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Author |
Simone Zini; Alex Gomez-Villa; Marco Buzzelli; Bartlomiej Twardowski; Andrew D. Bagdanov; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Planckian Jitter: countering the color-crippling effects of color jitter on self-supervised training |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
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11th International Conference on Learning Representations |
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Several recent works on self-supervised learning are trained by mapping different augmentations of the same image to the same feature representation. The data augmentations used are of crucial importance to the quality of learned feature representations. In this paper, we analyze how the color jitter traditionally used in data augmentation negatively impacts the quality of the color features in learned feature representations. To address this problem, we propose a more realistic, physics-based color data augmentation – which we call Planckian Jitter – that creates realistic variations in chromaticity and produces a model robust to illumination changes that can be commonly observed in real life, while maintaining the ability to discriminate image content based on color information. Experiments confirm that such a representation is complementary to the representations learned with the currently-used color jitter augmentation and that a simple concatenation leads to significant performance gains on a wide range of downstream datasets. In addition, we present a color sensitivity analysis that documents the impact of different training methods on model neurons and shows that the performance of the learned features is robust with respect to illuminant variations. |
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1 -5 May 2023, Kigali, Ruanda |
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ICLR |
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LAMP; 600.147; 611.008; 5300006 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ZGB2023 |
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3820 |
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Author |
German Barquero; Sergio Escalera; Cristina Palmero |
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Title |
BeLFusion: Latent Diffusion for Behavior-Driven Human Motion Prediction |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops |
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2317-2327 |
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Stochastic human motion prediction (HMP) has generally been tackled with generative adversarial networks and variational autoencoders. Most prior works aim at predicting highly diverse movements in terms of the skeleton joints’ dispersion. This has led to methods predicting fast and motion-divergent movements, which are often unrealistic and incoherent with past motion. Such methods also neglect contexts that need to anticipate diverse low-range behaviors, or actions, with subtle joint displacements. To address these issues, we present BeLFusion, a model that, for the first time, leverages latent diffusion models in HMP to sample from a latent space where behavior is disentangled from pose and motion. As a result, diversity is encouraged from a behavioral perspective. Thanks to our behavior
coupler’s ability to transfer sampled behavior to ongoing motion, BeLFusion’s predictions display a variety of behaviors that are significantly more realistic than the state of the art. To support it, we introduce two metrics, the Area of
the Cumulative Motion Distribution, and the Average Pairwise Distance Error, which are correlated to our definition of realism according to a qualitative study with 126 participants. Finally, we prove BeLFusion’s generalization power in a new cross-dataset scenario for stochastic HMP. |
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2-6 October 2023. Paris (France) |
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ICCV |
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HUPBA; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BEP2023 |
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3829 |
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Author |
Yael Tudela; Ana Garcia Rodriguez; Gloria Fernandez Esparrach; Jorge Bernal |
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Title |
Towards Fine-Grained Polyp Segmentation and Classification |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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Workshop on Clinical Image-Based Procedures |
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14242 |
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32-42 |
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Medical image segmentation; Colorectal Cancer; Vision Transformer; Classification |
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Colorectal cancer is one of the main causes of cancer death worldwide. Colonoscopy is the gold standard screening tool as it allows lesion detection and removal during the same procedure. During the last decades, several efforts have been made to develop CAD systems to assist clinicians in lesion detection and classification. Regarding the latter, and in order to be used in the exploration room as part of resect and discard or leave-in-situ strategies, these systems must identify correctly all different lesion types. This is a challenging task, as the data used to train these systems presents great inter-class similarity, high class imbalance, and low representation of clinically relevant histology classes such as serrated sessile adenomas.
