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Author Jun Wan; Guodong Guo; Sergio Escalera; Hugo Jair Escalante; Stan Z Li edit  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Best Solutions Proposed in the Context of the Face Anti-spoofing Challenge Series Type Book Chapter
  Year 2023 Publication Advances in Face Presentation Attack Detection Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 37–78  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The PAD competitions we organized attracted more than 835 teams from home and abroad, most of them from the industry, which shows that the topic of face anti-spoofing is closely related to daily life, and there is an urgent need for advanced algorithms to solve its application needs. Specifically, the Chalearn LAP multi-modal face anti-spoofing attack detection challenge attracted more than 300 teams for the development phase with a total of 13 teams qualifying for the final round; the Chalearn Face Anti-spoofing Attack Detection Challenge attracted 340 teams in the development stage, and finally, 11 and 8 teams have submitted their codes in the single-modal and multi-modal face anti-spoofing recognition challenges, respectively; the 3D High-Fidelity Mask Face Presentation Attack Detection Challenge attracted 195 teams for the development phase with a total of 18 teams qualifying for the final round. All the results were verified and re-run by the organizing team, and the results were used for the final ranking. In this chapter, we briefly the methods developed by the teams participating in each competition, and introduce the algorithm details of the top-three ranked teams in detail.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes HUPBA Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ WGE2023d Serial 3958  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Galadrielle Humblot-Renaux; Sergio Escalera; Thomas B. Moeslund edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title (up) Beyond AUROC & co. for evaluating out-of-distribution detection performance Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 3880-3889  
  Keywords  
  Abstract While there has been a growing research interest in developing out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods, there has been comparably little discussion around how these methods should be evaluated. Given their relevance for safe(r) AI, it is important to examine whether the basis for comparing OOD detection methods is consistent with practical needs. In this work, we take a closer look at the go-to metrics for evaluating OOD detection, and question the approach of exclusively reducing OOD detection to a binary classification task with little consideration for the detection threshold. We illustrate the limitations of current metrics (AUROC & its friends) and propose a new metric – Area Under the Threshold Curve (AUTC), which explicitly penalizes poor separation between ID and OOD samples. Scripts and data are available at https://github.com/glhr/beyond-auroc  
  Address Vancouver; Canada; June 2023  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPRW  
  Notes HUPBA Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ HEM2023 Serial 3918  
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Author Sanket Biswas; Pau Riba; Josep Llados; Umapada Pal edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Beyond Document Object Detection: Instance-Level Segmentation of Complex Layouts Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal IJDAR  
  Volume 24 Issue Pages 269–281  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Information extraction is a fundamental task of many business intelligence services that entail massive document processing. Understanding a document page structure in terms of its layout provides contextual support which is helpful in the semantic interpretation of the document terms. In this paper, inspired by the progress of deep learning methodologies applied to the task of object recognition, we transfer these models to the specific case of document object detection, reformulating the traditional problem of document layout analysis. Moreover, we importantly contribute to prior arts by defining the task of instance segmentation on the document image domain. An instance segmentation paradigm is especially important in complex layouts whose contents should interact for the proper rendering of the page, i.e., the proper text wrapping around an image. Finally, we provide an extensive evaluation, both qualitative and quantitative, that demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed methodology over the current state of the art.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.121; 600.140; 110.312 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BRL2021b Serial 3574  
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Author Lu Yu; Lichao Zhang; Joost Van de Weijer; Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Yongmei Cheng; C. Alejandro Parraga edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title (up) Beyond Eleven Color Names for Image Understanding Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Machine Vision and Applications Abbreviated Journal MVAP  
  Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 361-373  
  Keywords Color name; Discriminative descriptors; Image classification; Re-identification; Tracking  
  Abstract Color description is one of the fundamental problems of image understanding. One of the popular ways to represent colors is by means of color names. Most existing work on color names focuses on only the eleven basic color terms of the English language. This could be limiting the discriminative power of these representations, and representations based on more color names are expected to perform better. However, there exists no clear strategy to choose additional color names. We collect a dataset of 28 additional color names. To ensure that the resulting color representation has high discriminative power we propose a method to order the additional color names according to their complementary nature with the basic color names. This allows us to compute color name representations with high discriminative power of arbitrary length. In the experiments we show that these new color name descriptors outperform the existing color name descriptor on the task of visual tracking, person re-identification and image classification.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes LAMP; NEUROBIT; 600.068; 600.109; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ YYW2018 Serial 3087  
