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Author |
Arjan Gijsenij; Theo Gevers; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Physics-based Edge Evaluation for Improved Color Constancy |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
22nd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
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Pages |
581 – 588 |
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Abstract |
Edge-based color constancy makes use of image derivatives to estimate the illuminant. However, different edge types exist in real-world images such as shadow, geometry, material and highlight edges. These different edge types may have a distinctive influence on the performance of the illuminant estimation. |
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Miami, USA |
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1063-6919 |
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978-1-4244-3992-8 |
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CVPR |
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CAT;ISE |
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no |
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CAT @ cat @ GGW2009 |
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1197 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Ferran Diego; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Automatic Ground-truthing using video registration for on-board detection algorithms |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing |
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Pages |
4389 - 4392 |
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Ground-truth data is essential for the objective evaluation of object detection methods in computer vision. Many works claim their method is robust but they support it with experiments which are not quantitatively assessed with regard some ground-truth. This is one of the main obstacles to properly evaluate and compare such methods. One of the main reasons is that creating an extensive and representative ground-truth is very time consuming, specially in the case of video sequences, where thousands of frames have to be labelled. Could such a ground-truth be generated, at least in part, automatically? Though it may seem a contradictory question, we show that this is possible for the case of video sequences recorded from a moving camera. The key idea is transferring existing frame segmentations from a reference sequence into another video sequence recorded at a different time on the same track, possibly under a different ambient lighting. We have carried out experiments on several video sequence pairs and quantitatively assessed the precision of the transformed ground-truth, which prove that our approach is not only feasible but also quite accurate. |
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Cairo, Egypt |
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ISSN |
1522-4880 |
ISBN |
978-1-4244-5653-6 |
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ICIP |
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ADAS |
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no |
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ADAS @ adas @ ADS2009 |
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1201 |
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Author |
Enric Marti; Jaume Rocarias; Ricardo Toledo; Aura Hernandez-Sabate |
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Title |
Caronte: plataforma Moodle con gestion flexible de grupos. Primeras experiencias en asignaturas de Ingenieria Informatica |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
15th Jornadas de Enseñanza Universitaria de la Informatica |
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Pages |
461–468 |
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Abstract |
En este artículo se presenta Caronte, entorno LMS (Learning Management System) basado en Moodle. Una característica importante del entorno es la gestión flexible de grupos en una asignatura. Entendemos por grupo un conjunto de alumnos que realizan un trabajo y uno de ellos entrega la actividad propuesta (práctica, encuesta, etc.) en representación del grupo. Hemos trabajado en la confección de estos grupos, implementando un sistema de inscripción por contraseña.
Caronte ofrece un conjunto de actividades basadas en este concepto de grupo: encuestas, tareas (entrega de trabajos o prácticas), encuestas de autoevaluación y cuestionarios, entre otras.
Basada en nuestra actividad de encuesta, hemos definido una actividad de Control, que permite un cierto feedback electrónico del profesor sobre la actividad de los alumnos.
