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Author |
Mikkel Thogersen; Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez; Thomas B. Moeslund |
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Title |
Segmentation of RGB-D Indoor scenes by Stacking Random Forests and Conditional Random Fields |
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2016 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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80 |
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208–215 |
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This paper proposes a technique for RGB-D scene segmentation using Multi-class
Multi-scale Stacked Sequential Learning (MMSSL) paradigm. Following recent trends in state-of-the-art, a base classifier uses an initial SLIC segmentation to obtain superpixels which provide a diminution of data while retaining object boundaries. A series of color and depth features are extracted from the superpixels, and are used in a Conditional Random Field (CRF) to predict superpixel labels. Furthermore, a Random Forest (RF) classifier using random offset features is also used as an input to the CRF, acting as an initial prediction. As a stacked classifier, another Random Forest is used acting on a spatial multi-scale decomposition of the CRF confidence map to correct the erroneous labels assigned by the previous classifier. The model is tested on the popular NYU-v2 dataset.
The approach shows that simple multi-modal features with the power of the MMSSL
paradigm can achieve better performance than state of the art results on the same dataset. |
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HuPBA; ISE;MILAB; 600.098; 600.119 |
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Admin @ si @ TEG2016 |
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2843 |
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Author |
Zhengying Liu; Zhen Xu; Sergio Escalera; Isabelle Guyon; Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Meysam Madadi; Adrien Pavao; Sebastien Treguer; Wei-Wei Tu |
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Title |
Towards automated computer vision: analysis of the AutoCV challenges 2019 |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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135 |
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196-203 |
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Computer vision; AutoML; Deep learning |
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We present the results of recent challenges in Automated Computer Vision (AutoCV, renamed here for clarity AutoCV1 and AutoCV2, 2019), which are part of a series of challenge on Automated Deep Learning (AutoDL). These two competitions aim at searching for fully automated solutions for classification tasks in computer vision, with an emphasis on any-time performance. The first competition was limited to image classification while the second one included both images and videos. Our design imposed to the participants to submit their code on a challenge platform for blind testing on five datasets, both for training and testing, without any human intervention whatsoever. Winning solutions adopted deep learning techniques based on already published architectures, such as AutoAugment, MobileNet and ResNet, to reach state-of-the-art performance in the time budget of the challenge (only 20 minutes of GPU time). The novel contributions include strategies to deliver good preliminary results at any time during the learning process, such that a method can be stopped early and still deliver good performance. This feature is key for the adoption of such techniques by data analysts desiring to obtain rapidly preliminary results on large datasets and to speed up the development process. The soundness of our design was verified in several aspects: (1) Little overfitting of the on-line leaderboard providing feedback on 5 development datasets was observed, compared to the final blind testing on the 5 (separate) final test datasets, suggesting that winning solutions might generalize to other computer vision classification tasks; (2) Error bars on the winners’ performance allow us to say with confident that they performed significantly better than the baseline solutions we provided; (3) The ranking of participants according to the any-time metric we designed, namely the Area under the Learning Curve, was different from that of the fixed-time metric, i.e. AUC at the end of the fixed time budget. We released all winning solutions under open-source licenses. At the end of the AutoDL challenge series, all data of the challenge will be made publicly available, thus providing a collection of uniformly formatted datasets, which can serve to conduct further research, particularly on meta-learning. |
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HuPBA; no proj |
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Admin @ si @ LXE2020 |
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3427 |
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Oriol Pujol; Sergio Escalera; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
An Incremental Node Embedding Technique for Error Correcting Output Codes |
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2008 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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41 |
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2 |
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713–725 |
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MILAB;HuPBA |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ PER2008 |
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942 |
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Author |
Carlo Gatta; Eloi Puertas; Oriol Pujol |
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Title |
Multi-Scale Stacked Sequential Learning |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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44 |
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10-11 |
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2414-2416 |
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Stacked sequential learning; Multiscale; Multiresolution; Contextual classification |
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One of the most widely used assumptions in supervised learning is that data is independent and identically distributed. This assumption does not hold true in many real cases. Sequential learning is the discipline of machine learning that deals with dependent data such that neighboring examples exhibit some kind of relationship. In the literature, there are different approaches that try to capture and exploit this correlation, by means of different methodologies. In this paper we focus on meta-learning strategies and, in particular, the stacked sequential learning approach. The main contribution of this work is two-fold: first, we generalize the stacked sequential learning. This generalization reflects the key role of neighboring interactions modeling. Second, we propose an effective and efficient way of capturing and exploiting sequential correlations that takes into account long-range interactions by means of a multi-scale pyramidal decomposition of the predicted labels. Additionally, this new method subsumes the standard stacked sequential learning approach. We tested the proposed method on two different classification tasks: text lines classification in a FAQ data set and image classification. Results on these tasks clearly show that our approach outperforms the standard stacked sequential learning. Moreover, we show that the proposed method allows to control the trade-off between the detail and the desired range of the interactions. |
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Elsevier |
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MILAB;HuPBA |
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Admin @ si @ GPP2011 |
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1802 |
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Author |
Laura Igual; Xavier Perez Sala; Sergio Escalera; Cecilio Angulo; Fernando De la Torre |
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Title |
Continuous Generalized Procrustes Analysis |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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47 |
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2 |
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659–671 |
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Procrustes analysis; 2D shape model; Continuous approach |
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PR4883, PII: S0031-3203(13)00327-0
Two-dimensional shape models have been successfully applied to solve many problems in computer vision, such as object tracking, recognition, and segmentation. Typically, 2D shape models are learned from a discrete set of image landmarks (corresponding to projection of 3D points of an object), after applying Generalized Procustes Analysis (GPA) to remove 2D rigid transformations. However, the
standard GPA process suffers from three main limitations. Firstly, the 2D training samples do not necessarily cover a uniform sampling of all the 3D transformations of an object. This can bias the estimate of the shape model. Secondly, it can be computationally expensive to learn the shape model by sampling 3D transformations. Thirdly, standard GPA methods use only one reference shape, which can might be insufficient to capture large structural variability of some objects.
To address these drawbacks, this paper proposes continuous generalized Procrustes analysis (CGPA).
CGPA uses a continuous formulation that avoids the need to generate 2D projections from all the rigid 3D transformations. It builds an efficient (in space and time) non-biased 2D shape model from a set of 3D model of objects. A major challenge in CGPA is the need to integrate over the space of 3D rotations, especially when the rotations are parameterized with Euler angles. To address this problem, we introduce the use of the Haar measure. Finally, we extended CGPA to incorporate several reference shapes. Experimental results on synthetic and real experiments show the benefits of CGPA over GPA. |
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OR; HuPBA; 605.203; 600.046;MILAB |
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Admin @ si @ IPE2014 |
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2352 |
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