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Author |
Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
Multi-Modal Deep Hand Sign Language Recognition in Still Images Using Restricted Boltzmann Machine |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Entropy |
Abbreviated Journal |
ENTROPY |
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20 |
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11 |
Pages |
809 |
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Keywords |
hand sign language; deep learning; restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM); multi-modal; profoundly deaf; noisy image |
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Abstract |
In this paper, a deep learning approach, Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), is used to perform automatic hand sign language recognition from visual data. We evaluate how RBM, as a deep generative model, is capable of generating the distribution of the input data for an enhanced recognition of unseen data. Two modalities, RGB and Depth, are considered in the model input in three forms: original image, cropped image, and noisy cropped image. Five crops of the input image are used and the hand of these cropped images are detected using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). After that, three types of the detected hand images are generated for each modality and input to RBMs. The outputs of the RBMs for two modalities are fused in another RBM in order to recognize the output sign label of the input image. The proposed multi-modal model is trained on all and part of the American alphabet and digits of four publicly available datasets. We also evaluate the robustness of the proposal against noise. Experimental results show that the proposed multi-modal model, using crops and the RBM fusing methodology, achieves state-of-the-art results on Massey University Gesture Dataset 2012, American Sign Language (ASL). and Fingerspelling Dataset from the University of Surrey’s Center for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, NYU, and ASL Fingerspelling A datasets. |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ RKE2018 |
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3198 |
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Author |
Katerine Diaz; Jesus Martinez del Rincon; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Debora Gil |
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Title |
Continuous head pose estimation using manifold subspace embedding and multivariate regression |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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IEEE Access |
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ACCESS |
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6 |
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18325 - 18334 |
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Head Pose estimation; HOG features; Generalized Discriminative Common Vectors; B-splines; Multiple linear regression |
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In this paper, a continuous head pose estimation system is proposed to estimate yaw and pitch head angles from raw facial images. Our approach is based on manifold learningbased methods, due to their promising generalization properties shown for face modelling from images. The method combines histograms of oriented gradients, generalized discriminative common vectors and continuous local regression to achieve successful performance. Our proposal was tested on multiple standard face datasets, as well as in a realistic scenario. Results show a considerable performance improvement and a higher consistence of our model in comparison with other state-of-art methods, with angular errors varying between 9 and 17 degrees. |
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2169-3536 |
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ADAS; 600.118 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ DMH2018b |
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3091 |
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Sumit K. Banchhor; Narendra D. Londhe; Tadashi Araki; Luca Saba; Petia Radeva; Narendra N. Khanna; Jasjit S. Suri |
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Title |
Calcium detection, its quantification, and grayscale morphology-based risk stratification using machine learning in multimodality big data coronary and carotid scans: A review. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
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Computers in Biology and Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
CBM |
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101 |
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184-198 |
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Heart disease; Stroke; Atherosclerosis; Intravascular; Coronary; Carotid; Calcium; Morphology; Risk stratification |
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Abstract |
Purpose of review
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke. Typically, atherosclerotic calcium is found during the mature stage of the atherosclerosis disease. It is therefore often a challenge to identify and quantify the calcium. This is due to the presence of multiple components of plaque buildup in the arterial walls. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines point to the importance of calcium in the coronary and carotid arteries and further recommend its quantification for the prevention of heart disease. It is therefore essential to stratify the CVD risk of the patient into low- and high-risk bins.
