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Author |
Jon Almazan; Albert Gordo; Alicia Fornes; Ernest Valveny |
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Title |
Word Spotting and Recognition with Embedded Attributes |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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TPAMI |
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36 |
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12 |
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2552 - 2566 |
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This article addresses the problems of word spotting and word recognition on images. In word spotting, the goal is to find all instances of a query word in a dataset of images. In recognition, the goal is to recognize the content of the word image, usually aided by a dictionary or lexicon. We describe an approach in which both word images and text strings are embedded in a common vectorial subspace. This is achieved by a combination of label embedding and attributes learning, and a common subspace regression. In this subspace, images and strings that represent the same word are close together, allowing one to cast recognition and retrieval tasks as a nearest neighbor problem. Contrary to most other existing methods, our representation has a fixed length, is low dimensional, and is very fast to compute and, especially, to compare. We test our approach on four public datasets of both handwritten documents and natural images showing results comparable or better than the state-of-the-art on spotting and recognition tasks. |
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0162-8828 |
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DAG; 600.056; 600.045; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ AGF2014a |
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2483 |
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Author |
Alicia Fornes; Gemma Sanchez |
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Title |
Analysis and Recognition of Music Scores |
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2014 |
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Handbook of Document Image Processing and Recognition |
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E |
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749-774 |
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The analysis and recognition of music scores has attracted the interest of researchers for decades. Optical Music Recognition (OMR) is a classical research field of Document Image Analysis and Recognition (DIAR), whose aim is to extract information from music scores. Music scores contain both graphical and textual information, and for this reason, techniques are closely related to graphics recognition and text recognition. Since music scores use a particular diagrammatic notation that follow the rules of music theory, many approaches make use of context information to guide the recognition and solve ambiguities. This chapter overviews the main Optical Music Recognition (OMR) approaches. Firstly, the different methods are grouped according to the OMR stages, namely, staff removal, music symbol recognition, and syntactical analysis. Secondly, specific approaches for old and handwritten music scores are reviewed. Finally, online approaches and commercial systems are also commented. |
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Springer London |
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D. Doermann; K. Tombre |
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978-0-85729-860-7 |
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DAG; ADAS; 600.076; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ FoS2014 |
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2484 |
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Author |
Jon Almazan; Albert Gordo; Alicia Fornes; Ernest Valveny |
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Title |
Segmentation-free Word Spotting with Exemplar SVMs |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
PR |
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47 |
Issue |
12 |
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3967–3978 |
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Word spotting; Segmentation-free; Unsupervised learning; Reranking; Query expansion; Compression |
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In this paper we propose an unsupervised segmentation-free method for word spotting in document images. Documents are represented with a grid of HOG descriptors, and a sliding-window approach is used to locate the document regions that are most similar to the query. We use the Exemplar SVM framework to produce a better representation of the query in an unsupervised way. Then, we use a more discriminative representation based on Fisher Vector to rerank the best regions retrieved, and the most promising ones are used to expand the Exemplar SVM training set and improve the query representation. Finally, the document descriptors are precomputed and compressed with Product Quantization. This offers two advantages: first, a large number of documents can be kept in RAM memory at the same time. Second, the sliding window becomes significantly faster since distances between quantized HOG descriptors can be precomputed. Our results significantly outperform other segmentation-free methods in the literature, both in accuracy and in speed and memory usage. |
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DAG; 600.045; 600.056; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ AGF2014b |
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2485 |
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Author |
Dimosthenis Karatzas; Sergi Robles; Lluis Gomez |
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Title |
An on-line platform for ground truthing and performance evaluation of text extraction systems |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
Publication |
11th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis and Systems |
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242 - 246 |
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This paper presents a set of on-line software tools for creating ground truth and calculating performance evaluation metrics for text extraction tasks such as localization, segmentation and recognition. The platform supports the definition of comprehensive ground truth information at different text representation levels while it offers centralised management and quality control of the ground truthing effort. It implements a range of state of the art performance evaluation algorithms and offers functionality for the definition of evaluation scenarios, on-line calculation of various performance metrics and visualisation of the results. The
presented platform, which comprises the backbone of the ICDAR 2011 (challenge 1) and 2013 (challenges 1 and 2) Robust Reading competitions, is now made available for public use. |
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Tours; Francia; April 2014 |
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978-1-4799-3243-6 |
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DAS |
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DAG; 600.056; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ KRG2014 |
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2491 |
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Author |
Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
MSER-based Real-Time Text Detection and Tracking |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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3110 - 3115 |
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We present a hybrid algorithm for detection and tracking of text in natural scenes that goes beyond the fulldetection approaches in terms of time performance optimization.
