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Author |
German Ros; Laura Sellart; Gabriel Villalonga; Elias Maidanik; Francisco Molero; Marc Garcia; Adriana Cedeño; Francisco Perez; Didier Ramirez; Eduardo Escobar; Jose Luis Gomez; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenes via Domain Adaptation of SYNTHIA |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Domain Adaptation in Computer Vision Applications |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
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Pages |
227-241 |
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Keywords |
SYNTHIA; Virtual worlds; Autonomous Driving |
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Abstract |
Vision-based semantic segmentation in urban scenarios is a key functionality for autonomous driving. Recent revolutionary results of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) foreshadow the advent of reliable classifiers to perform such visual tasks. However, DCNNs require learning of many parameters from raw images; thus, having a sufficient amount of diverse images with class annotations is needed. These annotations are obtained via cumbersome, human labour which is particularly challenging for semantic segmentation since pixel-level annotations are required. In this chapter, we propose to use a combination of a virtual world to automatically generate realistic synthetic images with pixel-level annotations, and domain adaptation to transfer the models learnt to correctly operate in real scenarios. We address the question of how useful synthetic data can be for semantic segmentation – in particular, when using a DCNN paradigm. In order to answer this question we have generated a synthetic collection of diverse urban images, named SYNTHIA, with automatically generated class annotations and object identifiers. We use SYNTHIA in combination with publicly available real-world urban images with manually provided annotations. Then, we conduct experiments with DCNNs that show that combining SYNTHIA with simple domain adaptation techniques in the training stage significantly improves performance on semantic segmentation. |
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Springer |
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Gabriela Csurka |
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ADAS; 600.085; 600.082; 600.076; 600.118 |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ RSV2017 |
Serial |
2882 |
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Author |
Veronica Romero; Alicia Fornes; Enrique Vidal; Joan Andreu Sanchez |
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Title |
Information Extraction in Handwritten Marriage Licenses Books Using the MGGI Methodology |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
8th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
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Volume |
10255 |
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Pages |
287-294 |
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Keywords |
Handwritten Text Recognition; Information extraction; Language modeling; MGGI; Categories-based language model |
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Abstract |
Historical records of daily activities provide intriguing insights into the life of our ancestors, useful for demographic and genealogical research. For example, marriage license books have been used for centuries by ecclesiastical and secular institutions to register marriages. These books follow a simple structure of the text in the records with a evolutionary vocabulary, mainly composed of proper names that change along the time. This distinct vocabulary makes automatic transcription and semantic information extraction difficult tasks. In previous works we studied the use of category-based language models and how a Grammatical Inference technique known as MGGI could improve the accuracy of these tasks. In this work we analyze the main causes of the semantic errors observed in previous results and apply a better implementation of the MGGI technique to solve these problems. Using the resulting language model, transcription and information extraction experiments have been carried out, and the results support our proposed approach. |
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Faro; Portugal; June 2017 |
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L.A. Alexandre; J.Salvador Sanchez; Joao M. F. Rodriguez |
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978-3-319-58837-7 |
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IbPRIA |
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Notes |
DAG; 602.006; 600.097; 600.121 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ RFV2017 |
Serial |
2952 |
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Author |
Marçal Rusiñol; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Flowchart Recognition in Patent Information Retrieval |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Current Challenges in Patent Information Retrieval |
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37 |
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Pages |
351-368 |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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M. Lupu; K. Mayer; N. Kando; A.J. Trippe |
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DAG; 600.097; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ RuL2017 |
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2896 |
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Author |
Ivet Rafegas |
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Title |
Color in Visual Recognition: from flat to deep representations and some biological parallelisms |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Visual recognition is one of the main problems in computer vision that attempts to solve image understanding by deciding what objects are in images. This problem can be computationally solved by using relevant sets of visual features, such as edges, corners, color or more complex object parts. This thesis contributes to how color features have to be represented for recognition tasks.
Image features can be extracted following two different approaches. A first approach is defining handcrafted descriptors of images which is then followed by a learning scheme to classify the content (named flat schemes in Kruger et al. (2013). In this approach, perceptual considerations are habitually used to define efficient color features. Here we propose a new flat color descriptor based on the extension of color channels to boost the representation of spatio-chromatic contrast that surpasses state-of-the-art approaches. However, flat schemes present a lack of generality far away from the capabilities of biological systems. A second approach proposes evolving these flat schemes into a hierarchical process, like in the visual cortex. This includes an automatic process to learn optimal features. These deep schemes, and more specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have shown an impressive performance to solve various vision problems. However, there is a lack of understanding about the internal representation obtained, as a result of automatic learning. In this thesis we propose a new methodology to explore the internal representation of trained CNNs by defining the Neuron Feature as a visualization of the intrinsic features encoded in each individual neuron. Additionally, and inspired by physiological techniques, we propose to compute different neuron selectivity indexes (e.g., color, class, orientation or symmetry, amongst others) to label and classify the full CNN neuron population to understand learned representations.
