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Author Jose Luis Gomez; Gabriel Villalonga; Antonio Lopez edit  url
openurl 
  Title (down) Co-Training for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Semantic Segmentation Models Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Sensors – Special Issue on “Machine Learning for Autonomous Driving Perception and Prediction” Abbreviated Journal SENS  
  Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 621  
  Keywords Domain adaptation; semi-supervised learning; Semantic segmentation; Autonomous driving  
  Abstract Semantic image segmentation is a central and challenging task in autonomous driving, addressed by training deep models. Since this training draws to a curse of human-based image labeling, using synthetic images with automatically generated labels together with unlabeled real-world images is a promising alternative. This implies to address an unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) problem. In this paper, we propose a new co-training procedure for synth-to-real UDA of semantic
segmentation models. It consists of a self-training stage, which provides two domain-adapted models, and a model collaboration loop for the mutual improvement of these two models. These models are then used to provide the final semantic segmentation labels (pseudo-labels) for the real-world images. The overall
procedure treats the deep models as black boxes and drives their collaboration at the level of pseudo-labeled target images, i.e., neither modifying loss functions is required, nor explicit feature alignment. We test our proposal on standard synthetic and real-world datasets for on-board semantic segmentation. Our
procedure shows improvements ranging from ∼13 to ∼26 mIoU points over baselines, so establishing new state-of-the-art results.
 
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  Notes ADAS; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GVL2023 Serial 3705  
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Author Kunal Biswas; Palaiahnakote Shivakumara; Umapada Pal; Tong Lu; Michel Blumenstein; Josep Llados edit  url
openurl 
  Title (down) Classification of aesthetic natural scene images using statistical and semantic features Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Multimedia Tools and Applications Abbreviated Journal MTAP  
  Volume 82 Issue 9 Pages 13507-13532  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Aesthetic image analysis is essential for improving the performance of multimedia image retrieval systems, especially from a repository of social media and multimedia content stored on mobile devices. This paper presents a novel method for classifying aesthetic natural scene images by studying the naturalness of image content using statistical features, and reading text in the images using semantic features. Unlike existing methods that focus only on image quality with human information, the proposed approach focuses on image features as well as text-based semantic features without human intervention to reduce the gap between subjectivity and objectivity in the classification. The aesthetic classes considered in this work are (i) Very Pleasant, (ii) Pleasant, (iii) Normal and (iv) Unpleasant. The naturalness is represented by features of focus, defocus, perceived brightness, perceived contrast, blurriness and noisiness, while semantics are represented by text recognition, description of the images and labels of images, profile pictures, and banner images. Furthermore, a deep learning model is proposed in a novel way to fuse statistical and semantic features for the classification of aesthetic natural scene images. Experiments on our own dataset and the standard datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves 92.74%, 88.67% and 83.22% average classification rates on our own dataset, AVA dataset and CUHKPQ dataset, respectively. Furthermore, a comparative study of the proposed model with the existing methods shows that the proposed method is effective for the classification of aesthetic social media images.  
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  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BSP2023 Serial 3873  
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Author Chengyi Zou; Shuai Wan; Tiannan Ji; Marc Gorriz Blanch; Marta Mrak; Luis Herranz edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title (down) Chroma Intra Prediction with Lightweight Attention-Based Neural Networks Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology Abbreviated Journal TCSVT  
  Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 549 - 560  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Neural networks can be successfully used for cross-component prediction in video coding. In particular, attention-based architectures are suitable for chroma intra prediction using luma information because of their capability to model relations between difierent channels. However, the complexity of such methods is still very high and should be further reduced, especially for decoding. In this paper, a cost-effective attention-based neural network is designed for chroma intra prediction. Moreover, with the goal of further improving coding performance, a novel approach is introduced to utilize more boundary information effectively. In addition to improving prediction, a simplification methodology is also proposed to reduce inference complexity by simplifying convolutions. The proposed schemes are integrated into H.266/Versatile Video Coding (VVC) pipeline, and only one additional binary block-level syntax flag is introduced to indicate whether a given block makes use of the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves up to −0.46%/−2.29%/−2.17% BD-rate reduction on Y/Cb/Cr components, respectively, compared with H.266/VVC anchor. Reductions in the encoding and decoding complexity of up to 22% and 61%, respectively, are achieved by the proposed scheme with respect to the previous attention-based chroma intra prediction method while maintaining coding performance.  
