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Author |
Mario Rojas; David Masip; A. Todorov; Jordi Vitria |
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Title |
Automatic Point-based Facial Trait Judgments Evaluation |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
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23rd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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2715–2720 |
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Humans constantly evaluate the personalities of other people using their faces. Facial trait judgments have been studied in the psychological field, and have been determined to influence important social outcomes of our lives, such as elections outcomes and social relationships. Recent work on textual descriptions of faces has shown that trait judgments are highly correlated. Further, behavioral studies suggest that two orthogonal dimensions, valence and dominance, can describe the basis of the human judgments from faces. In this paper, we used a corpus of behavioral data of judgments on different trait dimensions to automatically learn a trait predictor from facial pixel images. We study whether trait evaluations performed by humans can be learned using machine learning classifiers, and used later in automatic evaluations of new facial images. The experiments performed using local point-based descriptors show promising results in the evaluation of the main traits. |
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San Francisco CA, USA |
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1063-6919 |
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978-1-4244-6984-0 |
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CVPR |
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OR;MV |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ RMT2010 |
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1282 |
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Author |
Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva; Jordi Vitria; Maria Teresa Anguera |
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Title |
Automatic Detection of Dominance and Expected Interest |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
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EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing |
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EURASIPJ |
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12 |
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Article ID 491819
Social Signal Processing is an emergent area of research that focuses on the analysis of social constructs. Dominance and interest are two of these social constructs. Dominance refers to the level of influence a person has in a conversation. Interest, when referred in terms of group interactions, can be defined as the degree of engagement that the members of a group collectively display during their interaction. In this paper, we argue that only using behavioral motion information, we are able to predict the interest of observers when looking at face-to-face interactions as well as the dominant people. First, we propose a simple set of movement-based features from body, face, and mouth activity in order to define a higher set of interaction indicators. The considered indicators are manually annotated by observers. Based on the opinions obtained, we define an automatic binary dominance detection problem and a multiclass interest quantification problem. Error-Correcting Output Codes framework is used to learn to rank the perceived observer's interest in face-to-face interactions meanwhile Adaboost is used to solve the dominant detection problem. The automatic system shows good correlation between the automatic categorization results and the manual ranking made by the observers in both dominance and interest detection problems. |
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1110-8657 |
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OR;MILAB;HUPBA;MV |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2010d |
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1283 |
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Author |
Santiago Segui; Laura Igual; Jordi Vitria |
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Title |
Weighted Bagging for Graph based One-Class Classifiers |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
9th International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems |
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5997 |
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1-10 |
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Most conventional learning algorithms require both positive and negative training data for achieving accurate classification results. However, the problem of learning classifiers from only positive data arises in many applications where negative data are too costly, difficult to obtain, or not available at all. Minimum Spanning Tree Class Descriptor (MSTCD) was presented as a method that achieves better accuracies than other one-class classifiers in high dimensional data. However, the presence of outliers in the target class severely harms the performance of this classifier. In this paper we propose two bagging strategies for MSTCD that reduce the influence of outliers in training data. We show the improved performance on both real and artificially contaminated data. |
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Cairo, Egypt |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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0302-9743 |
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978-3-642-12126-5 |
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MCS |
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MILAB;OR;MV |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ SIV2010 |
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1284 |
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Author |
O. Fors; J. Nuñez; Xavier Otazu; A. Prades; Robert D. Cardinal |
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Title |
Improving the Ability of Image Sensors to Detect Faint Stars and Moving Objects Using Image Deconvolution Techniques |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Sensors |
Abbreviated Journal |
SENS |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1743–1752 |
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Keywords |
image processing; image deconvolution; faint stars; space debris; wavelet transform |
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Abstract: In this paper we show how the techniques of image deconvolution can increase the ability of image sensors as, for example, CCD imagers, to detect faint stars or faint orbital objects (small satellites and space debris). In the case of faint stars, we show that this benefit is equivalent to double the quantum efficiency of the used image sensor or to increase the effective telescope aperture by more than 30% without decreasing the astrometric precision or introducing artificial bias. In the case of orbital objects, the deconvolution technique can double the signal-to-noise ratio of the image, which helps to discover and control dangerous objects as space debris or lost satellites. The benefits obtained using CCD detectors can be extrapolated to any kind of image sensors. |
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CIC |
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no |
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CAT @ cat @ FNO2010 |
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1285 |
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Author |
Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Error-Correcting Output Codes Library |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Machine Learning Research |
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JMLR |
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Volume |
11 |
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Pages |
661-664 |
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Abstract |
(Feb):661−664
In this paper, we present an open source Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) library. The ECOC framework is a powerful tool to deal with multi-class categorization problems. This library contains both state-of-the-art coding (one-versus-one, one-versus-all, dense random, sparse random, DECOC, forest-ECOC, and ECOC-ONE) and decoding designs (hamming, euclidean, inverse hamming, laplacian, β-density, attenuated, loss-based, probabilistic kernel-based, and loss-weighted) with the parameters defined by the authors, as well as the option to include your own coding, decoding, and base classifier. |
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1532-4435 |
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MILAB;HUPBA |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2010c |
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1286 |
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Author |
David Rotger; Petia Radeva; N. Bruining |
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Title |
Automatic Detection of Bioabsorbable Coronary Stents in IVUS Images using a Cascade of Classifiers |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine |
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TITB |
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14 |
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2 |
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535 – 537 |
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Bioabsorbable drug-eluting coronary stents present a very promising improvement to the common metallic ones solving some of the most important problems of stent implantation: the late restenosis. These stents made of poly-L-lactic acid cause a very subtle acoustic shadow (compared to the metallic ones) making difficult the automatic detection and measurements in images. In this paper, we propose a novel approach based on a cascade of GentleBoost classifiers to detect the stent struts using structural features to code the information of the different subregions of the struts. A stochastic gradient descent method is applied to optimize the overall performance of the detector. Validation results of struts detection are very encouraging with an average F-measure of 81%. |
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MILAB |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ RRB2010 |
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1287 |
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Author |
Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Gemma Sanchez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Rotation Invariant Hand-Drawn Symbol Recognition based on a Dynamic Time Warping Model |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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IJDAR |
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13 |
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3 |
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229–241 |
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One of the major difficulties of handwriting symbol recognition is the high variability among symbols because of the different writer styles. In this paper, we introduce a robust approach for describing and recognizing hand-drawn symbols tolerant to these writer style differences. This method, which is invariant to scale and rotation, is based on the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm. The symbols are described by vector sequences, a variation of the DTW distance is used for computing the matching distance, and K-Nearest Neighbor is used to classify them. Our approach has been evaluated in two benchmarking scenarios consisting of hand-drawn symbols. Compared with state-of-the-art methods for symbol recognition, our method shows higher tolerance to the irregular deformations induced by hand-drawn strokes. |
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Springer-Verlag |
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1433-2833 |
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DAG; IF 2009: 1,213 |
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no |
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DAG @ dag @ FLS2010a |
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1288 |
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Author |
Mathieu Nicolas Delalandre; Ernest Valveny; Tony Pridmore; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Generation of Synthetic Documents for Performance Evaluation of Symbol Recognition & Spotting Systems |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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IJDAR |
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13 |
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3 |
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187-207 |
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This paper deals with the topic of performance evaluation of symbol recognition & spotting systems. We propose here a new approach to the generation of synthetic graphics documents containing non-isolated symbols in a real context. This approach is based on the definition of a set of constraints that permit us to place the symbols on a pre-defined background according to the properties of a particular domain (architecture, electronics, engineering, etc.). In this way, we can obtain a large amount of images resembling real documents by simply defining the set of constraints and providing a few pre-defined backgrounds. As documents are synthetically generated, the groundtruth (the location and the label of every symbol) becomes automatically available. We have applied this approach to the generation of a large database of architectural drawings and electronic diagrams, which shows the flexibility of the system. Performance evaluation experiments of a symbol localization system show that our approach permits to generate documents with different features that are reflected in variation of localization results. |
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Springer-Verlag |
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1433-2833 |
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DAG |
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no |
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DAG @ dag @ DVP2010 |
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1289 |
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Author |
Jose Antonio Rodriguez; Florent Perronnin; Gemma Sanchez; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Unsupervised writer adaptation of whole-word HMMs with application to word-spotting |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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31 |
Issue |
8 |
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742–749 |
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Word-spotting; Handwriting recognition; Writer adaptation; Hidden Markov model; Document analysis |
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In this paper we propose a novel approach for writer adaptation in a handwritten word-spotting task. The method exploits the fact that the semi-continuous hidden Markov model separates the word model parameters into (i) a codebook of shapes and (ii) a set of word-specific parameters.
