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Author Koen E.A. van de Sande; Theo Gevers; Cees G.M. Snoek edit  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Empowering Visual Categorization with the GPU Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication IEEE Transactions on Multimedia Abbreviated Journal TMM  
  Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 60-70  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Visual categorization is important to manage large collections of digital images and video, where textual meta-data is often incomplete or simply unavailable. The bag-of-words model has become the most powerful method for visual categorization of images and video. Despite its high accuracy, a severe drawback of this model is its high computational cost. As the trend to increase computational power in newer CPU and GPU architectures is to increase their level of parallelism, exploiting this parallelism becomes an important direction to handle the computational cost of the bag-of-words approach. When optimizing a system based on the bag-of-words approach, the goal is to minimize the time it takes to process batches of images. Additionally, we also consider power usage as an evaluation metric. In this paper, we analyze the bag-of-words model for visual categorization in terms of computational cost and identify two major bottlenecks: the quantization step and the classification step. We address these two bottlenecks by proposing two efficient algorithms for quantization and classification by exploiting the GPU hardware and the CUDA parallel programming model. The algorithms are designed to (1) keep categorization accuracy intact, (2) decompose the problem and (3) give the same numerical results. In the experiments on large scale datasets it is shown that, by using a parallel implementation on the Geforce GTX260 GPU, classifying unseen images is 4.8 times faster than a quad-core CPU version on the Core i7 920, while giving the exact same numerical results. In addition, we show how the algorithms can be generalized to other applications, such as text retrieval and video retrieval. Moreover, when the obtained speedup is used to process extra video frames in a video retrieval benchmark, the accuracy of visual categorization is improved by 29%.  
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  Notes ISE Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SGS2011b Serial 1729  
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Author Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Jordi Gonzalez edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title (up) End-to-end Global to Local CNN Learning for Hand Pose Recovery in Depth data Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication IET Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal IETCV  
  Volume 16 Issue 1 Pages 50-66  
  Keywords Computer vision; data acquisition; human computer interaction; learning (artificial intelligence); pose estimation  
  Abstract Despite recent advances in 3D pose estimation of human hands, especially thanks to the advent of CNNs and depth cameras, this task is still far from being solved. This is mainly due to the highly non-linear dynamics of fingers, which make hand model training a challenging task. In this paper, we exploit a novel hierarchical tree-like structured CNN, in which branches are trained to become specialized in predefined subsets of hand joints, called local poses. We further fuse local pose features, extracted from hierarchical CNN branches, to learn higher order dependencies among joints in the final pose by end-to-end training. Lastly, the loss function used is also defined to incorporate appearance and physical constraints about doable hand motion and deformation. Finally, we introduce a non-rigid data augmentation approach to increase the amount of training depth data. Experimental results suggest that feeding a tree-shaped CNN, specialized in local poses, into a fusion network for modeling joints correlations and dependencies, helps to increase the precision of final estimations, outperforming state-of-the-art results on NYU and SyntheticHand datasets.  
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  Notes HUPBA; ISE; 600.098; 600.119 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MEB2022 Serial 3652  
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Author S.K. Jemni; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Yousri Kessentini; Alicia Fornes edit  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Enhance to Read Better: A Multi-Task Adversarial Network for Handwritten Document Image Enhancement Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR  
  Volume 123 Issue Pages 108370  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Handwritten document images can be highly affected by degradation for different reasons: Paper ageing, daily-life scenarios (wrinkles, dust, etc.), bad scanning process and so on. These artifacts raise many readability issues for current Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) algorithms and severely devalue their efficiency. In this paper, we propose an end to end architecture based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to recover the degraded documents into a and form. Unlike the most well-known document binarization methods, which try to improve the visual quality of the degraded document, the proposed architecture integrates a handwritten text recognizer that promotes the generated document image to be more readable. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to use the text information while binarizing handwritten documents. Extensive experiments conducted on degraded Arabic and Latin handwritten documents demonstrate the usefulness of integrating the recognizer within the GAN architecture, which improves both the visual quality and the readability of the degraded document images. Moreover, we outperform the state of the art in H-DIBCO challenges, after fine tuning our pre-trained model with synthetically degraded Latin handwritten images, on this task.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.124; 600.121; 602.230 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ JSK2022 Serial 3613  
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Author Wenjuan Gong; W.Zhang; Jordi Gonzalez; Y.Ren; Z.Li edit  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Enhanced Asymmetric Bilinear Model for Face Recognition Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks Abbreviated Journal IJDSN  
  Volume Issue Pages Article ID 218514  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Bilinear models have been successfully applied to separate two factors, for example, pose variances and different identities in face recognition problems. Asymmetric model is a type of bilinear model which models a system in the most concise way. But seldom there are works exploring the applications of asymmetric bilinear model on face recognition problem with illumination changes. In this work, we propose enhanced asymmetric model for illumination-robust face recognition. Instead of initializing the factor probabilities randomly, we initialize them with nearest neighbor method and optimize them for the test data. Above that, we update the factor model to be identified. We validate the proposed method on a designed data sample and extended Yale B dataset. The experiment results show that the enhanced asymmetric models give promising results and good recognition accuracies.  