A state-of-the-art scene text detection module based on Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSER) is used to detect text asynchronously, while on a separate thread detected text objects are tracked by MSER propagation. The cooperation of these two modules yields real time video processing at high frame rates even on low-resource devices. |
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Stockholm; August 2014 |
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1051-4651 |
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ICPR |
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DAG; 600.056; 601.158; 601.197; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ GoK2014a |
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2492 |
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Author |
Hongxing Gao; Marçal Rusiñol; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Fast Structural Matching for Document Image Retrieval through Spatial Databases |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
Publication |
Document Recognition and Retrieval XXI |
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9021 |
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Document image retrieval; distance transform; MSER; spatial database |
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The structure of document images plays a signi cant role in document analysis thus considerable e orts have been made towards extracting and understanding document structure, usually in the form of layout analysis approaches. In this paper, we rst employ Distance Transform based MSER (DTMSER) to eciently extract stable document structural elements in terms of a dendrogram of key-regions. Then a fast structural matching method is proposed to query the structure of document (dendrogram) based on a spatial database which facilitates the formulation of advanced spatial queries. The experiments demonstrate a signi cant improvement in a document retrieval scenario when compared to the use of typical Bag of Words (BoW) and pyramidal BoW descriptors. |
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Amsterdam; September 2014 |
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SPIE-DRR |
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DAG; 600.056; 600.061; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ GRK2014a |
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2496 |
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Hongxing Gao; Marçal Rusiñol; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Josep Llados |
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Title |
Embedding Document Structure to Bag-of-Words through Pair-wise Stable Key-regions |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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2903 - 2908 |
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Since the document structure carries valuable discriminative information, plenty of efforts have been made for extracting and understanding document structure among which layout analysis approaches are the most commonly used. In this paper, Distance Transform based MSER (DTMSER) is employed to efficiently extract the document structure as a dendrogram of key-regions which roughly correspond to structural elements such as characters, words and paragraphs. Inspired by the Bag
of Words (BoW) framework, we propose an efficient method for structural document matching by representing the document image as a histogram of key-region pairs encoding structural relationships.
Applied to the scenario of document image retrieval, experimental results demonstrate a remarkable improvement when comparing the proposed method with typical BoW and pyramidal BoW methods. |
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Stockholm; Sweden; August 2014 |
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DAG; 600.056; 600.061; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ GRK2014b |
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2497 |
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Author |
Joan M. Nuñez; Jorge Bernal; Miquel Ferrer; Fernando Vilariño |
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Title |
Impact of Keypoint Detection on Graph-based Characterization of Blood Vessels in Colonoscopy Videos |
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2014 |
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CARE workshop |
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Colonoscopy; Graph Matching; Biometrics; Vessel; Intersection |
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We explore the potential of the use of blood vessels as anatomical landmarks for developing image registration methods in colonoscopy images. An unequivocal representation of blood vessels could be used to guide follow-up methods to track lesions over different interventions. We propose a graph-based representation to characterize network structures, such as blood vessels, based on the use of intersections and endpoints. We present a study consisting of the assessment of the minimal performance a keypoint detector should achieve so that the structure can still be recognized. Experimental results prove that, even by achieving a loss of 35% of the keypoints, the descriptive power of the associated graphs to the vessel pattern is still high enough to recognize blood vessels. |
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Boston; USA; September 2014 |
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CARE |
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MV; DAG; 600.060; 600.047; 600.077;SIAI |
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Admin @ si @ NBF2014 |
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2504 |
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C. Alejandro Parraga; Jordi Roca; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Sophie Wuerger |
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Limitations of visual gamma corrections in LCD displays |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Displays |
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Dis |
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35 |
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5 |
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227–239 |
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Display calibration; Psychophysics; Perceptual; Visual gamma correction; Luminance matching; Observer-based calibration |
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A method for estimating the non-linear gamma transfer function of liquid–crystal displays (LCDs) without the need of a photometric measurement device was described by Xiao et al. (2011) [1]. It relies on observer’s judgments of visual luminance by presenting eight half-tone patterns with luminances from 1/9 to 8/9 of the maximum value of each colour channel. These half-tone patterns were distributed over the screen both over the vertical and horizontal viewing axes. We conducted a series of photometric and psychophysical measurements (consisting in the simultaneous presentation of half-tone patterns in each trial) to evaluate whether the angular dependency of the light generated by three different LCD technologies would bias the results of these gamma transfer function estimations. Our results show that there are significant differences between the gamma transfer functions measured and produced by observers at different viewing angles. We suggest appropriate modifications to the Xiao et al. paradigm to counterbalance these artefacts which also have the advantage of shortening the amount of time spent in collecting the psychophysical measurements. |
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CIC; DAG; 600.052; 600.077; 600.074 |
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Admin @ si @ PRK2014 |
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2511 |
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Author |
P. Wang; V. Eglin; C. Garcia; C. Largeron; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes |
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Title |
A Coarse-to-Fine Word Spotting Approach for Historical Handwritten Documents Based on Graph Embedding and Graph Edit Distance |
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2014 |
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22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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3074 - 3079 |
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word spotting; coarse-to-fine mechamism; graphbased representation; graph embedding; graph edit distance |
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Effective information retrieval on handwritten document images has always been a challenging task, especially historical ones. In the paper, we propose a coarse-to-fine handwritten word spotting approach based on graph representation. The presented model comprises both the topological and morphological signatures of the handwriting. Skeleton-based graphs with the Shape Context labelled vertexes are established for connected components. Each word image is represented as a sequence of graphs. Aiming at developing a practical and efficient word spotting approach for large-scale historical handwritten documents, a fast and coarse comparison is first applied to prune the regions that are not similar to the query based on the graph embedding methodology. Afterwards, the query and regions of interest are compared by graph edit distance based on the Dynamic Time Warping alignment. The proposed approach is evaluated on a public dataset containing 50 pages of historical marriage license records. The results show that the proposed approach achieves a compromise between efficiency and accuracy. |
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Stockholm; Sweden; August 2014 |
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1051-4651 |
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DAG; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 |
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Admin @ si @ WEG2014a |
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2515 |
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