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Author |
Hannes Mueller; Andre Groeger; Jonathan Hersh; Andrea Matranga; Joan Serrat |
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Title |
Monitoring war destruction from space using machine learning |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
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PNAS |
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118 |
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23 |
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e2025400118 |
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Existing data on building destruction in conflict zones rely on eyewitness reports or manual detection, which makes it generally scarce, incomplete, and potentially biased. This lack of reliable data imposes severe limitations for media reporting, humanitarian relief efforts, human-rights monitoring, reconstruction initiatives, and academic studies of violent conflict. This article introduces an automated method of measuring destruction in high-resolution satellite images using deep-learning techniques combined with label augmentation and spatial and temporal smoothing, which exploit the underlying spatial and temporal structure of destruction. As a proof of concept, we apply this method to the Syrian civil war and reconstruct the evolution of damage in major cities across the country. Our approach allows generating destruction data with unprecedented scope, resolution, and frequency—and makes use of the ever-higher frequency at which satellite imagery becomes available. |
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ADAS; 600.118 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ MGH2021 |
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3584 |
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Author |
Idoia Ruiz; Joan Serrat |
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Title |
Hierarchical Novelty Detection for Traffic Sign Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Sensors |
Abbreviated Journal |
SENS |
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22 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
4389 |
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Keywords |
Novelty detection; hierarchical classification; deep learning; traffic sign recognition; autonomous driving; computer vision |
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Recent works have made significant progress in novelty detection, i.e., the problem of detecting samples of novel classes, never seen during training, while classifying those that belong to known classes. However, the only information this task provides about novel samples is that they are unknown. In this work, we leverage hierarchical taxonomies of classes to provide informative outputs for samples of novel classes. We predict their closest class in the taxonomy, i.e., its parent class. We address this problem, known as hierarchical novelty detection, by proposing a novel loss, namely Hierarchical Cosine Loss that is designed to learn class prototypes along with an embedding of discriminative features consistent with the taxonomy. We apply it to traffic sign recognition, where we predict the parent class semantics for new types of traffic signs. Our model beats state-of-the art approaches on two large scale traffic sign benchmarks, Mapillary Traffic Sign Dataset (MTSD) and Tsinghua-Tencent 100K (TT100K), and performs similarly on natural images benchmarks (AWA2, CUB). For TT100K and MTSD, our approach is able to detect novel samples at the correct nodes of the hierarchy with 81% and 36% of accuracy, respectively, at 80% known class accuracy. |
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ADAS; 600.154 |
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Admin @ si @ RuS2022 |
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3684 |
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Author |
Jose Luis Gomez; Gabriel Villalonga; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Co-Training for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Semantic Segmentation Models |
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2023 |
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Sensors – Special Issue on “Machine Learning for Autonomous Driving Perception and Prediction” |
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SENS |
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23 |
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2 |
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621 |
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Domain adaptation; semi-supervised learning; Semantic segmentation; Autonomous driving |
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Semantic image segmentation is a central and challenging task in autonomous driving, addressed by training deep models. Since this training draws to a curse of human-based image labeling, using synthetic images with automatically generated labels together with unlabeled real-world images is a promising alternative. This implies to address an unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) problem. In this paper, we propose a new co-training procedure for synth-to-real UDA of semantic
segmentation models. It consists of a self-training stage, which provides two domain-adapted models, and a model collaboration loop for the mutual improvement of these two models. These models are then used to provide the final semantic segmentation labels (pseudo-labels) for the real-world images. The overall
procedure treats the deep models as black boxes and drives their collaboration at the level of pseudo-labeled target images, i.e., neither modifying loss functions is required, nor explicit feature alignment. We test our proposal on standard synthetic and real-world datasets for on-board semantic segmentation. Our
procedure shows improvements ranging from ∼13 to ∼26 mIoU points over baselines, so establishing new state-of-the-art results. |
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ADAS; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ GVL2023 |
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3705 |
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Author |
Gemma Rotger; Francesc Moreno-Noguer; Felipe Lumbreras; Antonio Agudo |
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Title |
Detailed 3D face reconstruction from a single RGB image |
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2019 |
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Journal of WSCG |
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JWSCG |
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27 |
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2 |
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103-112 |
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3D Wrinkle Reconstruction; Face Analysis, Optimization. |
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This paper introduces a method to obtain a detailed 3D reconstruction of facial skin from a single RGB image.
To this end, we propose the exclusive use of an input image without requiring any information about the observed material nor training data to model the wrinkle properties. They are detected and characterized directly from the image via a simple and effective parametric model, determining several features such as location, orientation, width, and height. With these ingredients, we propose to minimize a photometric error to retrieve the final detailed 3D map, which is initialized by current techniques based on deep learning. In contrast with other approaches, we only require estimating a depth parameter, making our approach fast and intuitive. Extensive experimental evaluation is presented in a wide variety of synthetic and real images, including different skin properties and facial
expressions. In all cases, our method outperforms the current approaches regarding 3D reconstruction accuracy, providing striking results for both large and fine wrinkles. |
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2019/11 |
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ADAS; 600.086; 600.130; 600.122 |
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Admin @ si @ |
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3708 |
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Author |
Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Jose Elias Yauri; Pau Folch; Miquel Angel Piera; Debora Gil |
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Title |
Recognition of the Mental Workloads of Pilots in the Cockpit Using EEG Signals |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
Publication |
Applied Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
APPLSCI |
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12 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
2298 |
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Cognitive states; Mental workload; EEG analysis; Neural networks; Multimodal data fusion |
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The commercial flightdeck is a naturally multi-tasking work environment, one in which interruptions are frequent come in various forms, contributing in many cases to aviation incident reports. Automatic characterization of pilots’ workloads is essential to preventing these kind of incidents. In addition, minimizing the physiological sensor network as much as possible remains both a challenge and a requirement. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have shown high correlations with specific cognitive and mental states, such as workload. However, there is not enough evidence in the literature to validate how well models generalize in cases of new subjects performing tasks with workloads similar to the ones included during the model’s training. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network to classify EEG features across different mental workloads in a continuous performance task test that partly measures working memory and working memory capacity. Our model is valid at the general population level and it is able to transfer task learning to pilot mental workload recognition in a simulated operational environment. |
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February 2022 |
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IAM; ADAS; 600.139; 600.145; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ HYF2022 |
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3720 |
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Author |
Sergio Vera; Debora Gil; Antonio Lopez; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester |
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Title |
Multilocal Creaseness Measure |
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2012 |
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The Insight Journal |
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IJ |
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Ridges, Valley, Creaseness, Structure Tensor, Skeleton, |
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This document describes the implementation using the Insight Toolkit of an algorithm for detecting creases (ridges and valleys) in N-dimensional images, based on the Local Structure Tensor of the image. In addition to the filter used to calculate the creaseness image, a filter for the computation of the structure tensor is also included in this submission. |
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Alma IT Systems |
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english |
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english |
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IAM;ADAS; |
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IAM @ iam @ VGL2012 |
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1840 |
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