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Author |
Diego Velazquez |
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Title |
Towards Robustness in Computer-based Image Understanding |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2023 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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This thesis embarks on an exploratory journey into robustness in deep learning,
with a keen focus on the intertwining facets of generalization, explainability, and
edge cases within the realm of computer vision. In deep learning, robustness
epitomizes a model’s resilience and flexibility, grounded on its capacity to generalize across diverse data distributions, explain its predictions transparently, and navigate the intricacies of edge cases effectively. The challenges associated with robust generalization are multifaceted, encompassing the model’s performance on unseen data and its defense against out-of-distribution data and adversarial attacks. Bridging this gap, the potential of Embedding Propagation (EP) for improving out-of-distribution generalization is explored. EP is depicted as a powerful tool facilitating manifold smoothing, which in turn fortifies the model’s robustness against adversarial onslaughts and bolsters performance in few-shot and self-/semi-supervised learning scenarios. In the labyrinth of deep learning models, the path to robustness often intersects with explainability. As model complexity increases, so does the urgency to decipher their decision-making
processes. Acknowledging this, the thesis introduces a robust framework for
evaluating and comparing various counterfactual explanation methods, echoing
the imperative of explanation quality over quantity and spotlighting the intricacies of diversifying explanations. Simultaneously, the deep learning landscape is fraught with edge cases – anomalies in the form of small objects or rare instances in object detection tasks that defy the norm. Confronting this, the
thesis presents an extension of the DETR (DEtection TRansformer) model to enhance small object detection. The devised DETR-FP, embedding the Feature Pyramid technique, demonstrating improvement in small objects detection accuracy, albeit facing challenges like high computational costs. With emergence of foundation models in mind, the thesis unveils EarthView, the largest scale remote sensing dataset to date, built for the self-supervised learning of a robust foundational model for remote sensing. Collectively, these studies contribute to the grand narrative of robustness in deep learning, weaving together the strands of generalization, explainability, and edge case performance. Through these methodological advancements and novel datasets, the thesis calls for continued exploration, innovation, and refinement to fortify the bastion of robust computer vision. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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IMPRIMA |
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Jordi Gonzalez;Josep M. Gonfaus;Pau Rodriguez |
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978-81-126409-5-3 |
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ISE |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ Vel2023 |
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3965 |
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Author |
Chuanming Tang; Kai Wang; Joost van de Weijer; Jianlin Zhang; Yongmei Huang |
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Title |
Exploiting Image-Related Inductive Biases in Single-Branch Visual Tracking |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2023 |
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Arxiv |
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Despite achieving state-of-the-art performance in visual tracking, recent single-branch trackers tend to overlook the weak prior assumptions associated with the Vision Transformer (ViT) encoder and inference pipeline. Moreover, the effectiveness of discriminative trackers remains constrained due to the adoption of the dual-branch pipeline. To tackle the inferior effectiveness of the vanilla ViT, we propose an Adaptive ViT Model Prediction tracker (AViTMP) to bridge the gap between single-branch network and discriminative models. Specifically, in the proposed encoder AViT-Enc, we introduce an adaptor module and joint target state embedding to enrich the dense embedding paradigm based on ViT. Then, we combine AViT-Enc with a dense-fusion decoder and a discriminative target model to predict accurate location. Further, to mitigate the limitations of conventional inference practice, we present a novel inference pipeline called CycleTrack, which bolsters the tracking robustness in the presence of distractors via bidirectional cycle tracking verification. Lastly, we propose a dual-frame update inference strategy that adeptively handles significant challenges in long-term scenarios. In the experiments, we evaluate AViTMP on ten tracking benchmarks for a comprehensive assessment, including LaSOT, LaSOTExtSub, AVisT, etc. The experimental results unequivocally establish that AViTMP attains state-of-the-art performance, especially on long-time tracking and robustness. |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TWW2023 |
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3978 |
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Author |
Pau Torras; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Sanket Biswas; Alicia Fornes |
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Title |
Segmentation-Free Alignment of Arbitrary Symbol Transcripts to Images |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2023 Workshops |
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14193 |
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83-93 |
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Historical Manuscripts; Symbol Alignment |
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Abstract |
