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Author |
David Fernandez; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes; R.Manmatha |
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Title |
On Influence of Line Segmentation in Efficient Word Segmentation in Old Manuscripts |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
13th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition |
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Pages |
763-768 |
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Keywords |
document image processing;handwritten character recognition;history;image segmentation;Spanish document;historical document;line segmentation;old handwritten document;old manuscript;word segmentation;Bifurcation;Dynamic programming;Handwriting recognition;Image segmentation;Measurement;Noise;Skeleton;Segmentation;document analysis;document and text processing;handwriting analysis;heuristics;path-finding |
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Abstract |
he objective of this work is to show the importance of a good line segmentation to obtain better results in the segmentation of words of historical documents. We have used the approach developed by Manmatha and Rothfeder [1] to segment words in old handwritten documents. In their work the lines of the documents are extracted using projections. In this work, we have developed an approach to segment lines more efficiently. The new line segmentation algorithm tackles with skewed, touching and noisy lines, so it is significantly improves word segmentation. Experiments using Spanish documents from the Marriages Database of the Barcelona Cathedral show that this approach reduces the error rate by more than 20% |
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978-1-4673-2262-1 |
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ICFHR |
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DAG |
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Admin @ si @ FLF2012 |
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2200 |
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Author |
Angel Sappa; Jordi Vitria |
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Title |
Multimodal Interaction in Image and Video Applications |
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Book Whole |
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2013 |
Publication |
Multimodal Interaction in Image and Video Applications |
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48 |
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Book Series Intelligent Systems Reference Library |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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1868-4394 |
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978-3-642-35931-6 |
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ADAS; OR;MV |
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Admin @ si @ SaV2013 |
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2199 |
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Author |
Joan M. Nuñez; Jorge Bernal; F. Javier Sanchez; Fernando Vilariño |
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Title |
Blood Vessel Characterization in Colonoscopy Images to Improve Polyp Localization |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications |
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Volume |
1 |
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162-171 |
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Colonoscopy; Blood vessel; Linear features; Valley detection |
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This paper presents an approach to mitigate the contribution of blood vessels to the energy image used at different tasks of automatic colonoscopy image analysis. This goal is achieved by introducing a characterization of endoluminal scene objects which allows us to differentiate between the trace of 2-dimensional visual objects,such as vessels, and shades from 3-dimensional visual objects, such as folds. The proposed characterization is based on the influence that the object shape has in the resulting visual feature, and it leads to the development of a blood vessel attenuation algorithm. A database consisting of manually labelled masks was built in order to test the performance of our method, which shows an encouraging success in blood vessel mitigation while keeping other structures intact. Moreover, by extending our method to the only available polyp localization
algorithm tested on a public database, blood vessel mitigation proved to have a positive influence on the overall performance. |
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Barcelona; February 2013 |
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SciTePress |
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800 |
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VISIGRAPP |
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MV; 600.054; 600.057;SIAI |
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IAM @ iam @ NBS2013 |
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2198 |
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Author |
David Roche; Debora Gil; Jesus Giraldo |
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Title |
Mathematical modeling of G protein-coupled receptor function: What can we learn from empirical and mechanistic models? |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
G Protein-Coupled Receptors – Modeling and Simulation Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology |
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Volume |
796 |
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3 |
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159-181 |
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Keywords |
β-arrestin; biased agonism; curve fitting; empirical modeling; evolutionary algorithm; functional selectivity; G protein; GPCR; Hill coefficient; intrinsic efficacy; inverse agonism; mathematical modeling; mechanistic modeling; operational model; parameter optimization; receptor dimer; receptor oligomerization; receptor constitutive activity; signal transduction; two-state model |
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Abstract |
Empirical and mechanistic models differ in their approaches to the analysis of pharmacological effect. Whereas the parameters of the former are not physical constants those of the latter embody the nature, often complex, of biology. Empirical models are exclusively used for curve fitting, merely to characterize the shape of the E/[A] curves. Mechanistic models, on the contrary, enable the examination of mechanistic hypotheses by parameter simulation. Regretfully, the many parameters that mechanistic models may include can represent a great difficulty for curve fitting, representing, thus, a challenge for computational method development. In the present study some empirical and mechanistic models are shown and the connections, which may appear in a number of cases between them, are analyzed from the curves they yield. It may be concluded that systematic and careful curve shape analysis can be extremely useful for the understanding of receptor function, ligand classification and drug discovery, thus providing a common language for the communication between pharmacologists and medicinal chemists. |