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  Notes ISE; 600.063; 600.078 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GZG2015 Serial 2592  
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Author Patricia Suarez; Dario Carpio; Angel Sappa edit  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Enhancement of guided thermal image super-resolution approaches Type Journal Article
  Year 2024 Publication Neurocomputing Abbreviated Journal NEUCOM  
  Volume 573 Issue 127197 Pages 1-17  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Guided image processing techniques are widely used to extract meaningful information from a guiding image and facilitate the enhancement of the guided one. This paper specifically addresses the challenge of guided thermal image super-resolution, where a low-resolution thermal image is enhanced using a high-resolution visible spectrum image. We propose a new strategy that enhances outcomes from current guided super-resolution methods. This is achieved by transforming the initial guiding data into a representation resembling a thermal-like image, which is more closely in sync with the intended output. Experimental results with upscale factors of 8 and 16, demonstrate the outstanding performance of our approach in guided thermal image super-resolution obtained by mapping the original guiding information to a thermal-like image representation.  
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  Notes MSIAU Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SCS2024 Serial 3998  
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Author Ivet Rafegas; Javier Vazquez; Robert Benavente; Maria Vanrell; Susana Alvarez edit  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Enhancing spatio-chromatic representation with more-than-three color coding for image description Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication Journal of the Optical Society of America A Abbreviated Journal JOSA A  
  Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 827-837  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Extraction of spatio-chromatic features from color images is usually performed independently on each color channel. Usual 3D color spaces, such as RGB, present a high inter-channel correlation for natural images. This correlation can be reduced using color-opponent representations, but the spatial structure of regions with small color differences is not fully captured in two generic Red-Green and Blue-Yellow channels. To overcome these problems, we propose a new color coding that is adapted to the specific content of each image. Our proposal is based on two steps: (a) setting the number of channels to the number of distinctive colors we find in each image (avoiding the problem of channel correlation), and (b) building a channel representation that maximizes contrast differences within each color channel (avoiding the problem of low local contrast). We call this approach more-than-three color coding (MTT) to enhance the fact that the number of channels is adapted to the image content. The higher color complexity an image has, the more channels can be used to represent it. Here we select distinctive colors as the most predominant in the image, which we call color pivots, and we build the new color coding using these color pivots as a basis. To evaluate the proposed approach we measure its efficiency in an image categorization task. We show how a generic descriptor improves its performance at the description level when applied on the MTT coding.  
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  Notes CIC; 600.087 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RVB2017 Serial 2892  
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Author Debora Gil; Antonio Esteban Lansaque; Agnes Borras; Carles Sanchez edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title (up) Enhancing virtual bronchoscopy with intra-operative data using a multi-objective GAN Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Abbreviated Journal IJCAR  
  Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages  
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  Abstract This manuscript has been withdrawn by bioRxiv due to upload of an incorrect version of the manuscript by the authors. Therefore, this manuscript should not be cited as reference for this project.  