Developing arbitrary symbol recognition systems is a challenging endeavour. Even using content-agnostic architectures such as few-shot models, performance can be substantially improved by providing a number of well-annotated examples into training. In some contexts, transcripts of the symbols are available without any position information associated to them, which enables using line-level recognition architectures. A way of providing this position information to detection-based architectures is finding systems that can align the input symbols with the transcription. In this paper we discuss some symbol alignment techniques that are suitable for low-data scenarios and provide an insight on their perceived strengths and weaknesses. In particular, we study the usage of Connectionist Temporal Classification models, Attention-Based Sequence to Sequence models and we compare them with the results obtained on a few-shot recognition system. |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ TSS2023 |
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3850 |
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Author |
Guillermo Torres; Jan Rodríguez Dueñas; Sonia Baeza; Antoni Rosell; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil |
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Title |
Prediction of Malignancy in Lung Cancer using several strategies for the fusion of Multi-Channel Pyradiomics Images |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
7th Workshop on Digital Image Processing for Medical and Automotive Industry in the framework of SYNASC 2023 |
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This study shows the generation process and the subsequent study of the representation space obtained by extracting GLCM texture features from computer-aided tomography (CT) scans of pulmonary nodules (PN). For this, data from 92 patients from the Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital were used. The workflow focuses on feature extraction using Pyradiomics and the VGG16 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The aim of the study is to assess whether the data obtained have a positive impact on the diagnosis of lung cancer (LC). To design a machine learning (ML) model training method that allows generalization, we train SVM and neural network (NN) models, evaluating diagnosis performance using metrics defined at slice and nodule level. |
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DIPMAI |
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IAM |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ TRB2023 |
Serial |
3926 |
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Author |
Albert Tatjer; Bhalaji Nagarajan; Ricardo Marques; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
CCLM: Class-Conditional Label Noise Modelling |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
11th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
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Volume |
14062 |
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3-14 |
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The performance of deep neural networks highly depends on the quality and volume of the training data. However, cost-effective labelling processes such as crowdsourcing and web crawling often lead to data with noisy (i.e., wrong) labels. Making models robust to this label noise is thus of prime importance. A common approach is using loss distributions to model the label noise. However, the robustness of these methods highly depends on the accuracy of the division of training set into clean and noisy samples. In this work, we dive in this research direction highlighting the existing problem of treating this distribution globally and propose a class-conditional approach to split the clean and noisy samples. We apply our approach to the popular DivideMix algorithm and show how the local treatment fares better with respect to the global treatment of loss distribution. We validate our hypothesis on two popular benchmark datasets and show substantial improvements over the baseline experiments. We further analyze the effectiveness of the proposal using two different metrics – Noise Division Accuracy and Classiness. |
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Alicante; Spain; June 2023 |
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IbPRIA |
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MILAB |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ TNM2023 |
Serial |
3925 |
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Author |
George Tom; Minesh Mathew; Sergi Garcia Bordils; Dimosthenis Karatzas; CV Jawahar |
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Title |
ICDAR 2023 Competition on RoadText Video Text Detection, Tracking and Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
17th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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14188 |
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577–586 |
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In this report, we present the final results of the ICDAR 2023 Competition on RoadText Video Text Detection, Tracking and Recognition. The RoadText challenge is based on the RoadText-1K dataset and aims to assess and enhance current methods for scene text detection, recognition, and tracking in videos. The RoadText-1K dataset contains 1000 dash cam videos with annotations for text bounding boxes and transcriptions in every frame. The competition features an end-to-end task, requiring systems to accurately detect, track, and recognize text in dash cam videos. The paper presents a comprehensive review of the submitted methods along with a detailed analysis of the results obtained by the methods. The analysis provides valuable insights into the current capabilities and limitations of video text detection, tracking, and recognition systems for dashcam videos. |
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San Jose; CA; USA; August 2023 |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ TMG2023 |
Serial |
3905 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
George Tom; Minesh Mathew; Sergi Garcia Bordils; Dimosthenis Karatzas; CV Jawahar |
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Title |
Reading Between the Lanes: Text VideoQA on the Road |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
17th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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14192 |
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137–154 |
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VideoQA; scene text; driving videos |