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Springer Netherlands |
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0065-2598 |
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978-94-007-7422-3 |
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IAM; 600.075 |
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IAM @ iam @ RGG2014 |
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2197 |
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Author |
Joan M. Nuñez; Debora Gil; Fernando Vilariño |
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Title |
Finger joint characterization from X-ray images for rheymatoid arthritis assessment |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
6th International Conference on Biomedical Electronics and Devices |
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288-292 |
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Keywords |
Rheumatoid Arthritis; X-Ray; Hand Joint; Sclerosis; Sharp Van der Heijde |
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Abstract |
In this study we propose amodular systemfor automatic rheumatoid arthritis assessment which provides a joint space width measure. A hand joint model is proposed based on the accurate analysis of a X-ray finger joint image sample set. This model shows that the sclerosis and the lower bone are the main necessary features in order to perform a proper finger joint characterization. We propose sclerosis and lower bone detection methods as well as the experimental setup necessary for its performance assessment. Our characterization is used to propose and compute a joint space width score which is shown to be related to the different degrees of arthritis. This assertion is verified by comparing our proposed score with Sharp Van der Heijde score, confirming that the lower our score is the more advanced is the patient affection. |
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Barcelona; February 2013 |
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SciTePress |
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800 |
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BIODEVICES |
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Notes |
IAM;MV; 600.057; 600.054;SIAI |
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no |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ NGV2013 |
Serial |
2196 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
David Roche; Debora Gil; Jesus Giraldo |
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Title |
Mechanistic analysis of the function of agonists and allosteric modulators: Reconciling two-state and operational models |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
British Journal of Pharmacology |
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BJP |
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169 |
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6 |
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1189-202 |
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Two-state and operational models of both agonism and allosterism are compared to identify and characterize common pharmacological parameters. To account for the receptor-dependent basal response, constitutive receptor activity is considered in the operational models. By arranging two-state models as the fraction of active receptors and operational models as the fractional response relative to the maximum effect of the system, a one-by-one correspondence between parameters is found. The comparative analysis allows a better understanding of complex allosteric interactions. In particular, the inclusion of constitutive receptor activity in the operational model of allosterism allows the characterization of modulators able to lower the basal response of the system; that is, allosteric modulators with negative intrinsic efficacy. Theoretical simulations and overall goodness of fit of the models to simulated data suggest that it is feasible to apply the models to experimental data and constitute one step forward in receptor theory formalism. |
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IAM; 600.044; 605.203 |
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IAM @ iam @ RGG2013b |
Serial |
2195 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ferran Poveda; Debora Gil; Enric Marti; Albert Andaluz; Manel Ballester;Francesc Carreras Costa |
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Title |
Helical structure of the cardiac ventricular anatomy assessed by Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging multi-resolution tractography |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Revista Española de Cardiología |
Abbreviated Journal |
REC |
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Volume |
66 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
782-790 |
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Keywords |
Heart;Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging;Diffusion tractography;Helical heart;Myocardial ventricular band. |
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Deep understanding of myocardial structure linking morphology and function of the heart would unravel crucial knowledge for medical and surgical clinical procedures and studies. Several conceptual models of myocardial fiber organization have been proposed but the lack of an automatic and objective methodology prevented an agreement. We sought to deepen in this knowledge through advanced computer graphic representations of the myocardial fiber architecture by diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI).
We performed automatic tractography reconstruction of unsegmented DT-MRI canine heart datasets coming from the public database of the Johns Hopkins University. Full scale tractographies have been build with 200 seeds and are composed by streamlines computed on the vectorial field of primary eigenvectors given at the diffusion tensor volumes. Also, we introduced a novel multi-scale visualization technique in order to obtain a simplified tractography. This methodology allowed to keep the main geometric features of the fiber tracts, making easier to decipher the main properties of the architectural organization of the heart.
On the analysis of the output from our tractographic representations we found exact correlation with low-level details of myocardial architecture, but also with the more abstract conceptualization of a continuous helical ventricular myocardial fiber array.
