supra-aortic vessels is widely considered one of the main reasons for failure and delays in endovascular treatment of large vessel occlusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Characterization of tortuosity is a challenging task due to the lack of objective, robust and effective analysis tools. We present a fully automatic method for arterial segmentation, vessel labelling and tortuosity feature extraction applied to the supra-aortic region. A sample of 566 computed tomography angiography scans from acute ischemic stroke patients (aged 74.8 ± 12.9, 51.0% females) were used for training, validation and testing of a segmentation module based on a U-Net architecture (162 cases) and a vessel labelling module powered by a graph U-Net (566 cases). Successively, 30 cases were processed for testing of a tortuosity feature extraction module. Measurements obtained through automatic processing were compared to manual annotations from two observers for a thorough validation of the method. The proposed feature extraction method presented similar performance to the inter-rater variability observed in the measurement of 33 geometrical and morphological features of the arterial anatomy in the supra-aortic region. This system will contribute to the development of more complex models to advance the treatment of stroke by adding immediate automation, objectivity, repeatability and robustness to the vascular tortuosity characterization of patients. |
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Admin @ si @ CBD2023 |
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4005 |
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