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Author Pau Rodriguez; Miguel Angel Bautista; Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Beyond Oneshot Encoding: lower dimensional target embedding Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Image and Vision Computing Abbreviated Journal IMAVIS  
  Volume 75 Issue Pages 21-31  
  Keywords Error correcting output codes; Output embeddings; Deep learning; Computer vision  
  Abstract Target encoding plays a central role when learning Convolutional Neural Networks. In this realm, one-hot encoding is the most prevalent strategy due to its simplicity. However, this so widespread encoding schema assumes a flat label space, thus ignoring rich relationships existing among labels that can be exploited during training. In large-scale datasets, data does not span the full label space, but instead lies in a low-dimensional output manifold. Following this observation, we embed the targets into a low-dimensional space, drastically improving convergence speed while preserving accuracy. Our contribution is two fold: (i) We show that random projections of the label space are a valid tool to find such lower dimensional embeddings, boosting dramatically convergence rates at zero computational cost; and (ii) we propose a normalized eigenrepresentation of the class manifold that encodes the targets with minimal information loss, improving the accuracy of random projections encoding while enjoying the same convergence rates. Experiments on CIFAR-100, CUB200-2011, Imagenet, and MIT Places demonstrate that the proposed approach drastically improves convergence speed while reaching very competitive accuracy rates.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISE; HuPBA; 600.098; 602.133; 602.121; 600.119 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RBE2018 Serial 3120  
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Author Murad Al Haj; Carles Fernandez; Zhanwu Xiong; Ivan Huerta; Jordi Gonzalez; Xavier Roca edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Beyond the Static Camera: Issues and Trends in Active Vision Type Book Chapter
  Year 2011 Publication Visual Analysis of Humans: Looking at People Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue 2 Pages 11-30  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Maximizing both the area coverage and the resolution per target is highly desirable in many applications of computer vision. However, with a limited number of cameras viewing a scene, the two objectives are contradictory. This chapter is dedicated to active vision systems, trying to achieve a trade-off between these two aims and examining the use of high-level reasoning in such scenarios. The chapter starts by introducing different approaches to active cameras configurations. Later, a single active camera system to track a moving object is developed, offering the reader first-hand understanding of the issues involved. Another section discusses practical considerations in building an active vision platform, taking as an example a multi-camera system developed for a European project. The last section of the chapter reflects upon the future trends of using semantic factors to drive smartly coordinated active systems.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer London Place of Publication Editor Th.B. Moeslund; A. Hilton; V. Krüger; L. Sigal  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-85729-996-3 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISE Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ AFX2011 Serial 1814  
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Author Arka Ujjal Dey; Suman Ghosh; Ernest Valveny; Gaurav Harit edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Beyond Visual Semantics: Exploring the Role of Scene Text in Image Understanding Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 149 Issue Pages 164-171  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Images with visual and scene text content are ubiquitous in everyday life. However, current image interpretation systems are mostly limited to using only the visual features, neglecting to leverage the scene text content. In this paper, we propose to jointly use scene text and visual channels for robust semantic interpretation of images. We do not only extract and encode visual and scene text cues, but also model their interplay to generate a contextual joint embedding with richer semantics. The contextual embedding thus generated is applied to retrieval and classification tasks on multimedia images, with scene text content, to demonstrate its effectiveness. In the retrieval framework, we augment our learned text-visual semantic representation with scene text cues, to mitigate vocabulary misses that may have occurred during the semantic embedding. To deal with irrelevant or erroneous recognition of scene text, we also apply query-based attention to our text channel. We show how the multi-channel approach, involving visual semantics and scene text, improves upon state of the art.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DGV2021 Serial 3364  
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Author David Fernandez; Jon Almazan; Nuria Cirera; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title (up) BH2M: the Barcelona Historical Handwritten Marriages database Type Conference Article
  Year 2014 Publication 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 256 - 261  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper presents an image database of historical handwritten marriages records stored in the archives of Barcelona cathedral, and the corresponding meta-data addressed to evaluate the performance of document analysis algorithms. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, it presents a complete ground truth which covers the whole pipeline of handwriting
recognition research, from layout analysis to recognition and understanding. Second, it is the first dataset in the emerging area of genealogical document analysis, where documents are manuscripts pseudo-structured with specific lexicons and the interest is beyond pure transcriptions but context dependent.