Recent finding
Calcium formation in the artery walls is multifocal in nature with sizes at the micrometer level. Thus, its detection requires high-resolution imaging. Clinical experience has shown that even though optical coherence tomography offers better resolution, intravascular ultrasound still remains an important imaging modality for coronary wall imaging. For a computer-based analysis system to be complete, it must be scientifically and clinically validated. This study presents a state-of-the-art review (condensation of 152 publications after examining 200 articles) covering the methods for calcium detection and its quantification for coronary and carotid arteries, the pros and cons of these methods, and the risk stratification strategies. The review also presents different kinds of statistical models and gold standard solutions for the evaluation of software systems useful for calcium detection and quantification. Finally, the review concludes with a possible vision for designing the next-generation system for better clinical outcomes. |
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MILAB; no proj |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ BLA2018 |
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3188 |
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Author |
Pichao Wang; Wanqing Li; Philip Ogunbona; Jun Wan; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
RGB-D-based Human Motion Recognition with Deep Learning: A Survey |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Computer Vision and Image Understanding |
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CVIU |
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171 |
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118-139 |
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Human motion recognition; RGB-D data; Deep learning; Survey |
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Human motion recognition is one of the most important branches of human-centered research activities. In recent years, motion recognition based on RGB-D data has attracted much attention. Along with the development in artificial intelligence, deep learning techniques have gained remarkable success in computer vision. In particular, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have achieved great success for image-based tasks, and recurrent neural networks (RNN) are renowned for sequence-based problems. Specifically, deep learning methods based on the CNN and RNN architectures have been adopted for motion recognition using RGB-D data. In this paper, a detailed overview of recent advances in RGB-D-based motion recognition is presented. The reviewed methods are broadly categorized into four groups, depending on the modality adopted for recognition: RGB-based, depth-based, skeleton-based and RGB+D-based. As a survey focused on the application of deep learning to RGB-D-based motion recognition, we explicitly discuss the advantages and limitations of existing techniques. Particularly, we highlighted the methods of encoding spatial-temporal-structural information inherent in video sequence, and discuss potential directions for future research. |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ WLO2018 |
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3123 |
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Author |
Mohammad N. S. Jahromi; Morten Bojesen Bonderup; Maryam Asadi-Aghbolaghi; Egils Avots; Kamal Nasrollahi; Sergio Escalera; Shohreh Kasaei; Thomas B. Moeslund; Gholamreza Anbarjafari |
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Title |
Automatic Access Control Based on Face and Hand Biometrics in a Non-cooperative Context |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
IEEE Winter Applications of Computer Vision Workshops |
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28-36 |
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IEEE Winter Applications of Computer Vision Workshops |
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Automatic access control systems (ACS) based on the human biometrics or physical tokens are widely employed in public and private areas. Yet these systems, in their conventional forms, are restricted to active interaction from the users. In scenarios where users are not cooperating with the system, these systems are challenged. Failure in cooperation with the biometric systems might be intentional or because the users are incapable of handling the interaction procedure with the biometric system or simply forget to cooperate with it, due to for example, illness like dementia. This work introduces a challenging bimodal database, including face and hand information of the users when they approach a door to open it by its handle in a noncooperative context. We have defined two (an easy and a challenging) protocols on how to use the database. We have reported results on many baseline methods, including deep learning techniques as well as conventional methods on the database. The obtained results show the merit of the proposed database and the challenging nature of access control with non-cooperative users. |
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Lake Tahoe; USA; March 2018 |
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WACVW |
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HUPBA; 602.133 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ JBA2018 |
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3121 |
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Author |
Marco Buzzelli; Joost Van de Weijer; Raimondo Schettini |
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Title |
Learning Illuminant Estimation from Object Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
25th International Conference on Image Processing |
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3234 - 3238 |
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Illuminant estimation; computational color constancy; semi-supervised learning; deep learning; convolutional neural networks |
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In this paper we present a deep learning method to estimate the illuminant of an image. Our model is not trained with illuminant annotations, but with the objective of improving performance on an auxiliary task such as object recognition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a deep
learning architecture for illuminant estimation that is trained without ground truth illuminants. We evaluate our solution on standard datasets for color constancy, and compare it with state of the art methods. Our proposal is shown to outperform most deep learning methods in a cross-dataset evaluation
setup, and to present competitive results in a comparison with parametric solutions. |
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Athens; Greece; October 2018 |
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ICIP |
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LAMP; 600.109; 600.120 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BWS2018 |
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3157 |
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Author |
Adrian Galdran; Aitor Alvarez-Gila; Alessandro Bria; Javier Vazquez; Marcelo Bertalmio |
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Title |
On the Duality Between Retinex and Image Dehazing |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
Publication |
31st IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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8212–8221 |
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Image color analysis; Task analysis; Atmospheric modeling; Computer vision; Computational modeling; Lighting |
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Abstract |
