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Author |
Sophie Wuerger; Kaida Xiao; Chenyang Fu; Dimosthenis Karatzas |

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Title |
Colour-opponent mechanisms are not affected by age-related chromatic sensitivity changes |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics |
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OPO |
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30 |
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5 |
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635-659 |
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The purpose of this study was to assess whether age-related chromatic sensitivity changes are associated with corresponding changes in hue perception in a large sample of colour-normal observers over a wide age range (n = 185; age range: 18-75 years). In these observers we determined both the sensitivity along the protan, deutan and tritan line; and settings for the four unique hues, from which the characteristics of the higher-order colour mechanisms can be derived. We found a significant decrease in chromatic sensitivity due to ageing, in particular along the tritan line. From the unique hue settings we derived the cone weightings associated with the colour mechanisms that are at equilibrium for the four unique hues. We found that the relative cone weightings (w(L) /w(M) and w(L) /w(S)) associated with the unique hues were independent of age. Our results are consistent with previous findings that the unique hues are rather constant with age while chromatic sensitivity declines. They also provide evidence in favour of the hypothesis that higher-order colour mechanisms are equipped with flexible cone weightings, as opposed to fixed weights. The mechanism underlying this compensation is still poorly understood. |
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DAG; IF: 1.259 |
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Admin @ si @ WXF2010 |
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1826 |
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Author |
Andres Mafla; Sounak Dey; Ali Furkan Biten; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |


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Title |
Multi-modal reasoning graph for scene-text based fine-grained image classification and retrieval |
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2021 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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4022-4032 |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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WACV |
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DAG; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ MDB2021 |
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3491 |
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Author |
Andres Mafla; Rafael S. Rezende; Lluis Gomez; Diana Larlus; Dimosthenis Karatzas |


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Title |
StacMR: Scene-Text Aware Cross-Modal Retrieval |
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2021 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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2219-2229 |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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DAG; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ MRG2021a |
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3492 |
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Author |
Sergio Escalera; Alicia Fornes; Oriol Pujol; Josep Llados; Petia Radeva |

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Title |
Circular Blurred Shape Model for Multiclass Symbol Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (Part B) (IEEE) |
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TSMCB |
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41 |
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2 |
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497-506 |
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In this paper, we propose a circular blurred shape model descriptor to deal with the problem of symbol detection and classification as a particular case of object recognition. The feature extraction is performed by capturing the spatial arrangement of significant object characteristics in a correlogram structure. The shape information from objects is shared among correlogram regions, where a prior blurring degree defines the level of distortion allowed in the symbol, making the descriptor tolerant to irregular deformations. Moreover, the descriptor is rotation invariant by definition. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed descriptor in both the multiclass symbol recognition and symbol detection domains. In order to perform the symbol detection, the descriptors are learned using a cascade of classifiers. In the case of multiclass categorization, the new feature space is learned using a set of binary classifiers which are embedded in an error-correcting output code design. The results over four symbol data sets show the significant improvements of the proposed descriptor compared to the state-of-the-art descriptors. In particular, the results are even more significant in those cases where the symbols suffer from elastic deformations. |
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1083-4419 |
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MILAB; DAG;HuPBA |
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Admin @ si @ EFP2011 |
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1784 |
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Author |
Jon Almazan; Albert Gordo; Alicia Fornes; Ernest Valveny |

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Title |
Word Spotting and Recognition with Embedded Attributes |
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2014 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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36 |
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12 |
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2552 - 2566 |
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This article addresses the problems of word spotting and word recognition on images. In word spotting, the goal is to find all instances of a query word in a dataset of images. In recognition, the goal is to recognize the content of the word image, usually aided by a dictionary or lexicon. We describe an approach in which both word images and text strings are embedded in a common vectorial subspace. This is achieved by a combination of label embedding and attributes learning, and a common subspace regression. In this subspace, images and strings that represent the same word are close together, allowing one to cast recognition and retrieval tasks as a nearest neighbor problem. Contrary to most other existing methods, our representation has a fixed length, is low dimensional, and is very fast to compute and, especially, to compare. We test our approach on four public datasets of both handwritten documents and natural images showing results comparable or better than the state-of-the-art on spotting and recognition tasks. |
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0162-8828 |
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DAG; 600.056; 600.045; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ AGF2014a |
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2483 |
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Author |
Albert Gordo; Florent Perronnin; Yunchao Gong; Svetlana Lazebnik |


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Title |
Asymmetric Distances for Binary Embeddings |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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36 |
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1 |
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33-47 |
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In large-scale query-by-example retrieval, embedding image signatures in a binary space offers two benefits: data compression and search efficiency. While most embedding algorithms binarize both query and database signatures, it has been noted that this is not strictly a requirement. Indeed, asymmetric schemes which binarize the database signatures but not the query still enjoy the same two benefits but may provide superior accuracy. In this work, we propose two general asymmetric distances which are applicable to a wide variety of embedding techniques including Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH), Locality Sensitive Binary Codes (LSBC), Spectral Hashing (SH), PCA Embedding (PCAE), PCA Embedding with random rotations (PCAE-RR), and PCA Embedding with iterative quantization (PCAE-ITQ). We experiment on four public benchmarks containing up to 1M images and show that the proposed asymmetric distances consistently lead to large improvements over the symmetric Hamming distance for all binary embedding techniques. |
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0162-8828 |
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DAG; 600.045; 605.203; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ GPG2014 |
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2272 |
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Author |
Yunchao Gong; Svetlana Lazebnik; Albert Gordo; Florent Perronnin |


