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Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Mireia Brunat;Steven Jansen; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta |
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Title |
Structure-preserving smoothing of biomedical images |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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44 |
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9 |
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1842-1851 |
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Non-linear smoothing; Differential geometry; Anatomical structures; segmentation; Cardiac magnetic resonance; Computerized tomography |
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Smoothing of biomedical images should preserve gray-level transitions between adjacent tissues, while restoring contours consistent with anatomical structures. Anisotropic diffusion operators are based on image appearance discontinuities (either local or contextual) and might fail at weak inter-tissue transitions. Meanwhile, the output of block-wise and morphological operations is prone to present a block structure due to the shape and size of the considered pixel neighborhood. In this contribution, we use differential geometry concepts to define a diffusion operator that restricts to image consistent level-sets. In this manner, the final state is a non-uniform intensity image presenting homogeneous inter-tissue transitions along anatomical structures, while smoothing intra-structure texture. Experiments on different types of medical images (magnetic resonance, computerized tomography) illustrate its benefit on a further process (such as segmentation) of images. |
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0031-3203 |
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IAM; ADAS |
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no |
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IAM @ iam @ GHB2011 |
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1526 |
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Author |
Oscar Argudo; Marc Comino; Antonio Chica; Carlos Andujar; Felipe Lumbreras |
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Title |
Segmentation of aerial images for plausible detail synthesis |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Computers & Graphics |
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CG |
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71 |
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23-34 |
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Keywords |
Terrain editing; Detail synthesis; Vegetation synthesis; Terrain rendering; Image segmentation |
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The visual enrichment of digital terrain models with plausible synthetic detail requires the segmentation of aerial images into a suitable collection of categories. In this paper we present a complete pipeline for segmenting high-resolution aerial images into a user-defined set of categories distinguishing e.g. terrain, sand, snow, water, and different types of vegetation. This segmentation-for-synthesis problem implies that per-pixel categories must be established according to the algorithms chosen for rendering the synthetic detail. This precludes the definition of a universal set of labels and hinders the construction of large training sets. Since artists might choose to add new categories on the fly, the whole pipeline must be robust against unbalanced datasets, and fast on both training and inference. Under these constraints, we analyze the contribution of common per-pixel descriptors, and compare the performance of state-of-the-art supervised learning algorithms. We report the findings of two user studies. The first one was conducted to analyze human accuracy when manually labeling aerial images. The second user study compares detailed terrains built using different segmentation strategies, including official land cover maps. These studies demonstrate that our approach can be used to turn digital elevation models into fully-featured, detailed terrains with minimal authoring efforts. |
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0097-8493 |
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ADAS; 600.086; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ ACC2018 |
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3147 |
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Jiaolong Xu; Sebastian Ramos; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Domain Adaptation of Deformable Part-Based Models |
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2014 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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36 |
Issue |
12 |
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2367-2380 |
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Domain Adaptation; Pedestrian Detection |
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The accuracy of object classifiers can significantly drop when the training data (source domain) and the application scenario (target domain) have inherent differences. Therefore, adapting the classifiers to the scenario in which they must operate is of paramount importance. We present novel domain adaptation (DA) methods for object detection. As proof of concept, we focus on adapting the state-of-the-art deformable part-based model (DPM) for pedestrian detection. We introduce an adaptive structural SVM (A-SSVM) that adapts a pre-learned classifier between different domains. By taking into account the inherent structure in feature space (e.g., the parts in a DPM), we propose a structure-aware A-SSVM (SA-SSVM). Neither A-SSVM nor SA-SSVM needs to revisit the source-domain training data to perform the adaptation. Rather, a low number of target-domain training examples (e.g., pedestrians) are used. To address the scenario where there are no target-domain annotated samples, we propose a self-adaptive DPM based on a self-paced learning (SPL) strategy and a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). Two types of adaptation tasks are assessed: from both synthetic pedestrians and general persons (PASCAL VOC) to pedestrians imaged from an on-board camera. Results show that our proposals avoid accuracy drops as high as 15 points when comparing adapted and non-adapted detectors. |
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0162-8828 |
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ADAS; 600.057; 600.054; 601.217; 600.076 |
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ADAS @ adas @ XRV2014b |
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2436 |
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Author |
David Geronimo; Antonio Lopez; Angel Sappa; Thorsten Graf |
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Title |
Survey on Pedestrian Detection for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems |
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2010 |
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IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
Abbreviated Journal |
TPAMI |
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32 |
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7 |
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1239–1258 |
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ADAS, pedestrian detection, on-board vision, survey |
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Advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs), and particularly pedestrian protection systems (PPSs), have become an active research area aimed at improving traffic safety. The major challenge of PPSs is the development of reliable on-board pedestrian detection systems. Due to the varying appearance of pedestrians (e.g., different clothes, changing size, aspect ratio, and dynamic shape) and the unstructured environment, it is very difficult to cope with the demanded robustness of this kind of system. Two problems arising in this research area are the lack of public benchmarks and the difficulty in reproducing many of the proposed methods, which makes it difficult to compare the approaches. As a result, surveying the literature by enumerating the proposals one-after-another is not the most useful way to provide a comparative point of view. Accordingly, we present a more convenient strategy to survey the different approaches. We divide the problem of detecting pedestrians from images into different processing steps, each with attached responsibilities. Then, the different proposed methods are analyzed and classified with respect to each processing stage, favoring a comparative viewpoint. Finally, discussion of the important topics is presented, putting special emphasis on the future needs and challenges. |
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0162-8828 |
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ADAS |
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ADAS @ adas @ GLS2010 |
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1340 |
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Author |
David Vazquez; Javier Marin; Antonio Lopez; Daniel Ponsa; David Geronimo |
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Title |
Virtual and Real World Adaptation for Pedestrian Detection |
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Year |
2014 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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36 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
797-809 |
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Keywords |
Domain Adaptation; Pedestrian Detection |
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Pedestrian detection is of paramount interest for many applications. Most promising detectors rely on discriminatively learnt classifiers, i.e., trained with annotated samples. However, the annotation step is a human intensive and subjective task worth to be minimized. By using virtual worlds we can automatically obtain precise and rich annotations. Thus, we face the question: can a pedestrian appearance model learnt in realistic virtual worlds work successfully for pedestrian detection in realworld images?. Conducted experiments show that virtual-world based training can provide excellent testing accuracy in real world, but it can also suffer the dataset shift problem as real-world based training does. Accordingly, we have designed a domain adaptation framework, V-AYLA, in which we have tested different techniques to collect a few pedestrian samples from the target domain (real world) and combine them with the many examples of the source domain (virtual world) in order to train a domain adapted pedestrian classifier that will operate in the target domain. V-AYLA reports the same detection accuracy than when training with many human-provided pedestrian annotations and testing with real-world images of the same domain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work demonstrating adaptation of virtual and real worlds for developing an object detector. |
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0162-8828 |
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ADAS; 600.057; 600.054; 600.076 |
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ADAS @ adas @ VML2014 |
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2275 |
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