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Text and signs around roads provide crucial information for drivers, vital for safe navigation and situational awareness. Scene text recognition in motion is a challenging problem, while textual cues typically appear for a short time span, and early detection at a distance is necessary. Systems that exploit such information to assist the driver should not only extract and incorporate visual and textual cues from the video stream but also reason over time. To address this issue, we introduce RoadTextVQA, a new dataset for the task of video question answering (VideoQA) in the context of driver assistance. RoadTextVQA consists of 3, 222 driving videos collected from multiple countries, annotated with 10, 500 questions, all based on text or road signs present in the driving videos. We assess the performance of state-of-the-art video question answering models on our RoadTextVQA dataset, highlighting the significant potential for improvement in this domain and the usefulness of the dataset in advancing research on in-vehicle support systems and text-aware multimodal question answering. The dataset is available at http://cvit.iiit.ac.in/research/projects/cvit-projects/roadtextvqa. |
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San Jose; CA; USA; August 2023 |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TMG2023 |
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3906 |
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Author |
Ruben Tito; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Ernest Valveny |
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Title |
Hierarchical multimodal transformers for Multi-Page DocVQA |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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144 |
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Pages |
109834 |
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Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) refers to the task of answering questions from document images. Existing work on DocVQA only considers single-page documents. However, in real scenarios documents are mostly composed of multiple pages that should be processed altogether. In this work we extend DocVQA to the multi-page scenario. For that, we first create a new dataset, MP-DocVQA, where questions are posed over multi-page documents instead of single pages. Second, we propose a new hierarchical method, Hi-VT5, based on the T5 architecture, that overcomes the limitations of current methods to process long multi-page documents. The proposed method is based on a hierarchical transformer architecture where the encoder summarizes the most relevant information of every page and then, the decoder takes this summarized information to generate the final answer. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate that our method is able, in a single stage, to answer the questions and provide the page that contains the relevant information to find the answer, which can be used as a kind of explainability measure. |
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ISSN 0031-3203 |
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DAG; 600.155; 600.121 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TKV2023 |
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3825 |
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Author |
Ruben Tito; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Ernest Valveny |
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Hierarchical multimodal transformers for Multipage DocVQA |
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Journal Article |
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2023 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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144 |
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109834 |
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Existing work on DocVQA only considers single-page documents. However, in real applications documents are mostly composed of multiple pages that should be processed altogether. In this work, we propose a new multimodal hierarchical method Hi-VT5, that overcomes the limitations of current methods to process long multipage documents. In contrast to previous hierarchical methods that focus on different semantic granularity (He et al., 2021) or different subtasks (Zhou et al., 2022) used in image classification. Our method is a hierarchical transformer architecture where the encoder learns to summarize the most relevant information of every page and then, the decoder uses this summarized representation to generate the final answer, following a bottom-up approach. Moreover, due to the lack of multipage DocVQA datasets, we also introduce MP-DocVQA, an extension of SP-DocVQA where questions are posed over multipage documents instead of single pages. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate that Hi-VT5 is able, in a single stage, to answer the questions and provide the page that contains the answer, which can be used as a kind of explainability measure. |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TKV2023 |
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3836 |
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Author |
Guillermo Torres; Debora Gil; Antonio Rosell; Sonia Baeza; Carles Sanchez |
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A radiomic biopsy for virtual histology of pulmonary nodules |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging |
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Cartagena de Indias; Colombia; April 2023 |
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ISBI |
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IAM |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TGR2023b |
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3954 |
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Guillermo Torres; Debora Gil; Antoni Rosell; S. Mena; Carles Sanchez |
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Virtual Radiomics Biopsy for the Histological Diagnosis of Pulmonary Nodules |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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37th International Congress and Exhibition is organized by Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery |
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Munich; Germany; June 2023 |
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CARS |
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IAM |
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Admin @ si @ TGR2023a |
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3950 |