Finalmente, se presenta un resumen de las experiencias de uso de Caronte sobre asignaturas de Ingeniería Informática en el curso 2007-08. |
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Barcelona, Spain |
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978-84-692-2758-9 |
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JENUI |
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Notes |
IAM;RV;ADAS |
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no |
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IAM @ iam @ MRT2009 |
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1202 |
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Author |
Francesco Ciompi; Oriol Pujol; Oriol Rodriguez-Leor; Angel Serrano; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
On in-vitro and in-vivo IVUS data fusion |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
12th International Conference of the Catalan Association for Artificial Intelligence |
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Volume |
202 |
Issue |
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Pages |
147-156 |
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The design and the validation of an automatic plaque characterization technique based on Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) usually requires a data ground-truth. The histological analysis of post-mortem coronary arteries is commonly assumed as the state-of-the-art process for the extraction of a reliable data-set of atherosclerotic plaques. Unfortunately, the amount of data provided by this technique is usually few, due to the difficulties in collecting post-mortem cases and phenomena of tissue spoiling during histological analysis. In this paper we tackle the process of fusing in-vivo and in-vitro IVUS data starting with the analysis of recently proposed approaches for the creation of an enhanced IVUS data-set; furthermore, we propose a new approach, named pLDS, based on semi-supervised learning with a data selection criterion. The enhanced data-set obtained by each one of the analyzed approaches is used to train a classifier for tissue characterization purposes. Finally, the discriminative power of each classifier is quantitatively assessed and compared by classifying a data-set of validated in-vitro IVUS data. |
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Cardona (Spain) |
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978-1-60750-061-2 |
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CCIA |
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Notes |
MILAB;HuPBA |
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no |
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Call Number |
BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ CPR2009d |
Serial |
1204 |
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Author |
Nicola Bellotto; Eric Sommerlade; Ben Benfold; Charles Bibby; I. Reid; Daniel Roth; Luc Van Gool; Carles Fernandez; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
A Distributed Camera System for Multi-Resolution Surveillance |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
3rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras |
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10.1109/ICDSC.2009.5289413 |
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We describe an architecture for a multi-camera, multi-resolution surveillance system. The aim is to support a set of distributed static and pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras and visual tracking algorithms, together with a central supervisor unit. Each camera (and possibly pan-tilt device) has a dedicated process and processor. Asynchronous interprocess communications and archiving of data are achieved in a simple and effective way via a central repository, implemented using an SQL database. Visual tracking data from static views are stored dynamically into tables in the database via client calls to the SQL server. A supervisor process running on the SQL server determines if active zoom cameras should be dispatched to observe a particular target, and this message is effected via writing demands into another database table. We show results from a real implementation of the system comprising one static camera overviewing the environment under consideration and a PTZ camera operating under closed-loop velocity control, which uses a fast and robust level-set-based region tracker. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and its feasibility to multi-camera systems for intelligent surveillance. |
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Como, Italy |
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ICDSC |
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no |
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Call Number |
ISE @ ise @ BSB2009 |
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1205 |
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Author |
Mikhail Mozerov; Ariel Amato; Xavier Roca |
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Title |
Occlusion Handling in Trinocular Stereo using Composite Disparity Space Image |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
19th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Vision |
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69–73 |
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In this paper we propose a method that smartly improves occlusion handling in stereo matching using trinocular stereo. The main idea is based on the assumption that any occluded region in a matched stereo pair (middle-left images) in general is not occluded in the opposite matched pair (middle-right images). Then two disparity space images (DSI) can be merged in one composite DSI. The proposed integration differs from the known approach that uses a cumulative cost. A dense disparity map is obtained with a global optimization algorithm using the proposed composite DSI. The experimental results are evaluated on the Middlebury data set, showing high performance of the proposed algorithm especially in the occluded regions. One of the top positions in the rank of the Middlebury website confirms the performance of our method to be competitive with the best stereo matching. |
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Moscow (Russia) |
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978-5-317-02975-3 |
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GRAPHICON |
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ISE |
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no |
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Call Number |
ISE @ ise @ MAR2009b |
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1207 |
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Author |
Pau Baiget |
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Title |
Modeling Human Behavior for Image Sequence Understanding and Generation |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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The comprehension of animal behavior, especially human behavior, is one of the most ancient and studied problems since the beginning of civilization. The big list of factors that interact to determine a person action require the collaboration of different disciplines, such as psichology, biology, or sociology. In the last years the analysis of human behavior has received great attention also from the computer vision community, given the latest advances in the acquisition of human motion data from image sequences.
Despite the increasing availability of that data, there still exists a gap towards obtaining a conceptual representation of the obtained observations. Human behavior analysis is based on a qualitative interpretation of the results, and therefore the assignment of concepts to quantitative data is linked to a certain ambiguity.
This Thesis tackles the problem of obtaining a proper representation of human behavior in the contexts of computer vision and animation. On the one hand, a good behavior model should permit the recognition and explanation the observed activity in image sequences. On the other hand, such a model must allow the generation of new synthetic instances, which model the behavior of virtual agents.
First, we propose methods to automatically learn the models from observations. Given a set of quantitative results output by a vision system, a normal behavior model is learnt. This results provides a tool to determine the normality or abnormality of future observations. However, machine learning methods are unable to provide a richer description of the observations. We confront this problem by means of a new method that incorporates prior knowledge about the enviornment and about the expected behaviors. This framework, formed by the reasoning engine FMTL and the modeling tool SGT allows the generation of conceptual descriptions of activity in new image sequences. Finally, we demonstrate the suitability of the proposed framework to simulate behavior of virtual agents, which are introduced into real image sequences and interact with observed real agents, thereby easing the generation of augmented reality sequences.