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  Notes MACO; LAMP Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ZWJ2023 Serial 3875  
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Author Albert Tatjer; Bhalaji Nagarajan; Ricardo Marques; Petia Radeva edit  url
openurl 
  Title (down) CCLM: Class-Conditional Label Noise Modelling Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication 11th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14062 Issue Pages 3-14  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The performance of deep neural networks highly depends on the quality and volume of the training data. However, cost-effective labelling processes such as crowdsourcing and web crawling often lead to data with noisy (i.e., wrong) labels. Making models robust to this label noise is thus of prime importance. A common approach is using loss distributions to model the label noise. However, the robustness of these methods highly depends on the accuracy of the division of training set into clean and noisy samples. In this work, we dive in this research direction highlighting the existing problem of treating this distribution globally and propose a class-conditional approach to split the clean and noisy samples. We apply our approach to the popular DivideMix algorithm and show how the local treatment fares better with respect to the global treatment of loss distribution. We validate our hypothesis on two popular benchmark datasets and show substantial improvements over the baseline experiments. We further analyze the effectiveness of the proposal using two different metrics – Noise Division Accuracy and Classiness.  
  Address Alicante; Spain; June 2023  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference IbPRIA  
  Notes MILAB Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TNM2023 Serial 3925  
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Author Shiqi Yang; Yaxing Wang; Luis Herranz; Shangling Jui; Joost Van de Weijer edit  url
openurl 
  Title (down) Casting a BAIT for offline and online source-free domain adaptation Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Computer Vision and Image Understanding Abbreviated Journal CVIU  
  Volume 234 Issue Pages 103747  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We address the source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) problem, where only the source model is available during adaptation to the target domain. We consider two settings: the offline setting where all target data can be visited multiple times (epochs) to arrive at a prediction for each target sample, and the online setting where the target data needs to be directly classified upon arrival. Inspired by diverse classifier based domain adaptation methods, in this paper we introduce a second classifier, but with another classifier head fixed. When adapting to the target domain, the additional classifier initialized from source classifier is expected to find misclassified features. Next, when updating the feature extractor, those features will be pushed towards the right side of the source decision boundary, thus achieving source-free domain adaptation. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves competitive results for offline SFDA on several benchmark datasets compared with existing DA and SFDA methods, and our method surpasses by a large margin other SFDA methods under online source-free domain adaptation setting.  
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  Notes LAMP; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ YWH2023 Serial 3874  
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Author Maciej Wielgosz; Antonio Lopez; Muhamad Naveed Riaz edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title (down) CARLA-BSP: a simulated dataset with pedestrians Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2023 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We present a sample dataset featuring pedestrians generated using the ARCANE framework, a new framework for generating datasets in CARLA (0.9.13). We provide use cases for pedestrian detection, autoencoding, pose estimation, and pose lifting. We also showcase baseline results.  
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  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ WLN2023 Serial 3866  
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Author Adarsh Tiwari; Sanket Biswas; Josep Llados edit  url
openurl 
  Title (down) Can Pre-trained Language Models Help in Understanding Handwritten Symbols? Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication 17th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14193 Issue Pages 199–211  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The emergence of transformer models like BERT, GPT-2, GPT-3, RoBERTa, T5 for natural language understanding tasks has opened the floodgates towards solving a wide array of machine learning tasks in other modalities like images, audio, music, sketches and so on. These language models are domain-agnostic and as a result could be applied to 1-D sequences of any kind. However, the key challenge lies in bridging the modality gap so that they could generate strong features beneficial for out-of-domain tasks. This work focuses on leveraging the power of such pre-trained language models and discusses the challenges in predicting challenging handwritten symbols and alphabets.  
  Address San Jose; CA; USA; August 2023  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICDAR  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TBL2023 Serial 3908  
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Author Danna Xue; Luis Herranz; Javier Vazquez; Yanning Zhang edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title (down) Burst Perception-Distortion Tradeoff: Analysis and Evaluation Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Abstract Burst image restoration attempts to effectively utilize the complementary cues appearing in sequential images to produce a high-quality image. Most current methods use all the available images to obtain the reconstructed image. However, using more images for burst restoration is not always the best option regarding reconstruction quality and efficiency, as the images acquired by handheld imaging devices suffer from degradation and misalignment caused by the camera noise and shake. In this paper, we extend the perception-distortion tradeoff theory by introducing multiple-frame information. We propose the area of the unattainable region as a new metric for perception-distortion tradeoff evaluation and comparison. Based on this metric, we analyse the performance of burst restoration from the perspective of the perception-distortion tradeoff under both aligned bursts and misaligned bursts situations. Our analysis reveals the importance of inter-frame alignment for burst restoration and shows that the optimal burst length for the restoration model depends both on the degree of degradation and misalignment.  