 
  Address Creete Island; Grecia; September 2014  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1051-4651 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICPR  
  Notes DAG; 600.056; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FAC2014 Serial 2461  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Reza Azad; Maryam Asadi Aghbolaghi; Mahmood Fathy; Sergio Escalera edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Bi-Directional ConvLSTM U-Net with Densley Connected Convolutions Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Visual Recognition for Medical Images workshop Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 406-415  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In recent years, deep learning-based networks have achieved state-of-the-art performance in medical image segmentation. Among the existing networks, U-Net has been successfully applied on medical image segmentation. In this paper, we propose an extension of U-Net, Bi-directional ConvLSTM U-Net with Densely connected convolutions (BCDU-Net), for medical image segmentation, in which we take full advantages of U-Net, bi-directional ConvLSTM (BConvLSTM) and the mechanism of dense convolutions. Instead of a simple concatenation in the skip connection of U-Net, we employ BConvLSTM to combine the feature maps extracted from the corresponding encoding path and the previous decoding up-convolutional layer in a non-linear way. To strengthen feature propagation and encourage feature reuse, we use densely connected convolutions in the last convolutional layer of the encoding path. Finally, we can accelerate the convergence speed of the proposed network by employing batch normalization (BN). The proposed model is evaluated on three datasets of: retinal blood vessel segmentation, skin lesion segmentation, and lung nodule segmentation, achieving state-of-the-art performance.  
  Address Seul; Korea; October 2019  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICCVW  
  Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ AAF2019 Serial 3324  
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Author Volkmar Frinken; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Jean-Marc Ogier edit   pdf
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title (up) Bidirectional Language Model for Handwriting Recognition Type Conference Article
  Year 2012 Publication Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition, Joint IAPR International Workshop Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7626 Issue Pages 611-619  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In order to improve the results of automatically recognized handwritten text, information about the language is commonly included in the recognition process. A common approach is to represent a text line as a sequence. It is processed in one direction and the language information via n-grams is directly included in the decoding. This approach, however, only uses context on one side to estimate a word’s probability. Therefore, we propose a bidirectional recognition in this paper, using distinct forward and a backward language models. By combining decoding hypotheses from both directions, we achieve a significant increase in recognition accuracy for the off-line writer independent handwriting recognition task. Both language models are of the same type and can be estimated on the same corpus. Hence, the increase in recognition accuracy comes without any additional need for training data or language modeling complexity.  
  Address Japan  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-34165-6 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference SSPR&SPR  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FFL2012 Serial 2057  
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Author Carlo Gatta; Petia Radeva edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Bilateral Enhancers Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 3161-3165  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Ten years ago the concept of bilateral filtering (BF) became popular in the image processing community. The core of the idea is to blend the effect of a spatial filter, as e.g. the Gaussian filter, with the effect of a filter that acts on image values. The two filters acts on orthogonal domains of a picture: the 2D lattice of the image support and the intensity (or color) domain. The BF approach is an intuitive way to blend these two filters giving rise to algorithms that perform difficult tasks requiring a relatively simple design. In this paper we extend the concept of BF, proposing the bilateral enhancers (BE). We show how to design proper functions to obtain an edge-preserving smoothing and a selective sharpening. Moreover, we show that the proposed algorithm can perform edge-preserving smoothing and selective sharpening simultaneously in a single filtering.  