The set of approaches presented in this Thesis has a growing set of potential applications. The analysis and description of behavior in image sequences has its principal application in the domain of smart video--surveillance, in order to detect suspicious or dangerous behaviors. Other applications include automatic sport commentaries, elderly monitoring, road traffic analysis, and the development of semantic video search engines. Alternatively, behavioral virtual agents allow to simulate accurate real situations, such as fires or crowds. Moreover, the inclusion of virtual agents into real image sequences has been widely deployed in the games and cinema industries. |
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Bellaterra (Spain) |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Editor |
Jordi Gonzalez;Xavier Roca |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Bai2009 |
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1210 |
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Author |
Jordi Gonzalez; Dani Rowe; Javier Varona; Xavier Roca |
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Title |
Understanding Dynamic Scenes based on Human Sequence Evaluation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Image and Vision Computing |
Abbreviated Journal |
IMAVIS |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1433–1444 |
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Keywords |
Image Sequence Evaluation; High-level processing of monitored scenes; Segmentation and tracking in complex scenes; Event recognition in dynamic scenes; Human motion understanding; Human behaviour interpretation; Natural-language text generation; Realistic demonstrators |
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Abstract |
In this paper, a Cognitive Vision System (CVS) is presented, which explains the human behaviour of monitored scenes using natural-language texts. This cognitive analysis of human movements recorded in image sequences is here referred to as Human Sequence Evaluation (HSE) which defines a set of transformation modules involved in the automatic generation of semantic descriptions from pixel values. In essence, the trajectories of human agents are obtained to generate textual interpretations of their motion, and also to infer the conceptual relationships of each agent w.r.t. its environment. For this purpose, a human behaviour model based on Situation Graph Trees (SGTs) is considered, which permits both bottom-up (hypothesis generation) and top-down (hypothesis refinement) analysis of dynamic scenes. The resulting system prototype interprets different kinds of behaviour and reports textual descriptions in multiple languages. |
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ISE |
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no |
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ISE @ ise @ GRV2009 |
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1211 |
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Author |
Carles Fernandez; Pau Baiget; Xavier Roca; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Exploiting Natural Language Generation in Scene Interpretation |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Human–Centric Interfaces for Ambient Intelligence |
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4 |
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71–93 |
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Elsevier Science and Tech |
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ISE |
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ISE @ ise @ FBR2009 |
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1212 |
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Author |
Ivan Huerta; Michael Holte; Thomas B. Moeslund; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Detection and Removal of Chromatic Moving Shadows in Surveillance Scenarios |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
12th International Conference on Computer Vision |
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1499 - 1506 |
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Segmentation in the surveillance domain has to deal with shadows to avoid distortions when detecting moving objects. Most segmentation approaches dealing with shadow detection are typically restricted to penumbra shadows. Therefore, such techniques cannot cope well with umbra shadows. Consequently, umbra shadows are usually detected as part of moving objects. In this paper we present a novel technique based on gradient and colour models for separating chromatic moving cast shadows from detected moving objects. Firstly, both a chromatic invariant colour cone model and an invariant gradient model are built to perform automatic segmentation while detecting potential shadows. In a second step, regions corresponding to potential shadows are grouped by considering “a bluish effect” and an edge partitioning. Lastly, (i) temporal similarities between textures and (ii) spatial similarities between chrominance angle and brightness distortions are analysed for all potential shadow regions in order to finally identify umbra shadows. Unlike other approaches, our method does not make any a-priori assumptions about camera location, surface geometries, surface textures, shapes and types of shadows, objects, and background. Experimental results show the performance and accuracy of our approach in different shadowed materials and illumination conditions. |
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Kyoto, Japan |
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1550-5499 |
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978-1-4244-4420-5 |
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ICCV |
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no |
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ISE @ ise @ HHM2009 |
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1213 |
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Author |
D. Jayagopi; Bogdan Raducanu; D. Gatica-Perez |
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Title |
Characterizing conversational group dynamics using nonverbal behaviour |
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Conference Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
10th IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo |
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370–373 |