In this paper, a new polyp segmentation and classification method, Swin-Expand, is introduced. Based on Swin-Transformer, it uses a simple and lightweight decoder. The performance of this method has been assessed on a novel dataset, comprising 1126 high-definition images representing the three main histological classes. Results show a clear improvement in both segmentation and classification performance, also achieving competitive results when tested in public datasets. These results confirm that both the method and the data are important to obtain more accurate polyp representations. |
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Vancouver; October 2023 |
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MICCAIW |
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ISE |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TGF2023 |
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3837 |
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Author |
Benjia Zhou; Zhigang Chen; Albert Clapes; Jun Wan; Yanyan Liang; Sergio Escalera; Zhen Lei; Du Zhang |
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Title |
Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Improving from Visual-Language Pretraining |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops |
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Sign Language Translation (SLT) is a challenging task due to its cross-domain nature, involving the translation of visual-gestural language to text. Many previous methods employ an intermediate representation, i.e., gloss sequences, to facilitate SLT, thus transforming it into a two-stage task of sign language recognition (SLR) followed by sign language translation (SLT). However, the scarcity of gloss-annotated sign language data, combined with the information bottleneck in the mid-level gloss representation, has hindered the further development of the SLT task. To address this challenge, we propose a novel Gloss-Free SLT based on Visual-Language Pretraining (GFSLT-VLP), which improves SLT by inheriting language-oriented prior knowledge from pre-trained models, without any gloss annotation assistance. Our approach involves two stages: (i) integrating Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) with masked self-supervised learning to create pre-tasks that bridge the semantic gap between visual and textual representations and restore masked sentences, and (ii) constructing an end-to-end architecture with an encoder-decoder-like structure that inherits the parameters of the pre-trained Visual Encoder and Text Decoder from the first stage. The seamless combination of these novel designs forms a robust sign language representation and significantly improves gloss-free sign language translation. In particular, we have achieved unprecedented improvements in terms of BLEU-4 score on the PHOENIX14T dataset (>+5) and the CSL-Daily dataset (>+3) compared to state-of-the-art gloss-free SLT methods. Furthermore, our approach also achieves competitive results on the PHOENIX14T dataset when compared with most of the gloss-based methods. |
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Vancouver; Canada; June 2023 |
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ICCVW |
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HUPBA; |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ZCC2023 |
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3839 |
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Author |
Matthias Eisenmann; Annika Reinke; Vivienn Weru; Minu D. Tizabi; Fabian Isensee; Tim J. Adler; Sharib Ali; Vincent Andrearczyk; Marc Aubreville; Ujjwal Baid; Spyridon Bakas; Niranjan Balu; Sophia Bano; Jorge Bernal; Sebastian Bodenstedt; Alessandro Casella; Veronika Cheplygina; Marie Daum; Marleen de Bruijne |
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Title |
Why Is the Winner the Best? |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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19955-19966 |
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International benchmarking competitions have become fundamental for the comparative performance assessment of image analysis methods. However, little attention has been given to investigating what can be learnt from these competitions. Do they really generate scientific progress? What are common and successful participation strategies? What makes a solution superior to a competing method? To address this gap in the literature, we performed a multi-center study with all 80 competitions that were conducted in the scope of IEEE ISBI 2021 and MICCAI 2021. Statistical analyses performed based on comprehensive descriptions of the submitted algorithms linked to their rank as well as the underlying participation strategies revealed common characteristics of winning solutions. These typically include the use of multi-task learning (63%) and/or multi-stage pipelines (61%), and a focus on augmentation (100%), image preprocessing (97%), data curation (79%), and postprocessing (66%). The “typical” lead of a winning team is a computer scientist with a doctoral degree, five years of experience in biomedical image analysis, and four years of experience in deep learning. Two core general development strategies stood out for highly-ranked teams: the reflection of the metrics in the method design and the focus on analyzing and handling failure cases. According to the organizers, 43% of the winning algorithms exceeded the state of the art but only 11% completely solved the respective domain problem. The insights of our study could help researchers (1) improve algorithm development strategies when approaching new problems, and (2) focus on open research questions revealed by this work. |
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Vancouver; Canada; June 2023 |
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CVPR |
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ISE |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ERW2023 |
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3842 |
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Author |
Eduardo Aguilar; Bogdan Raducanu; Petia Radeva; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Continual Evidential Deep Learning for Out-of-Distribution Detection |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops -Visual Continual Learning workshop |
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3444-3454 |
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Uncertainty-based deep learning models have attracted a great deal of interest for their ability to provide accurate and reliable predictions. Evidential deep learning stands out achieving remarkable performance in detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data with a single deterministic neural network. Motivated by this fact, in this paper we propose the integration of an evidential deep learning method into a continual learning framework in order to perform simultaneously incremental object classification and OOD detection. Moreover, we analyze the ability of vacuity and dissonance to differentiate between in-distribution data belonging to old classes and OOD data. The proposed method, called CEDL, is evaluated on CIFAR-100 considering two settings consisting of 5 and 10 tasks, respectively. From the obtained results, we could appreciate that the proposed method, in addition to provide comparable results in object classification with respect to the baseline, largely outperforms OOD detection compared to several posthoc methods on three evaluation metrics: AUROC, AUPR and FPR95. |
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Paris; France; October 2023 |
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ICCVW |
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LAMP; MILAB |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ARR2023 |
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3841 |
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Author |
Roberto Morales; Juan Quispe; Eduardo Aguilar |
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Title |
Exploring multi-food detection using deep learning-based algorithms |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
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13th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Systems |