Our main contribution is to employ this property to derive writer-specific word models by statistically adapting an initial universal codebook to each document. This process is unsupervised and does not even require the appearance of the keyword(s) in the searched document. Experimental results show an increase in performance when this adaptation technique is applied. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work dealing with adaptation for word-spotting. The preliminary version of this paper obtained an IBM Best Student Paper Award at the 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition. |
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Elsevier |
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DAG |
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DAG @ dag @ RPS2010 |
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1290 |
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Author |
Partha Pratim Roy; Umapada Pal; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Seal Object Detection in Document Images using GHT of Local Component Shapes |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
10th ACM Symposium On Applied Computing |
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23–27 |
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Due to noise, overlapped text/signature and multi-oriented nature, seal (stamp) object detection involves a difficult challenge. This paper deals with automatic detection of seal from documents with cluttered background. Here, a seal object is characterized by scale and rotation invariant spatial feature descriptors (distance and angular position) computed from recognition result of individual connected components (characters). Recognition of multi-scale and multi-oriented component is done using Support Vector Machine classifier. Generalized Hough Transform (GHT) is used to detect the seal and a voting is casted for finding possible location of the seal object in a document based on these spatial feature descriptor of components pairs. The peak of votes in GHT accumulator validates the hypothesis to locate the seal object in a document. Experimental results show that, the method is efficient to locate seal instance of arbitrary shape and orientation in documents. |
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Sierre, Switzerland |
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SAC |
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DAG |
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DAG @ dag @ RPL2010a |
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1291 |
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Author |
Marçal Rusiñol; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Symbol Spotting in Digital Libraries:Focused Retrieval over Graphic-rich Document Collections |
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Book Whole |
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2010 |
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Symbol Spotting in Digital Libraries:Focused Retrieval over Graphic-rich Document Collections |
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Focused Retrieval , Graphical Pattern Indexation,Graphics Recognition ,Pattern Recognition , Performance Evaluation , Symbol Description ,Symbol Spotting |
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The specific problem of symbol recognition in graphical documents requires additional techniques to those developed for character recognition. The most well-known obstacle is the so-called Sayre paradox: Correct recognition requires good segmentation, yet improvement in segmentation is achieved using information provided by the recognition process. This dilemma can be avoided by techniques that identify sets of regions containing useful information. Such symbol-spotting methods allow the detection of symbols in maps or technical drawings without having to fully segment or fully recognize the entire content.