  Address Rodhes Islands; Greece; June 2023  
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  Area Expedition Conference ICASSP  
  Notes CIC; MACO Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ XHV2023 Serial 3909  
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Author Juan Borrego-Carazo; Carles Sanchez; David Castells; Jordi Carrabina; Debora Gil edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title (down) BronchoPose: an analysis of data and model configuration for vision-based bronchoscopy pose estimation Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine Abbreviated Journal CMPB  
  Volume 228 Issue Pages 107241  
  Keywords Videobronchoscopy guiding; Deep learning; Architecture optimization; Datasets; Standardized evaluation framework; Pose estimation  
  Abstract Vision-based bronchoscopy (VB) models require the registration of the virtual lung model with the frames from the video bronchoscopy to provide effective guidance during the biopsy. The registration can be achieved by either tracking the position and orientation of the bronchoscopy camera or by calibrating its deviation from the pose (position and orientation) simulated in the virtual lung model. Recent advances in neural networks and temporal image processing have provided new opportunities for guided bronchoscopy. However, such progress has been hindered by the lack of comparative experimental conditions.
In the present paper, we share a novel synthetic dataset allowing for a fair comparison of methods. Moreover, this paper investigates several neural network architectures for the learning of temporal information at different levels of subject personalization. In order to improve orientation measurement, we also present a standardized comparison framework and a novel metric for camera orientation learning. Results on the dataset show that the proposed metric and architectures, as well as the standardized conditions, provide notable improvements to current state-of-the-art camera pose estimation in video bronchoscopy.
 
  Address  
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  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes IAM; Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BSC2023 Serial 3702  
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Author Patricia Suarez; Dario Carpio; Angel Sappa edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title (down) Boosting Guided Super-Resolution Performance with Synthesized Images Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication 17th International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 189-195  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Guided image processing techniques are widely used for extracting information from a guiding image to aid in the processing of the guided one. These images may be sourced from different modalities, such as 2D and 3D, or different spectral bands, like visible and infrared. In the case of guided cross-spectral super-resolution, features from the two modal images are extracted and efficiently merged to migrate guidance information from one image, usually high-resolution (HR), toward the guided one, usually low-resolution (LR). Different approaches have been recently proposed focusing on the development of architectures for feature extraction and merging in the cross-spectral domains, but none of them care about the different nature of the given images. This paper focuses on the specific problem of guided thermal image super-resolution, where an LR thermal image is enhanced by an HR visible spectrum image. To improve existing guided super-resolution techniques, a novel scheme is proposed that maps the original guiding information to a thermal image-like representation that is similar to the output. Experimental results evaluating five different approaches demonstrate that the best results are achieved when the guiding and guided images share the same domain.  
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  Area Expedition Conference SITIS  
  Notes MSIAU Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SCS2023c Serial 4011  
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Author Hugo Bertiche; Niloy J Mitra; Kuldeep Kulkarni; Chun Hao Paul Huang; Tuanfeng Y Wang; Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera; Duygu Ceylan edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title (down) Blowing in the Wind: CycleNet for Human Cinemagraphs from Still Images Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication 36th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 459-468  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Cinemagraphs are short looping videos created by adding subtle motions to a static image. This kind of media is popular and engaging. However, automatic generation of cinemagraphs is an underexplored area and current solutions require tedious low-level manual authoring by artists. In this paper, we present an automatic method that allows generating human cinemagraphs from single RGB images. We investigate the problem in the context of dressed humans under the wind. At the core of our method is a novel cyclic neural network that produces looping cinemagraphs for the target loop duration. To circumvent the problem of collecting real data, we demonstrate that it is possible, by working in the image normal space, to learn garment motion dynamics on synthetic data and generalize to real data. We evaluate our method on both synthetic and real data and demonstrate that it is possible to create compelling and plausible cinemagraphs from single RGB images.  