Finally, using the proposed methodology, we show an in-depth study on how color is represented on a specific CNN, trained for object recognition, that competes with primate representational abilities (Cadieu et al (2014)). We found several parallelisms with biological visual systems: (a) a significant number of color selectivity neurons throughout all the layers; (b) an opponent and low frequency representation of color oriented edges and a higher sampling of frequency selectivity in brightness than in color in 1st layer like in V1; (c) a higher sampling of color hue in the second layer aligned to observed hue maps in V2; (d) a strong color and shape entanglement in all layers from basic features in shallower layers (V1 and V2) to object and background shapes in deeper layers (V4 and IT); and (e) a strong correlation between neuron color selectivities and color dataset bias. |
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November 2017 |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Editor |
Maria Vanrell |
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978-84-945373-7-0 |
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Notes |
CIC |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Raf2017 |
Serial |
3100 |
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Author |
Pau Riba; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes |
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Title |
Error-tolerant coarse-to-fine matching model for hierarchical graphs |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
11th IAPR-TC-15 International Workshop on Graph-Based Representations in Pattern Recognition |
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Volume |
10310 |
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Pages |
107-117 |
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Keywords |
Graph matching; Hierarchical graph; Graph-based representation; Coarse-to-fine matching |
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Abstract |
Graph-based representations are effective tools to capture structural information from visual elements. However, retrieving a query graph from a large database of graphs implies a high computational complexity. Moreover, these representations are very sensitive to noise or small changes. In this work, a novel hierarchical graph representation is designed. Using graph clustering techniques adapted from graph-based social media analysis, we propose to generate a hierarchy able to deal with different levels of abstraction while keeping information about the topology. For the proposed representations, a coarse-to-fine matching method is defined. These approaches are validated using real scenarios such as classification of colour images and handwritten word spotting. |
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Address |
Anacapri; Italy; May 2017 |
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Springer International Publishing |
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Editor |
Pasquale Foggia; Cheng-Lin Liu; Mario Vento |
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GbRPR |
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Notes |
DAG; 600.097; 601.302; 600.121 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ RLF2017a |
Serial |
2951 |
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Author |
Meysam Madadi |
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Title |
Human Segmentation, Pose Estimation and Applications |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Automatic analyzing humans in photographs or videos has great potential applications in computer vision, including medical diagnosis, sports, entertainment, movie editing and surveillance, just to name a few. Body, face and hand are the most studied components of humans. Body has many variabilities in shape and clothing along with high degrees of freedom in pose. Face has many muscles causing many visible deformity, beside variable shape and hair style. Hand is a small object, moving fast and has high degrees of freedom. Adding human characteristics to all aforementioned variabilities makes human analysis quite a challenging task.
In this thesis, we developed human segmentation in different modalities. In a first scenario, we segmented human body and hand in depth images using example-based shape warping. We developed a shape descriptor based on shape context and class probabilities of shape regions to extract nearest neighbors. We then considered rigid affine alignment vs. nonrigid iterative shape warping. In a second scenario, we segmented face in RGB images using convolutional neural networks (CNN). We modeled conditional random field with recurrent neural networks. In our model pair-wise kernels are not fixed and learned during training. We trained the network end-to-end using adversarial networks which improved hair segmentation by a high margin.
We also worked on 3D hand pose estimation in depth images. In a generative approach, we fitted a finger model separately for each finger based on our example-based rigid hand segmentation. We minimized an energy function based on overlapping area, depth discrepancy and finger collisions. We also applied linear models in joint trajectory space to refine occluded joints based on visible joints error and invisible joints trajectory smoothness. In a CNN-based approach, we developed a tree-structure network to train specific features for each finger and fused them for global pose consistency. We also formulated physical and appearance constraints as loss functions.
Finally, we developed a number of applications consisting of human soft biometrics measurement and garment retexturing. We also generated some datasets in this thesis consisting of human segmentation, synthetic hand pose, garment retexturing and Italian gestures. |
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Address |
October 2017 |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Editor |
Sergio Escalera;Jordi Gonzalez |
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978-84-945373-3-2 |
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Notes |
HUPBA |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Mad2017 |
Serial |
3017 |
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Author |
Hugo Jair Escalante; Victor Ponce; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Alicia Morales-Reyes; Jose Martinez-Carranza |
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Title |
Evolving weighting schemes for the Bag of Visual Words |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Neural Computing and Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Neural Computing and Applications |
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Volume |
28 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
925–939 |
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Keywords |
Bag of Visual Words; Bag of features; Genetic programming; Term-weighting schemes; Computer vision |
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Abstract |
The Bag of Visual Words (BoVW) is an established representation in computer vision. Taking inspiration from text mining, this representation has proved
to be very effective in many domains. However, in most cases, standard term-weighting schemes are adopted (e.g.,term-frequency or TF-IDF). It remains open the question of whether alternative weighting schemes could boost the
performance of methods based on BoVW. More importantly, it is unknown whether it is possible to automatically learn and determine effective weighting schemes from
scratch. This paper brings some light into both of these unknowns. On the one hand, we report an evaluation of the most common weighting schemes used in text mining, but rarely used in computer vision tasks. Besides, we propose an evolutionary algorithm capable of automatically learning weighting schemes for computer vision problems. We report empirical results of an extensive study in several computer vision problems. Results show the usefulness of the proposed method. |
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Springer |
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Notes |
HUPBA;MV; no menciona |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ EPE2017 |
Serial |
2743 |
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