Image dehazing deals with the removal of undesired loss of visibility in outdoor images due to the presence of fog. Retinex is a color vision model mimicking the ability of the Human Visual System to robustly discount varying illuminations when observing a scene under different spectral lighting conditions. Retinex has been widely explored in the computer vision literature for image enhancement and other related tasks. While these two problems are apparently unrelated, the goal of this work is to show that they can be connected by a simple linear relationship. Specifically, most Retinex-based algorithms have the characteristic feature of always increasing image brightness, which turns them into ideal candidates for effective image dehazing by directly applying Retinex to a hazy image whose intensities have been inverted. In this paper, we give theoretical proof that Retinex on inverted intensities is a solution to the image dehazing problem. Comprehensive qualitative and quantitative results indicate that several classical and modern implementations of Retinex can be transformed into competing image dehazing algorithms performing on pair with more complex fog removal methods, and can overcome some of the main challenges associated with this problem. |
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Salt Lake City; USA; June 2018 |
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CVPR |
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LAMP; 600.120 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ GAB2018 |
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3146 |
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Author |
Lluis Gomez; Andres Mafla; Marçal Rusiñol; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Single Shot Scene Text Retrieval |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
15th European Conference on Computer Vision |
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11218 |
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728-744 |
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Image retrieval; Scene text; Word spotting; Convolutional Neural Networks; Region Proposals Networks; PHOC |
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Abstract |
Textual information found in scene images provides high level semantic information about the image and its context and it can be leveraged for better scene understanding. In this paper we address the problem of scene text retrieval: given a text query, the system must return all images containing the queried text. The novelty of the proposed model consists in the usage of a single shot CNN architecture that predicts at the same time bounding boxes and a compact text representation of the words in them. In this way, the text based image retrieval task can be casted as a simple nearest neighbor search of the query text representation over the outputs of the CNN over the entire image
database. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed architecture
outperforms previous state-of-the-art while it offers a significant increase
in processing speed. |
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Munich; September 2018 |
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ECCV |
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DAG; 600.084; 601.338; 600.121; 600.129 |
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Admin @ si @ GMR2018 |
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3143 |
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Author |
Cristhian A. Aguilera-Carrasco; C. Aguilera; Angel Sappa |
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Title |
Melamine Faced Panels Defect Classification beyond the Visible Spectrum |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
Publication |
Sensors |
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SENS |
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18 |
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11 |
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1-10 |
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industrial application; infrared; machine learning |
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In this work, we explore the use of images from different spectral bands to classify defects in melamine faced panels, which could appear through the production process. Through experimental evaluation, we evaluate the use of images from the visible (VS), near-infrared (NIR), and long wavelength infrared (LWIR), to classify the defects using a feature descriptor learning approach together with a support vector machine classifier. Two descriptors were evaluated, Extended Local Binary Patterns (E-LBP) and SURF using a Bag of Words (BoW) representation. The evaluation was carried on with an image set obtained during this work, which contained five different defect categories that currently occurs in the industry. Results show that using images from beyond the visual spectrum helps to improve classification performance in contrast with a single visible spectrum solution. |
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MSIAU; 600.122 |
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Admin @ si @ AAS2018 |
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3191 |
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Author |
Patricia Suarez; Angel Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla |
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Cross-spectral image dehaze through a dense stacked conditional GAN based approach |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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14th IEEE International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet Based System |
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Infrared imaging; Dense; Stacked CGAN; Crossspectral; Convolutional networks |
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This paper proposes a novel approach to remove haze from RGB images using a near infrared images based on a dense stacked conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN). The architecture of the deep network implemented
receives, besides the images with haze, its corresponding image in the near infrared spectrum, which serve to accelerate the learning process of the details of the characteristics of the images. The model uses a triplet layer that allows the independence learning of each channel of the visible spectrum image to remove the haze on each color channel separately. A multiple loss function scheme is proposed, which ensures balanced learning between the colors
and the structure of the images. Experimental results have shown that the proposed method effectively removes the haze from the images. Additionally, the proposed approach is compared with a state of the art approach showing better results. |
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Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; November 2018 |
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978-1-5386-9385-8 |
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MSIAU; 600.086; 600.130; 600.122 |
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Admin @ si @ SSV2018a |
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3193 |
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Simone Balocco; Mauricio Gonzalez; Ricardo Ñancule; Petia Radeva; Gabriel Thomas |
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Calcified Plaque Detection in IVUS Sequences: Preliminary Results Using Convolutional Nets |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition |
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11047 |
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34-42 |
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Intravascular ultrasound images; Convolutional nets; Deep learning; Medical image analysis |
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The manual inspection of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images to detect clinically relevant patterns is a difficult and laborious task performed routinely by physicians. In this paper, we present a framework based on convolutional nets for the quick selection of IVUS frames containing arterial calcification, a pattern whose detection plays a vital role in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Preliminary experiments on a dataset acquired from eighty patients show that convolutional architectures improve detections of a shallow classifier in terms of 𝐹1-measure, precision and recall. |
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Cuba; September 2018 |
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IWAIPR |
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MILAB; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BGÑ2018 |
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3237 |
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Author |