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Guillermo Torres; Debora Gil; Antoni Rosell; S. Mena; Carles Sanchez |
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Virtual Radiomics Biopsy for the Histological Diagnosis of Pulmonary Nodules – Intermediate Results of the RadioLung Project |
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2023 |
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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery |
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IJCARS |
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IAM |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TGM2023 |
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3830 |
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Author |
Yael Tudela; Ana Garcia Rodriguez; Gloria Fernandez Esparrach; Jorge Bernal |
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Towards Fine-Grained Polyp Segmentation and Classification |
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Conference Article |
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2023 |
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Workshop on Clinical Image-Based Procedures |
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14242 |
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32-42 |
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Medical image segmentation; Colorectal Cancer; Vision Transformer; Classification |
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Abstract |
Colorectal cancer is one of the main causes of cancer death worldwide. Colonoscopy is the gold standard screening tool as it allows lesion detection and removal during the same procedure. During the last decades, several efforts have been made to develop CAD systems to assist clinicians in lesion detection and classification. Regarding the latter, and in order to be used in the exploration room as part of resect and discard or leave-in-situ strategies, these systems must identify correctly all different lesion types. This is a challenging task, as the data used to train these systems presents great inter-class similarity, high class imbalance, and low representation of clinically relevant histology classes such as serrated sessile adenomas.
In this paper, a new polyp segmentation and classification method, Swin-Expand, is introduced. Based on Swin-Transformer, it uses a simple and lightweight decoder. The performance of this method has been assessed on a novel dataset, comprising 1126 high-definition images representing the three main histological classes. Results show a clear improvement in both segmentation and classification performance, also achieving competitive results when tested in public datasets. These results confirm that both the method and the data are important to obtain more accurate polyp representations. |
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Vancouver; October 2023 |
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MICCAIW |
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Admin @ si @ TGF2023 |
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3837 |
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Adarsh Tiwari; Sanket Biswas; Josep Llados |
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Can Pre-trained Language Models Help in Understanding Handwritten Symbols? |
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2023 |
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17th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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14193 |
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199–211 |
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The emergence of transformer models like BERT, GPT-2, GPT-3, RoBERTa, T5 for natural language understanding tasks has opened the floodgates towards solving a wide array of machine learning tasks in other modalities like images, audio, music, sketches and so on. These language models are domain-agnostic and as a result could be applied to 1-D sequences of any kind. However, the key challenge lies in bridging the modality gap so that they could generate strong features beneficial for out-of-domain tasks. This work focuses on leveraging the power of such pre-trained language models and discusses the challenges in predicting challenging handwritten symbols and alphabets. |
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San Jose; CA; USA; August 2023 |
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Admin @ si @ TBL2023 |
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3908 |
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Patricia Suarez; Henry Velesaca; Dario Carpio; Angel Sappa |
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Corn kernel classification from few training samples |
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2023 |
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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture |
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9 |
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89-99 |
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This article presents an efficient approach to classify a set of corn kernels in contact, which may contain good, or defective kernels along with impurities. The proposed approach consists of two stages, the first one is a next-generation segmentation network, trained by using a set of synthesized images that is applied to divide the given image into a set of individual instances. An ad-hoc lightweight CNN architecture is then proposed to classify each instance into one of three categories (ie good, defective, and impurities). The segmentation network is trained using a strategy that avoids the time-consuming and human-error-prone task of manual data annotation. Regarding the classification stage, the proposed ad-hoc network is designed with only a few sets of layers to result in a lightweight architecture capable of being used in integrated solutions. Experimental results and comparisons with previous approaches showing both the improvement in accuracy and the reduction in time are provided. Finally, the segmentation and classification approach proposed can be easily adapted for use with other cereal types. |
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Admin @ si @ SVC2023 |
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3892 |
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