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  Notes IAM; 600.139; 600.145 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GEB2019 Serial 3307  
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Author Antoni Rosell; Sonia Baeza; S. Garcia-Reina; JL. Mate; Ignasi Guasch; I. Nogueira; I. Garcia-Olive; Guillermo Torres; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil edit  url
openurl 
  Title (up) EP01.05-001 Radiomics to Increase the Effectiveness of Lung Cancer Screening Programs. Radiolung Preliminary Results Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of Thoracic Oncology Abbreviated Journal JTO  
  Volume 17 Issue 9 Pages S182  
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  Notes IAM Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RBG2022b Serial 3834  
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Author Miguel Angel Bautista; Oriol Pujol; Fernando De la Torre; Sergio Escalera edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Error-Correcting Factorization Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI  
  Volume 40 Issue Pages 2388-2401  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Error Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) is a successful technique in multi-class classification, which is a core problem in Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. A major advantage of ECOC over other methods is that the multi- class problem is decoupled into a set of binary problems that are solved independently. However, literature defines a general error-correcting capability for ECOCs without analyzing how it distributes among classes, hindering a deeper analysis of pair-wise error-correction. To address these limitations this paper proposes an Error-Correcting Factorization (ECF) method, our contribution is three fold: (I) We propose a novel representation of the error-correction capability, called the design matrix, that enables us to build an ECOC on the basis of allocating correction to pairs of classes. (II) We derive the optimal code length of an ECOC using rank properties of the design matrix. (III) ECF is formulated as a discrete optimization problem, and a relaxed solution is found using an efficient constrained block coordinate descent approach. (IV) Enabled by the flexibility introduced with the design matrix we propose to allocate the error-correction on classes that are prone to confusion. Experimental results in several databases show that when allocating the error-correction to confusable classes ECF outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0162-8828 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes HuPBA; no menciona Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BPT2018 Serial 3015  
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Author Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva edit  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Error-Correcting Output Codes Library Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Journal of Machine Learning Research Abbreviated Journal JMLR  
  Volume 11 Issue Pages 661-664  
  Keywords  
  Abstract (Feb):661−664
In this paper, we present an open source Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) library. The ECOC framework is a powerful tool to deal with multi-class categorization problems. This library contains both state-of-the-art coding (one-versus-one, one-versus-all, dense random, sparse random, DECOC, forest-ECOC, and ECOC-ONE) and decoding designs (hamming, euclidean, inverse hamming, laplacian, β-density, attenuated, loss-based, probabilistic kernel-based, and loss-weighted) with the parameters defined by the authors, as well as the option to include your own coding, decoding, and base classifier.
 
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1532-4435 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes MILAB;HUPBA Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2010c Serial 1286  
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Author O.F.Ahmad; Y.Mori; M.Misawa; S.Kudo; J.T.Anderson; Jorge Bernal edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title (up) Establishing key research questions for the implementation of artificial intelligence in colonoscopy: a modified Delphi method Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Endoscopy Abbreviated Journal END  
  Volume 53 Issue 9 Pages 893-901  
  Keywords  
  Abstract BACKGROUND : Artificial intelligence (AI) research in colonoscopy is progressing rapidly but widespread clinical implementation is not yet a reality. We aimed to identify the top implementation research priorities. METHODS : An established modified Delphi approach for research priority setting was used. Fifteen international experts, including endoscopists and translational computer scientists/engineers, from nine countries participated in an online survey over 9 months. Questions related to AI implementation in colonoscopy were generated as a long-list in the first round, and then scored in two subsequent rounds to identify the top 10 research questions. RESULTS : The top 10 ranked questions were categorized into five themes. Theme 1: clinical trial design/end points (4 questions), related to optimum trial designs for polyp detection and characterization, determining the optimal end points for evaluation of AI, and demonstrating impact on interval cancer rates. Theme 2: technological developments (3 questions), including improving detection of more challenging and advanced lesions, reduction of false-positive rates, and minimizing latency. Theme 3: clinical adoption/integration (1 question), concerning the effective combination of detection and characterization into one workflow. Theme 4: data access/annotation (1 question), concerning more efficient or automated data annotation methods to reduce the burden on human experts. Theme 5: regulatory approval (1 question), related to making regulatory approval processes more efficient. CONCLUSIONS : This is the first reported international research priority setting exercise for AI in colonoscopy. The study findings should be used as a framework to guide future research with key stakeholders to accelerate the clinical implementation of AI in endoscopy.  