V. Poulain d'Andecy; Emmanuel Hartmann; Marçal Rusiñol |
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Field Extraction by hybrid incremental and a-priori structural templates |
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2018 |
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13th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems |
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251 - 256 |
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Layout Analysis; information extraction; incremental learning |
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In this paper, we present an incremental framework for extracting information fields from administrative documents. First, we demonstrate some limits of the existing state-of-the-art methods such as the delay of the system efficiency. This is a concern in industrial context when we have only few samples of each document class. Based on this analysis, we propose a hybrid system combining incremental learning by means of itf-df statistics and a-priori generic
models. We report in the experimental section our results obtained with a dataset of real invoices. |
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Viena; Austria; April 2018 |
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DAS |
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DAG; 600.084; 600.129; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ PHR2018 |
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3106 |
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Huamin Ren; Nattiya Kanhabua; Andreas Mogelmose; Weifeng Liu; Kaustubh Kulkarni; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Thomas B. Moeslund |
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Title |
Back-dropout Transfer Learning for Action Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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IET Computer Vision |
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IETCV |
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12 |
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4 |
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484-491 |
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Learning (artificial intelligence); Pattern Recognition |
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Transfer learning aims at adapting a model learned from source dataset to target dataset. It is a beneficial approach especially when annotating on the target dataset is expensive or infeasible. Transfer learning has demonstrated its powerful learning capabilities in various vision tasks. Despite transfer learning being a promising approach, it is still an open question how to adapt the model learned from the source dataset to the target dataset. One big challenge is to prevent the impact of category bias on classification performance. Dataset bias exists when two images from the same category, but from different datasets, are not classified as the same. To address this problem, a transfer learning algorithm has been proposed, called negative back-dropout transfer learning (NB-TL), which utilizes images that have been misclassified and further performs back-dropout strategy on them to penalize errors. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. In particular, the authors evaluate the performance of the proposed NB-TL algorithm on UCF 101 action recognition dataset, achieving 88.9% recognition rate. |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ RKM2018 |
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3071 |
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F. Javier Sanchez; Jorge Bernal |
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Title |
Use of Software Tools for Real-time Monitoring of Learning Processes: Application to Compilers subject |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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4th International Conference of Higher Education Advances |
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1359-1366 |
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Monitoring; Evaluation tool; Gamification; Student motivation |
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The effective implementation of the Higher European Education Area has meant a change regarding the focus of the learning process, being now the student at its very center. This shift of focus requires a strong involvement and fluent communication between teachers and students to succeed. Considering the difficulties associated to motivate students to take a more active role in the learning process, we explore how the use of a software tool can help both actors to improve the learning experience. We present a tool that can help students to obtain instantaneous feedback with respect to their progress in the subject as well as providing teachers with useful information about the evolution of knowledge acquisition with respect to each of the subject areas. We compare the performance achieved by students in two academic years: results show an improvement in overall performance which, after observing graphs provided by our tool, can be associated to an increase in students interest in the subject. |
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Valencia; June 2018 |
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MV; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ SaB2018 |
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3165 |
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Marta Diez-Ferrer; Debora Gil; Cristian Tebe; Carles Sanchez |
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Title |
Positive Airway Pressure to Enhance Computed Tomography Imaging for Airway Segmentation for Virtual Bronchoscopic Navigation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
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Respiration |
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RES |
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96 |
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6 |
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525-534 |
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Multidetector computed tomography; Bronchoscopy; Continuous positive airway pressure; Image enhancement; Virtual bronchoscopic navigation |
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Abstract
RATIONALE:
Virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) guidance to peripheral pulmonary lesions is often limited by insufficient segmentation of the peripheral airways.
OBJECTIVES:
To test the effect of applying positive airway pressure (PAP) during CT acquisition to improve segmentation, particularly at end-expiration.
METHODS:
CT acquisitions in inspiration and expiration with 4 PAP protocols were recorded prospectively and compared to baseline inspiratory acquisitions in 20 patients. The 4 protocols explored differences between devices (flow vs. turbine), exposures (within seconds vs. 15-min) and pressure levels (10 vs. 14 cmH2O). Segmentation quality was evaluated with the number of airways and number of endpoints reached. A generalized mixed-effects model explored the estimated effect of each protocol.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Patient characteristics and lung function did not significantly differ between protocols. Compared to baseline inspiratory acquisitions, expiratory acquisitions after 15 min of 14 cmH2O PAP segmented 1.63-fold more airways (95% CI 1.07-2.48; p = 0.018) and reached 1.34-fold more endpoints (95% CI 1.08-1.66; p = 0.004). Inspiratory acquisitions performed immediately under 10 cmH2O PAP reached 1.20-fold (95% CI 1.09-1.33; p < 0.001) more endpoints; after 15 min the increase was 1.14-fold (95% CI 1.05-1.24; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
CT acquisitions with PAP segment more airways and reach more endpoints than baseline inspiratory acquisitions. The improvement is particularly evident at end-expiration after 15 min of 14 cmH2O PAP. Further studies must confirm that the improvement increases diagnostic yield when using VBN to evaluate peripheral pulmonary lesions. |
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IAM; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ DGT2018 |
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3135 |
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