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1-7 |
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People are becoming increasingly concerned about their diet, whether for disease prevention, medical treatment or other purposes. In meals served in restaurants, schools or public canteens, it is not easy to identify the ingredients and/or the nutritional information they contain. Currently, technological solutions based on deep learning models have facilitated the recording and tracking of food consumed based on the recognition of the main dish present in an image. Considering that sometimes there may be multiple foods served on the same plate, food analysis should be treated as a multi-class object detection problem. EfficientDet and YOLOv5 are object detection algorithms that have demonstrated high mAP and real-time performance on general domain data. However, these models have not been evaluated and compared on public food datasets. Unlike general domain objects, foods have more challenging features inherent in their nature that increase the complexity of detection. In this work, we performed a performance evaluation of Efficient-Det and YOLOv5 on three public food datasets: UNIMIB2016, UECFood256 and ChileanFood64. From the results obtained, it can be seen that YOLOv5 provides a significant difference in terms of both mAP and response time compared to EfficientDet in all datasets. Furthermore, YOLOv5 outperforms the state-of-the-art on UECFood256, achieving an improvement of more than 4% in terms of mAP@.50 over the best reported. |
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Guayaquil; Ecuador; July 2023 |
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ICPRS |
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MILAB |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ MQA2023 |
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3843 |
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Author |
Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Sanket Biswas; Andres Mafla; Ali Furkan Biten; Alicia Fornes; Yousri Kessentini; Josep Llados; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Text-DIAE: a self-supervised degradation invariant autoencoder for text recognition and document enhancement |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence |
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37 |
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2 |
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Representation Learning for Vision; CV Applications; CV Language and Vision; ML Unsupervised; Self-Supervised Learning |
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In this paper, we propose a Text-Degradation Invariant Auto Encoder (Text-DIAE), a self-supervised model designed to tackle two tasks, text recognition (handwritten or scene-text) and document image enhancement. We start by employing a transformer-based architecture that incorporates three pretext tasks as learning objectives to be optimized during pre-training without the usage of labelled data. Each of the pretext objectives is specifically tailored for the final downstream tasks. We conduct several ablation experiments that confirm the design choice of the selected pretext tasks. Importantly, the proposed model does not exhibit limitations of previous state-of-the-art methods based on contrastive losses, while at the same time requiring substantially fewer data samples to converge. Finally, we demonstrate that our method surpasses the state-of-the-art in existing supervised and self-supervised settings in handwritten and scene text recognition and document image enhancement. Our code and trained models will be made publicly available at https://github.com/dali92002/SSL-OCR |
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AAAI |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ SBM2023 |
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3848 |
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Author |
Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Pau Torras; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes |
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Title |
An Evaluation of Handwritten Text Recognition Methods for Historical Ciphered Manuscripts |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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7th International Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing |
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7-12 |
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This paper investigates the effectiveness of different deep learning HTR families, including LSTM, Seq2Seq, and transformer-based approaches with self-supervised pretraining, in recognizing ciphered manuscripts from different historical periods and cultures. The goal is to identify the most suitable method or training techniques for recognizing ciphered manuscripts and to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities in this field of research. We evaluate the performance of these models on several datasets of ciphered manuscripts and discuss their results. This study contributes to the development of more accurate and efficient methods for recognizing historical manuscripts for the preservation and dissemination of our cultural heritage. |
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HIP |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ STC2023 |
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3849 |
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Pau Torras; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Sanket Biswas; Alicia Fornes |
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Title |
Segmentation-Free Alignment of Arbitrary Symbol Transcripts to Images |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2023 Workshops |
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14193 |
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83-93 |
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Historical Manuscripts; Symbol Alignment |
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Developing arbitrary symbol recognition systems is a challenging endeavour. Even using content-agnostic architectures such as few-shot models, performance can be substantially improved by providing a number of well-annotated examples into training. In some contexts, transcripts of the symbols are available without any position information associated to them, which enables using line-level recognition architectures. A way of providing this position information to detection-based architectures is finding systems that can align the input symbols with the transcription. In this paper we discuss some symbol alignment techniques that are suitable for low-data scenarios and provide an insight on their perceived strengths and weaknesses. In particular, we study the usage of Connectionist Temporal Classification models, Attention-Based Sequence to Sequence models and we compare them with the results obtained on a few-shot recognition system. |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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Admin @ si @ TSS2023 |
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3850 |
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JW Xiao; CB Zhang; J. Feng; Xialei Liu; Joost Van de Weijer; MM Cheng |
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Title |
Endpoints Weight Fusion for Class Incremental Semantic Segmentation |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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7204-7213 |
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Class incremental semantic segmentation (CISS) focuses on alleviating catastrophic forgetting to improve discrimination. Previous work mainly exploit regularization (e.g., knowledge distillation) to maintain previous knowledge in the current model. However, distillation alone often yields limited gain to the model since only the representations of old and new models are restricted to be consistent. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective method to obtain a model with strong memory of old knowledge, named Endpoints Weight Fusion (EWF). In our method, the model containing old knowledge is fused with the model retaining new knowledge in a dynamic fusion manner, strengthening the memory of old classes in ever-changing distributions. In addition, we analyze the relation between our fusion strategy and a popular moving average technique EMA, which reveals why our method is more suitable for class-incremental learning. To facilitate parameter fusion with closer distance in the parameter space, we use distillation to enhance the optimization process. Furthermore, we conduct experiments on two widely used datasets, achieving the state-of-the-art performance. |