  Address Cairo, Egypt  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1522-4880 ISBN 978-1-4244-5653-6 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICIP  
  Notes MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ GaR2009b Serial 1243  
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Author Muhammad Anwer Rao; Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Joost Van de Weijer; Matthieu Molinier; Jorma Laaksonen edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title (up) Binary patterns encoded convolutional neural networks for texture recognition and remote sensing scene classification Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Abbreviated Journal ISPRS J  
  Volume 138 Issue Pages 74-85  
  Keywords Remote sensing; Deep learning; Scene classification; Local Binary Patterns; Texture analysis  
  Abstract Designing discriminative powerful texture features robust to realistic imaging conditions is a challenging computer vision problem with many applications, including material recognition and analysis of satellite or aerial imagery. In the past, most texture description approaches were based on dense orderless statistical distribution of local features. However, most recent approaches to texture recognition and remote sensing scene classification are based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The de facto practice when learning these CNN models is to use RGB patches as input with training performed on large amounts of labeled data (ImageNet). In this paper, we show that Local Binary Patterns (LBP) encoded CNN models, codenamed TEX-Nets, trained using mapped coded images with explicit LBP based texture information provide complementary information to the standard RGB deep models. Additionally, two deep architectures, namely early and late fusion, are investigated to combine the texture and color information. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to investigate Binary Patterns encoded CNNs and different deep network fusion architectures for texture recognition and remote sensing scene classification. We perform comprehensive experiments on four texture recognition datasets and four remote sensing scene classification benchmarks: UC-Merced with 21 scene categories, WHU-RS19 with 19 scene classes, RSSCN7 with 7 categories and the recently introduced large scale aerial image dataset (AID) with 30 aerial scene types. We demonstrate that TEX-Nets provide complementary information to standard RGB deep model of the same network architecture. Our late fusion TEX-Net architecture always improves the overall performance compared to the standard RGB network on both recognition problems. Furthermore, our final combination leads to consistent improvement over the state-of-the-art for remote sensing scene  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RKW2018 Serial 3158  
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Author Xavier Perez; Cecilio Angulo; Sergio Escalera edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Biologically Inspired Path Execution Using SURF Flow in Robot Navigation Type Conference Article
  Year 2011 Publication 11th International Work Conference on Artificial Neural Networks Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume II Issue Pages 581--588  
  Keywords  
  Abstract An exportable and robust system using only camera images is proposed for path execution in robot navigation. Motion information is extracted in the form of optical flow from SURF robust descriptors of consecutive frames, so the method is called SURF flow. This information is used to correct robot displacement when a straight forward path command is sent to the robot, but it is not really executed due to several robot and environmental concerns. The proposed system has been successfully tested on the legged robot Aibo.  
  Address Malaga  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-21497-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference IWANN  
  Notes HuPBA;MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ PAE2011b Serial 1773  
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Author Xavier Perez Sala; Cecilio Angulo; Sergio Escalera edit  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title (up) Biologically Inspired Turn Control in Robot Navigation Type Conference Article
  Year 2011 Publication 14th Congrès Català en Intel·ligencia Artificial Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 187-196  
  Keywords  
  Abstract An exportable and robust system for turn control using only camera images is proposed for path execution in robot navigation. Robot motion information is extracted in the form of optical flow from SURF robust descriptors of consecutive frames in the image sequence. This information is used to compute the instantaneous rotation angle. Finally, control loop is closed correcting robot displacements when it is requested for a turn command. The proposed system has been successfully tested on the four-legged Sony Aibo robot.  
  Address Lleida  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-1-60750-841-0 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CCIA  
  Notes HuPBA;MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ PAE2011a Serial 1753  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Arash Akbarinia; C. Alejandro Parraga edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title (up) Biologically plausible boundary detection Type Conference Article
  Year 2016 Publication 27th British Machine Vision Conference Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Edges are key components of any visual scene to the extent that we can recognise objects merely by their silhouettes. The human visual system captures edge information through neurons in the visual cortex that are sensitive to both intensity discontinuities and particular orientations. The “classical approach” assumes that these cells are only responsive to the stimulus present within their receptive fields, however, recent studies demonstrate that surrounding regions and inter-areal feedback connections influence their responses significantly. In this work we propose a biologically-inspired edge detection model in which orientation selective neurons are represented through the first derivative of a Gaussian function resembling double-opponent cells in the primary visual cortex (V1). In our model we account for four kinds of surround, i.e. full, far, iso- and orthogonal-orientation, whose contributions are contrast-dependant. The output signal from V1 is pooled in its perpendicular direction by larger V2 neurons employing a contrast-variant centre-surround kernel. We further introduce a feedback connection from higher-level visual areas to the lower ones. The results of our model on two benchmark datasets show a big improvement compared to the current non-learning and biologically-inspired state-of-the-art algorithms while being competitive to the learning-based methods.  
  Address York; UK; September 2016  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference BMVC  
  Notes NEUROBIT; 600.068; 600.072 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ AkP2016a Serial 2867  
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