Objective analysis of myocardial architecture by an automated method, including the entire myocardium and using several 3D levels of complexity, reveals a continuous helical myocardial fiber arrangement of both right and left ventricles, supporting the anatomical model of the helical ventricular myocardial band described by Torrent-Guasp. |
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Elsevier |
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IAM; 600.044; 600.060 |
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IAM @ iam @ PGM2013 |
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2194 |
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Author |
David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Daniel Ponsa; David Geronimo |
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Title |
Interactive Training of Human Detectors |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Multiodal Interaction in Image and Video Applications |
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48 |
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169-182 |
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Pedestrian Detection; Virtual World; AdaBoost; Domain Adaptation |
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Image based human detection remains as a challenging problem. Most promising detectors rely on classifiers trained with labelled samples. However, labelling is a manual labor intensive step. To overcome this problem we propose to collect images of pedestrians from a virtual city, i.e., with automatic labels, and train a pedestrian detector with them, which works fine when such virtual-world data are similar to testing one, i.e., real-world pedestrians in urban areas. When testing data is acquired in different conditions than training one, e.g., human detection in personal photo albums, dataset shift appears. In previous work, we cast this problem as one of domain adaptation and solve it with an active learning procedure. In this work, we focus on the same problem but evaluating a different set of faster to compute features, i.e., Haar, EOH and their combination. In particular, we train a classifier with virtual-world data, using such features and Real AdaBoost as learning machine. This classifier is applied to real-world training images. Then, a human oracle interactively corrects the wrong detections, i.e., few miss detections are manually annotated and some false ones are pointed out too. A low amount of manual annotation is fixed as restriction. Real- and virtual-world difficult samples are combined within what we call cool world and we retrain the classifier with this data. Our experiments show that this adapted classifier is equivalent to the one trained with only real-world data but requiring 90% less manual annotations. |
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Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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English |
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1868-4394 |
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978-3-642-35931-6 |
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ADAS; 600.057; 600.054; 605.203 |
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VLP2013; ADAS @ adas @ vlp2013 |
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2193 |
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Author |
Sergio Vera; Debora Gil; Agnes Borras; Marius George Linguraru; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester |
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Title |
Geometric Steerable Medial Maps |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Machine Vision and Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
MVA |
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24 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1255-1266 |
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Medial Representations ,Medial Manifolds Comparation , Surface , Reconstruction |
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In order to provide more intuitive and easily interpretable representations of complex shapes/organs, medial manifolds should reach a compromise between simplicity in geometry and capability for restoring the anatomy/shape of the organ/volume. Existing morphological methods show excellent results when applied to 2D objects, but their quality drops across dimensions.
This paper contributes to the computation of medial manifolds in two aspects. First, we provide a standard scheme for the computation of medial manifolds that avoids degenerated medial axis segments. Second, we introduce a continuous operator for accurate and efficient computation of medial structures of arbitrary dimension. We evaluate quantitatively the performance of our method with respect to existing approaches, by applying them to syn- thetic shapes of known medial geometry. We also show its higher performance for medical imaging applications in terms of simplicity of medial structures and capability for reconstructing the anatomical volume. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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Mubarak Shah |
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0932-8092 |
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IAM; 605.203; 600.060; 600.044 |
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IAM @ iam @ VGB2013 |
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2192 |
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Author |
Mikhail Mozerov |
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Title |
Constrained Optical Flow Estimation as a Matching Problem |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
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TIP |
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22 |
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5 |
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2044-2055 |
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In general, discretization in the motion vector domain yields an intractable number of labels. In this paper we propose an approach that can reduce general optical flow to the constrained matching problem by pre-estimating a 2D disparity labeling map of the desired discrete motion vector function. One of the goals of the proposed paper is estimating coarse distribution of motion vectors and then utilizing this distribution as global constraints for discrete optical flow estimation. This pre-estimation is done with a simple frame-to-frame correlation technique also known as the digital symmetric-phase-only-filter (SPOF). We discover a strong correlation between the output of the SPOF and the motion vector distribution of the related optical flow. The two step matching paradigm for optical flow estimation is applied: pixel accuracy (integer flow), and subpixel accuracy estimation. The matching problem is solved by global optimization. Experiments on the Middlebury optical flow datasets confirm our intuitive assumptions about strong correlation between motion vector distribution of optical flow and maximal peaks of SPOF outputs. The overall performance of the proposed method is promising and achieves state-of-the-art results on the Middlebury benchmark. |
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1057-7149 |
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ISE |
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Admin @ si @ Moz2013 |
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2191 |
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Author |
David Roche; Debora Gil; Jesus Giraldo |
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Title |
Multiple active receptor conformation, agonist efficacy and maximum effect of the system: the conformation-based operational model of agonism, |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Drug Discovery Today |
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DDT |
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18 |
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7-8 |
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365-371 |