  Address Vancouver; Canada; June 2023  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPR  
  Notes HUPBA Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BMK2023 Serial 3921  
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Author Sonia Baeza; Debora Gil; Carles Sanchez; Guillermo Torres; Ignasi Garcia Olive; Ignasi Guasch; Samuel Garcia Reina; Felipe Andreo; Jose Luis Mate; Jose Luis Vercher; Antonio Rosell edit  openurl
  Title (down) Biopsia virtual radiomica para el diagnóstico histológico de nódulos pulmonares – Resultados intermedios del proyecto Radiolung Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication SEPAR Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Pòster  
  Address Granada; Spain; June 2023  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference SEPAR  
  Notes IAM Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BGS2023 Serial 3951  
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Author Galadrielle Humblot-Renaux; Sergio Escalera; Thomas B. Moeslund edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title (down) Beyond AUROC & co. for evaluating out-of-distribution detection performance Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 3880-3889  
  Keywords  
  Abstract While there has been a growing research interest in developing out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods, there has been comparably little discussion around how these methods should be evaluated. Given their relevance for safe(r) AI, it is important to examine whether the basis for comparing OOD detection methods is consistent with practical needs. In this work, we take a closer look at the go-to metrics for evaluating OOD detection, and question the approach of exclusively reducing OOD detection to a binary classification task with little consideration for the detection threshold. We illustrate the limitations of current metrics (AUROC & its friends) and propose a new metric – Area Under the Threshold Curve (AUTC), which explicitly penalizes poor separation between ID and OOD samples. Scripts and data are available at https://github.com/glhr/beyond-auroc  
  Address Vancouver; Canada; June 2023  
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  Area Expedition Conference CVPRW  
  Notes HUPBA Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ HEM2023 Serial 3918  
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Author Jun Wan; Guodong Guo; Sergio Escalera; Hugo Jair Escalante; Stan Z Li edit  url
openurl 
  Title (down) Best Solutions Proposed in the Context of the Face Anti-spoofing Challenge Series Type Book Chapter
  Year 2023 Publication Advances in Face Presentation Attack Detection Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 37–78  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The PAD competitions we organized attracted more than 835 teams from home and abroad, most of them from the industry, which shows that the topic of face anti-spoofing is closely related to daily life, and there is an urgent need for advanced algorithms to solve its application needs. Specifically, the Chalearn LAP multi-modal face anti-spoofing attack detection challenge attracted more than 300 teams for the development phase with a total of 13 teams qualifying for the final round; the Chalearn Face Anti-spoofing Attack Detection Challenge attracted 340 teams in the development stage, and finally, 11 and 8 teams have submitted their codes in the single-modal and multi-modal face anti-spoofing recognition challenges, respectively; the 3D High-Fidelity Mask Face Presentation Attack Detection Challenge attracted 195 teams for the development phase with a total of 18 teams qualifying for the final round. All the results were verified and re-run by the organizing team, and the results were used for the final ranking. In this chapter, we briefly the methods developed by the teams participating in each competition, and introduce the algorithm details of the top-three ranked teams in detail.  
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  Notes HUPBA Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ WGE2023d Serial 3958  
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Author German Barquero; Sergio Escalera; Cristina Palmero edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title (down) BeLFusion: Latent Diffusion for Behavior-Driven Human Motion Prediction Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 2317-2327  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Stochastic human motion prediction (HMP) has generally been tackled with generative adversarial networks and variational autoencoders. Most prior works aim at predicting highly diverse movements in terms of the skeleton joints’ dispersion. This has led to methods predicting fast and motion-divergent movements, which are often unrealistic and incoherent with past motion. Such methods also neglect contexts that need to anticipate diverse low-range behaviors, or actions, with subtle joint displacements. To address these issues, we present BeLFusion, a model that, for the first time, leverages latent diffusion models in HMP to sample from a latent space where behavior is disentangled from pose and motion. As a result, diversity is encouraged from a behavioral perspective. Thanks to our behavior
coupler’s ability to transfer sampled behavior to ongoing motion, BeLFusion’s predictions display a variety of behaviors that are significantly more realistic than the state of the art. To support it, we introduce two metrics, the Area of
the Cumulative Motion Distribution, and the Average Pairwise Distance Error, which are correlated to our definition of realism according to a qualitative study with 126 participants. Finally, we prove BeLFusion’s generalization power in a new cross-dataset scenario for stochastic HMP.
 
  Address 2-6 October 2023. Paris (France)  
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  Area Expedition Conference ICCV  
  Notes HUPBA; no menciona Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BEP2023 Serial 3829  
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