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This paper addresses the novel problem of characterizing conversational group dynamics. It is well documented in social psychology that depending on the objectives a group, the dynamics are different. For example, a competitive meeting has a different objective from that of a collaborative meeting. We propose a method to characterize group dynamics based on the joint description of a group members' aggregated acoustical nonverbal behaviour to classify two meeting datasets (one being cooperative-type and the other being competitive-type). We use 4.5 hours of real behavioural multi-party data and show that our methodology can achieve a classification rate of upto 100%. |
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New York, USA |
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1945-7871 |
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978-1-4244-4290-4 |
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ICME |
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OR;MV |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ JRG2009 |
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1217 |
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Author |
Fadi Dornaika; Bogdan Raducanu |
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Title |
Three-Dimensional Face Pose Detection and Tracking Using Monocular Videos: Tool and Application |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics part B |
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TSMCB |
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39 |
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4 |
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935–944 |
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Recently, we have proposed a real-time tracker that simultaneously tracks the 3-D head pose and facial actions in monocular video sequences that can be provided by low quality cameras. This paper has two main contributions. First, we propose an automatic 3-D face pose initialization scheme for the real-time tracker by adopting a 2-D face detector and an eigenface system. Second, we use the proposed methods-the initialization and tracking-for enhancing the human-machine interaction functionality of an AIBO robot. More precisely, we show how the orientation of the robot's camera (or any active vision system) can be controlled through the estimation of the user's head pose. Applications based on head-pose imitation such as telepresence, virtual reality, and video games can directly exploit the proposed techniques. Experiments on real videos confirm the robustness and usefulness of the proposed methods. |
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OR;MV |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ DoR2009a |
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1218 |
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Author |
Oriol Ramos Terrades; Ernest Valveny; Salvatore Tabbone |
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Title |
Optimal Classifier Fusion in a Non-Bayesian Probabilistic Framework |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
Abbreviated Journal |
TPAMI |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1630–1644 |
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Abstract |
The combination of the output of classifiers has been one of the strategies used to improve classification rates in general purpose classification systems. Some of the most common approaches can be explained using the Bayes' formula. In this paper, we tackle the problem of the combination of classifiers using a non-Bayesian probabilistic framework. This approach permits us to derive two linear combination rules that minimize misclassification rates under some constraints on the distribution of classifiers. In order to show the validity of this approach we have compared it with other popular combination rules from a theoretical viewpoint using a synthetic data set, and experimentally using two standard databases: the MNIST handwritten digit database and the GREC symbol database. Results on the synthetic data set show the validity of the theoretical approach. Indeed, results on real data show that the proposed methods outperform other common combination schemes. |
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ISSN |
0162-8828 |
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DAG |
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Call Number |
DAG @ dag @ RVT2009 |
Serial |
1220 |
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Author |
Ricard Coll; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Graphological Analysis of Handwritten Text Documents for Human Resources Recruitment |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1081–1085 |
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Abstract |
The use of graphology in recruitment processes has become a popular tool in many human resources companies. This paper presents a model that links features from handwritten images to a number of personality characteristics used to measure applicant aptitudes for the job in a particular hiring scenario. In particular we propose a model of measuring active personality and leadership of the writer. Graphological features that define such a profile are measured in terms of document and script attributes like layout configuration, letter size, shape, slant and skew angle of lines, etc. After the extraction, data is classified using a neural network. An experimental framework with real samples has been constructed to illustrate the performance of the approach. |
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Barcelona, Spain |
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ISSN |
1520-5363 |
ISBN |
978-1-4244-4500-4 |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
DAG @ dag @ CFL2009 |
Serial |
1221 |
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Author |
Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Gemma Sanchez; Horst Bunke |
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Title |
Symbol-independent writer identification in old handwritten music scores |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
In proceedings of 8th IAPR International Workshop on Graphics Recognition |
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Pages |
186–197 |
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Address |
La Rochelle, France |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0302-9743 |
ISBN |
978-3-642-13727-3 |
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GREC |
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Approved |
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Call Number |
DAG @ dag @ FLS2009a |
Serial |
1222 |
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