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The operational model of agonism assumes that the maximum effect a particular receptor system can achieve (the Em parameter) is fixed. Em estimates are above but close to the asymptotic maximum effects of endogenous agonists. The concept of Em is contradicted by superagonists and those positive allosteric modulators that significantly increase the maximum effect of endogenous agonists. An extension of the operational model is proposed that assumes that the Em parameter does not necessarily have a single value for a receptor system but has multiple values associated to multiple active receptor conformations. The model provides a mechanistic link between active receptor conformation and agonist efficacy, which can be useful for the analysis of agonist response under different receptor scenarios. |
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Elsevier |
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IAM; 600.057; 600.054 |
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IAM @ iam @ RGG2013a |
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2190 |
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Author |
Jordi Roca; Maria Vanrell; C. Alejandro Parraga |
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Title |
What is constant in colour constancy? |
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Conference Article |
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2012 |
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6th European Conference on Colour in Graphics, Imaging and Vision |
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337-343 |
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Color constancy refers to the ability of the human visual system to stabilize
the color appearance of surfaces under an illuminant change. In this work we studied how the interrelations among nine colors are perceived under illuminant changes, particularly whether they remain stable across 10 different conditions (5 illuminants and 2 backgrounds). To do so we have used a paradigm that measures several colors under an immersive state of adaptation. From our measures we defined a perceptual structure descriptor that is up to 87% stable over all conditions, suggesting that color category features could be used to predict color constancy. This is in agreement with previous results on the stability of border categories [1,2] and with computational color constancy
algorithms [3] for estimating the scene illuminant. |
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9781622767014 |
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CGIV |
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CIC |
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RVP2012 |
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2189 |
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Jordi Roca; C. Alejandro Parraga; Maria Vanrell |
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Title |
Predicting categorical colour perception in successive colour constancy |
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2012 |
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Perception |
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PER |
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41 |
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138 |
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Colour constancy is a perceptual mechanism that seeks to keep the colour of objects relatively stable under an illumination shift. Experiments haveshown that its effects depend on the number of colours present in the scene. We
studied categorical colour changes under different adaptation states, in particular, whether the colour categories seen under a chromatically neutral illuminant are the same after a shift in the chromaticity of the illumination. To do this, we developed the chromatic setting paradigm (2011 Journal of Vision11 349), which is as an extension of achromatic setting to colour categories. The paradigm exploits the ability of subjects to reliably reproduce the most representative examples of each category, adjusting multiple test patches embedded in a coloured Mondrian. Our experiments were run on a CRT monitor (inside a dark room) under various simulated illuminants and restricting the number of colours of the Mondrian background to three, thus weakening the adaptation effect. Our results show a change in the colour categories present before (under neutral illumination) and after adaptation (under coloured illuminants) with a tendency for adapted colours to be less saturated than before adaptation. This behaviour was predicted by a simple
affine matrix model, adjusted to the chromatic setting results. |
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0301-0066 |
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Admin @ si @ RPV2012 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Y. LeCun; Theo Gevers; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Semantic Road Segmentation via Multi-Scale Ensembles of Learned Features |
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2012 |
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12th European Conference on Computer Vision – Workshops and Demonstrations |
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7584 |
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586-595 |
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road detection |
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Semantic segmentation refers to the process of assigning an object label (e.g., building, road, sidewalk, car, pedestrian) to every pixel in an image. Common approaches formulate the task as a random field labeling problem modeling the interactions between labels by combining local and contextual features such as color, depth, edges, SIFT or HoG. These models are trained to maximize the likelihood of the correct classification given a training set. However, these approaches rely on hand–designed features (e.g., texture, SIFT or HoG) and a higher computational time required in the inference process.
Therefore, in this paper, we focus on estimating the unary potentials of a conditional random field via ensembles of learned features. We propose an algorithm based on convolutional neural networks to learn local features from training data at different scales and resolutions. Then, diversification between these features is exploited using a weighted linear combination. Experiments on a publicly available database show the effectiveness of the proposed method to perform semantic road scene segmentation in still images. The algorithm outperforms appearance based methods and its performance is similar compared to state–of–the–art methods using other sources of information such as depth, motion or stereo. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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0302-9743 |
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978-3-642-33867-0 |
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ECCVW |
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Admin @ si @ ALG2012; ADAS @ adas |
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2187 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Antonio Lopez |
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Photometric Invariance by Machine Learning |
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2012 |
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Color in Computer Vision: Fundamentals and Applications |
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7 |
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113-134 |
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road detection |
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iConcept Press Ltd |
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Theo Gevers, Arjan Gijsenij, Joost van de Weijer, Jan-Mark Geusebroek |
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978-0-470-89084-4 |
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Admin @ si @ AlL2012 |
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2186 |
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