This unique text/reference provides a complete, integrated and large-scale solution to the challenge of designing a robust symbol-spotting method for collections of graphic-rich documents. The book examines a number of features and descriptors, from basic photometric descriptors commonly used in computer vision techniques to those specific to graphical shapes, presenting a methodology which can be used in a wide variety of applications. Additionally, readers are supplied with an insight into the problem of performance evaluation of spotting methods. Some very basic knowledge of pattern recognition, document image analysis and graphics recognition is assumed. |
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Springer |
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978-1-84996-208-7 |
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DAG |
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DAG @ dag @ RuL2010a |
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1292 |
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Author |
Muhammad Muzzamil Luqman; Thierry Brouard; Jean-Yves Ramel; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Vers une approche foue of encapsulation de graphes: application a la reconnaissance de symboles |
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Conference Article |
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2010 |
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Colloque International Francophone sur l'Écrit et le Document |
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169-184 |
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Fuzzy interval; Graph embedding; Bayesian network; Symbol recognition |
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We present a new methodology for symbol recognition, by employing a structural approach for representing visual associations in symbols and a statistical classifier for recognition. A graphic symbol is vectorized, its topological and geometrical details are encoded by an attributed relational graph and a signature is computed for it. Data adapted fuzzy intervals have been introduced for addressing the sensitivity of structural representations to noise. The joint probability distribution of signatures is encoded by a Bayesian network, which serves as a mechanism for pruning irrelevant features and choosing a subset of interesting features from structural signatures of underlying symbol set, and is deployed in a supervised learning scenario for recognizing query symbols. Experimental results on pre-segmented 2D linear architectural and electronic symbols from GREC databases are presented. |
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Sousse, Tunisia |
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CIFED |
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DAG |
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DAG @ dag @ LBR2010a |
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1293 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Miquel Ferrer; Ernest Valveny; F. Serratosa; K. Riesen; Horst Bunke |
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Title |
Generalized Median Graph Computation by Means of Graph Embedding in Vector Spaces |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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43 |
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4 |
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1642–1655 |
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Graph matching; Weighted mean of graphs; Median graph; Graph embedding; Vector spaces |
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The median graph has been presented as a useful tool to represent a set of graphs. Nevertheless its computation is very complex and the existing algorithms are restricted to use limited amount of data. In this paper we propose a new approach for the computation of the median graph based on graph embedding. Graphs are embedded into a vector space and the median is computed in the vector domain. We have designed a procedure based on the weighted mean of a pair of graphs to go from the vector domain back to the graph domain in order to obtain a final approximation of the median graph. Experiments on three different databases containing large graphs show that we succeed to compute good approximations of the median graph. We have also applied the median graph to perform some basic classification tasks achieving reasonable good results. These experiments on real data open the door to the application of the median graph to a number of more complex machine learning algorithms where a representative of a set of graphs is needed. |
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Elsevier |
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DAG |
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DAG @ dag @ FVS2010 |
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1294 |
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Author |
Jaume Amores |
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Vocabulary-based Approaches for Multiple-Instance Data: a Comparative Study |
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2010 |
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20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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4246–4250 |
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Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has become a hot topic and many different algorithms have been proposed in the last years. Despite this fact, there is a lack of comparative studies that shed light into the characteristics of the different methods and their behavior in different scenarios. In this paper we provide such an analysis. We include methods from different families, and pay special attention to vocabulary-based approaches, a new family of methods that has not received much attention in the MIL literature. The empirical comparison includes seven databases from four heterogeneous domains, implementations of eight popular MIL methods, and a study of the behavior under synthetic conditions. Based on this analysis, we show that, with an appropriate implementation, vocabulary-based approaches outperform other MIL methods in most of the cases, showing in general a more consistent performance. |
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Istanbul, Turkey |
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1051-4651 |
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978-1-4244-7542-1 |
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ICPR |
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ADAS @ adas @ Amo2010 |
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1295 |
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Author |
Josep M. Gonfaus; Xavier Boix; Joost Van de Weijer; Andrew Bagdanov; Joan Serrat; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Harmony Potentials for Joint Classification and Segmentation |
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2010 |
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23rd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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3280–3287 |
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Hierarchical conditional random fields have been successfully applied to object segmentation. One reason is their ability to incorporate contextual information at different scales. However, these models do not allow multiple labels to be assigned to a single node. At higher scales in the image, this yields an oversimplified model, since multiple classes can be reasonable expected to appear within one region. This simplified model especially limits the impact that observations at larger scales may have on the CRF model. Neglecting the information at larger scales is undesirable since class-label estimates based on these scales are more reliable than at smaller, noisier scales. To address this problem, we propose a new potential, called harmony potential, which can encode any possible combination of class labels. We propose an effective sampling strategy that renders tractable the underlying optimization problem. Results show that our approach obtains state-of-the-art results on two challenging datasets: Pascal VOC 2009 and MSRC-21. |
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San Francisco CA, USA |
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1063-6919 |
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978-1-4244-6984-0 |
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CVPR |
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ADAS;CIC;ISE |
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ADAS @ adas @ GBW2010 |
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1296 |
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