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  Notes ISE Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ AMM2021 Serial 3670  
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Author Simone Balocco; O. Basset; G. Courbebaisse; E. Boni; Alejandro F. Frangi; P. Tortoli; C. Cachard edit  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Estimation Of Viscoelastic Properties Of Vessel Walls Using a Computational Model and Doppler Ultrasound Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Physics in Medicine and Biology Abbreviated Journal PMB  
  Volume 55 Issue 12 Pages 3557–3575  
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  Abstract Human arteries affected by atherosclerosis are characterized by altered wall viscoelastic properties. The possibility of noninvasively assessing arterial viscoelasticity in vivo would significantly contribute to the early diagnosis and prevention of this disease. This paper presents a noniterative technique to estimate the viscoelastic parameters of a vascular wall Zener model. The approach requires the simultaneous measurement of flow variations and wall displacements, which can be provided by suitable ultrasound Doppler instruments. Viscoelastic parameters are estimated by fitting the theoretical constitutive equations to the experimental measurements using an ARMA parameter approach. The accuracy and sensitivity of the proposed method are tested using reference data generated by numerical simulations of arterial pulsation in which the physiological conditions and the viscoelastic parameters of the model can be suitably varied. The estimated values quantitatively agree with the reference values, showing that the only parameter affected by changing the physiological conditions is viscosity, whose relative error was about 27% even when a poor signal-to-noise ratio is simulated. Finally, the feasibility of the method is illustrated through three measurements made at different flow regimes on a cylindrical vessel phantom, yielding a parameter mean estimation error of 25%.  
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  Notes MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ BBC2010 Serial 1312  
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Author Koen E.A. van de Sande; Theo Gevers; C.G.M. Snoek edit  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Evaluating Color Descriptors for Object and Scene Recognition Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI  
  Volume 32 Issue 9 Pages 1582 - 1596  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Impact factor: 5.308
Image category recognition is important to access visual information on the level of objects and scene types. So far, intensity-based descriptors have been widely used for feature extraction at salient points. To increase illumination invariance and discriminative power, color descriptors have been proposed. Because many different descriptors exist, a structured overview is required of color invariant descriptors in the context of image category recognition. Therefore, this paper studies the invariance properties and the distinctiveness of color descriptors (software to compute the color descriptors from this paper is available from http://www.colordescriptors.com) in a structured way. The analytical invariance properties of color descriptors are explored, using a taxonomy based on invariance properties with respect to photometric transformations, and tested experimentally using a data set with known illumination conditions. In addition, the distinctiveness of color descriptors is assessed experimentally using two benchmarks, one from the image domain and one from the video domain. From the theoretical and experimental results, it can be derived that invariance to light intensity changes and light color changes affects category recognition. The results further reveal that, for light intensity shifts, the usefulness of invariance is category-specific. Overall, when choosing a single descriptor and no prior knowledge about the data set and object and scene categories is available, the OpponentSIFT is recommended. Furthermore, a combined set of color descriptors outperforms intensity-based SIFT and improves category recognition by 8 percent on the PASCAL VOC 2007 and by 7 percent on the Mediamill Challenge.
 
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  ISSN 0162-8828 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes ALTRES;ISE Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SGS2010 Serial 1846  
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Author David Guillamet; Jordi Vitria edit  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Evaluation of distance metrics for recognition based on non-negative matrix factorization Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 24 Issue 9-10 Pages 1599 –1605  
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  Abstract IF: 0.809  
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  Notes OR;MV Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ GuV2003b Serial 380  
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Author Cesar Isaza; Joaquin Salas; Bogdan Raducanu edit  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Evaluation of Intrinsic Image Algorithms to Detect the Shadows Cast by Static Objects Outdoors Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Sensors Abbreviated Journal SENS  
  Volume 12 Issue 10 Pages 13333-13348  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In some automatic scene analysis applications, the presence of shadows becomes a nuisance that is necessary to deal with. As a consequence, a preliminary stage in many computer vision algorithms is to attenuate their effect. In this paper, we focus our attention on the detection of shadows cast by static objects outdoors, as the scene is viewed for extended periods of time (days, weeks) from a fixed camera and considering daylight intervals where the main source of light is the sun. In this context, we report two contributions. First, we introduce the use of synthetic images for which ground truth can be generated automatically, avoiding the tedious effort of manual annotation. Secondly, we report a novel application of the intrinsic image concept to the automatic detection of shadows cast by static objects in outdoors. We make both a quantitative and a qualitative evaluation of several algorithms based on this image representation. For the quantitative evaluation, we used the synthetic data set, while for the qualitative evaluation we used both data sets. Our experimental results show that the evaluated methods can partially solve the problem of shadow detection.  
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  Notes OR;MV Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ISR2012b Serial 2173  
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