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Title |
Iterative quantization: A procrustean approach to learning binary codes for Large-Scale Image Retrieval |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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35 |
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12 |
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2916-2929 |
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This paper addresses the problem of learning similarity-preserving binary codes for efficient similarity search in large-scale image collections. We formulate this problem in terms of finding a rotation of zero-centered data so as to minimize the quantization error of mapping this data to the vertices of a zero-centered binary hypercube, and propose a simple and efficient alternating minimization algorithm to accomplish this task. This algorithm, dubbed iterative quantization (ITQ), has connections to multi-class spectral clustering and to the orthogonal Procrustes problem, and it can be used both with unsupervised data embeddings such as PCA and supervised embeddings such as canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The resulting binary codes significantly outperform several other state-of-the-art methods. We also show that further performance improvements can result from transforming the data with a nonlinear kernel mapping prior to PCA or CCA. Finally, we demonstrate an application of ITQ to learning binary attributes or “classemes” on the ImageNet dataset. |
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0162-8828 |
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978-1-4577-0394-2 |
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DAG |
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Admin @ si @ GLG 2012b |
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2008 |
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Author |
Oriol Ramos Terrades; Ernest Valveny; Salvatore Tabbone |

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Title |
Optimal Classifier Fusion in a Non-Bayesian Probabilistic Framework |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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31 |
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9 |
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1630–1644 |
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The combination of the output of classifiers has been one of the strategies used to improve classification rates in general purpose classification systems. Some of the most common approaches can be explained using the Bayes' formula. In this paper, we tackle the problem of the combination of classifiers using a non-Bayesian probabilistic framework. This approach permits us to derive two linear combination rules that minimize misclassification rates under some constraints on the distribution of classifiers. In order to show the validity of this approach we have compared it with other popular combination rules from a theoretical viewpoint using a synthetic data set, and experimentally using two standard databases: the MNIST handwritten digit database and the GREC symbol database. Results on the synthetic data set show the validity of the theoretical approach. Indeed, results on real data show that the proposed methods outperform other common combination schemes. |
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0162-8828 |
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DAG |
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DAG @ dag @ RVT2009 |
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1220 |
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Author |
Anjan Dutta; Hichem Sahbi |


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Title |
Stochastic Graphlet Embedding |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems |
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TNNLS |
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1-14 |
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Stochastic graphlets; Graph embedding; Graph classification; Graph hashing; Betweenness centrality |
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Graph-based methods are known to be successful in many machine learning and pattern classification tasks. These methods consider semi-structured data as graphs where nodes correspond to primitives (parts, interest points, segments,
etc.) and edges characterize the relationships between these primitives. However, these non-vectorial graph data cannot be straightforwardly plugged into off-the-shelf machine learning algorithms without a preliminary step of – explicit/implicit –graph vectorization and embedding. This embedding process
should be resilient to intra-class graph variations while being highly discriminant. In this paper, we propose a novel high-order stochastic graphlet embedding (SGE) that maps graphs into vector spaces. Our main contribution includes a new stochastic search procedure that efficiently parses a given graph and extracts/samples unlimitedly high-order graphlets. We consider
these graphlets, with increasing orders, to model local primitives as well as their increasingly complex interactions. In order to build our graph representation, we measure the distribution of these graphlets into a given graph, using particular hash functions that efficiently assign sampled graphlets into isomorphic sets with a very low probability of collision. When
combined with maximum margin classifiers, these graphlet-based representations have positive impact on the performance of pattern comparison and recognition as corroborated through extensive experiments using standard benchmark databases. |
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DAG; 602.167; 602.168; 600.097; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ DuS2018 |
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3225 |
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Author |
Carlos Boned Riera; Oriol Ramos Terrades |

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Title |
Discriminative Neural Variational Model for Unbalanced Classification Tasks in Knowledge Graph |
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2022 |
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26th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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2186-2191 |
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Measurement; Couplings; Semantics; Ear; Benchmark testing; Data models; Pattern recognition |
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Nowadays the paradigm of link discovery problems has shown significant improvements on Knowledge Graphs. However, method performances are harmed by the unbalanced nature of this classification problem, since many methods are easily biased to not find proper links. In this paper we present a discriminative neural variational auto-encoder model, called DNVAE from now on, in which we have introduced latent variables to serve as embedding vectors. As a result, the learnt generative model approximate better the underlying distribution and, at the same time, it better differentiate the type of relations in the knowledge graph. We have evaluated this approach on benchmark knowledge graph and Census records. Results in this last data set are quite impressive since we reach the highest possible score in the evaluation metrics. However, further experiments are still needed to deeper evaluate the performance of the method in more challenging tasks. |
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Montreal; Quebec; Canada; August 2022 |
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ICPR |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.162 |
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Admin @ si @ BoR2022 |
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3741 |
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