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Vancouver; Canada; June 2023 |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ XZF2023 |
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3854 |
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Author |
Patricia Suarez; Dario Carpio; Angel Sappa |
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A Deep Learning Based Approach for Synthesizing Realistic Depth Maps |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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22nd International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing |
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14234 |
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369–380 |
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This paper presents a novel cycle generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) architecture for synthesizing high-quality depth maps from a given monocular image. The proposed architecture uses multiple loss functions, including cycle consistency, contrastive, identity, and least square losses, to enable the generation of realistic and high-fidelity depth maps. The proposed approach addresses this challenge by synthesizing depth maps from RGB images without requiring paired training data. Comparisons with several state-of-the-art approaches are provided showing the proposed approach overcome other approaches both in terms of quantitative metrics and visual quality. |
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Udine; Italia; Setember 2023 |
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Admin @ si @ SCS2023a |
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3968 |
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Francesc Net; Marc Folia; Pep Casals; Lluis Gomez |
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Transductive Learning for Near-Duplicate Image Detection in Scanned Photo Collections |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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17th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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14191 |
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3-17 |
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Image deduplication; Near-duplicate images detection; Transductive Learning; Photographic Archives; Deep Learning |
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This paper presents a comparative study of near-duplicate image detection techniques in a real-world use case scenario, where a document management company is commissioned to manually annotate a collection of scanned photographs. Detecting duplicate and near-duplicate photographs can reduce the time spent on manual annotation by archivists. This real use case differs from laboratory settings as the deployment dataset is available in advance, allowing the use of transductive learning. We propose a transductive learning approach that leverages state-of-the-art deep learning architectures such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs). Our approach involves pre-training a deep neural network on a large dataset and then fine-tuning the network on the unlabeled target collection with self-supervised learning. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms the baseline methods in the task of near-duplicate image detection in the UKBench and an in-house private dataset. |
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San Jose; CA; USA; August 2023 |
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Admin @ si @ NFC2023 |
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3859 |
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Khanh Nguyen; Ali Furkan Biten; Andres Mafla; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Show, Interpret and Tell: Entity-Aware Contextualised Image Captioning in Wikipedia |
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2023 |
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Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence |
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37 |
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2 |
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1940-1948 |
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Humans exploit prior knowledge to describe images, and are able to adapt their explanation to specific contextual information given, even to the extent of inventing plausible explanations when contextual information and images do not match. In this work, we propose the novel task of captioning Wikipedia images by integrating contextual knowledge. Specifically, we produce models that jointly reason over Wikipedia articles, Wikimedia images and their associated descriptions to produce contextualized captions. The same Wikimedia image can be used to illustrate different articles, and the produced caption needs to be adapted to the specific context allowing us to explore the limits of the model to adjust captions to different contextual information. Dealing with out-of-dictionary words and Named Entities is a challenging task in this domain. To address this, we propose a pre-training objective, Masked Named Entity Modeling (MNEM), and show that this pretext task results to significantly improved models. Furthermore, we verify that a model pre-trained in Wikipedia generalizes well to News Captioning datasets. We further define two different test splits according to the difficulty of the captioning task. We offer insights on the role and the importance of each modality and highlight the limitations of our model. |
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Washington; USA; February 2023 |
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AAAI |
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Admin @ si @ NBM2023 |
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3860 |
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Author |
Ayan Banerjee; Sanket Biswas; Josep Llados; Umapada Pal |
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SwinDocSegmenter: An End-to-End Unified Domain Adaptive Transformer for Document Instance Segmentation |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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17th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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14187 |
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307–325 |
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Instance-level segmentation of documents consists in assigning a class-aware and instance-aware label to each pixel of the image. It is a key step in document parsing for their understanding. In this paper, we present a unified transformer encoder-decoder architecture for en-to-end instance segmentation of complex layouts in document images. The method adapts a contrastive training with a mixed query selection for anchor initialization in the decoder. Later on, it performs a dot product between the obtained query embeddings and the pixel embedding map (coming from the encoder) for semantic reasoning. Extensive experimentation on competitive benchmarks like PubLayNet, PRIMA, Historical Japanese (HJ), and TableBank demonstrate that our model with SwinL backbone achieves better segmentation performance than the existing state-of-the-art approaches with the average precision of 93.72, 54.39, 84.65 and 98.04 respectively under one billion parameters. The code is made publicly available at: github.com/ayanban011/SwinDocSegmenter . |
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San Jose; CA; USA; August 2023 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BBL2023 |
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3893 |
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