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Idoia Ruiz; Lorenzo Porzi; Samuel Rota Bulo; Peter Kontschieder; Joan Serrat |
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Title |
Weakly Supervised Multi-Object Tracking and Segmentation |
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Conference Article |
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2021 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision Workshops |
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125-133 |
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We introduce the problem of weakly supervised MultiObject Tracking and Segmentation, i.e. joint weakly supervised instance segmentation and multi-object tracking, in which we do not provide any kind of mask annotation.
To address it, we design a novel synergistic training strategy by taking advantage of multi-task learning, i.e. classification and tracking tasks guide the training of the unsupervised instance segmentation. For that purpose, we extract weak foreground localization information, provided by
Grad-CAM heatmaps, to generate a partial ground truth to learn from. Additionally, RGB image level information is employed to refine the mask prediction at the edges of the
objects. We evaluate our method on KITTI MOTS, the most representative benchmark for this task, reducing the performance gap on the MOTSP metric between the fully supervised and weakly supervised approach to just 12% and 12.7 % for cars and pedestrians, respectively. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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ADAS; 600.118; 600.124 |
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Admin @ si @ RPR2021 |
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3548 |
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Author |
Idoia Ruiz; Joan Serrat |
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Title |
Rank-based ordinal classification |
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2020 |
Publication |
25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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8069-8076 |
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Differently from the regular classification task, in ordinal classification there is an order in the classes. As a consequence not all classification errors matter the same: a predicted class close to the groundtruth one is better than predicting a farther away class. To account for this, most previous works employ loss functions based on the absolute difference between the predicted and groundtruth class labels. We argue that there are many cases in ordinal classification where label values are arbitrary (for instance 1. . . C, being C the number of classes) and thus such loss functions may not be the best choice. We instead propose a network architecture that produces not a single class prediction but an ordered vector, or ranking, of all the possible classes from most to least likely. This is thanks to a loss function that compares groundtruth and predicted rankings of these class labels, not the labels themselves. Another advantage of this new formulation is that we can enforce consistency in the predictions, namely, predicted rankings come from some unimodal vector of scores with mode at the groundtruth class. We compare with the state of the art ordinal classification methods, showing
that ours attains equal or better performance, as measured by common ordinal classification metrics, on three benchmark datasets. Furthermore, it is also suitable for a new task on image aesthetics assessment, i.e. most voted score prediction. Finally, we also apply it to building damage assessment from satellite images, providing an analysis of its performance depending on the degree of imbalance of the dataset. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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ICPR |
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ADAS; 600.118; 600.124 |
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Admin @ si @ RuS2020 |
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3549 |
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Author |
Yi Xiao; Felipe Codevilla; Diego Porres; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Scaling Vision-Based End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Multi-View Attention Learning |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems |
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On end-to-end driving, human driving demonstrations are used to train perception-based driving models by imitation learning. This process is supervised on vehicle signals (e.g., steering angle, acceleration) but does not require extra costly supervision (human labeling of sensor data). As a representative of such vision-based end-to-end driving models, CILRS is commonly used as a baseline to compare with new driving models. So far, some latest models achieve better performance than CILRS by using expensive sensor suites and/or by using large amounts of human-labeled data for training. Given the difference in performance, one may think that it is not worth pursuing vision-based pure end-to-end driving. However, we argue that this approach still has great value and potential considering cost and maintenance. In this paper, we present CIL++, which improves on CILRS by both processing higher-resolution images using a human-inspired HFOV as an inductive bias and incorporating a proper attention mechanism. CIL++ achieves competitive performance compared to models which are more costly to develop. We propose to replace CILRS with CIL++ as a strong vision-based pure end-to-end driving baseline supervised by only vehicle signals and trained by conditional imitation learning. |
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Detroit; USA; October 2023 |
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IROS |
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ADAS |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ XCP2023 |
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3930 |
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Author |
Gemma Rotger; Francesc Moreno-Noguer; Felipe Lumbreras; Antonio Agudo |
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Title |
Single view facial hair 3D reconstruction |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
9th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
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11867 |
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423-436 |
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3D Vision; Shape Reconstruction; Facial Hair Modeling |
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n this work, we introduce a novel energy-based framework that addresses the challenging problem of 3D reconstruction of facial hair from a single RGB image. To this end, we identify hair pixels over the image via texture analysis and then determine individual hair fibers that are modeled by means of a parametric hair model based on 3D helixes. We propose to minimize an energy composed of several terms, in order to adapt the hair parameters that better fit the image detections. The final hairs respond to the resulting fibers after a post-processing step where we encourage further realism. The resulting approach generates realistic facial hair fibers from solely an RGB image without assuming any training data nor user interaction. We provide an experimental evaluation on real-world pictures where several facial hair styles and image conditions are observed, showing consistent results and establishing a comparison with respect to competing approaches. |
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Madrid; July 2019 |
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IbPRIA |
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ADAS; 600.086; 600.130; 600.122 |
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Admin @ si @ |
Serial |
3707 |
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Author |
Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Muhammad Anwer Rao; Joost Van de Weijer; Michael Felsberg; J.Laaksonen |
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Title |
Deep semantic pyramids for human attributes and action recognition |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Image Analysis, Proceedings of 19th Scandinavian Conference , SCIA 2015 |
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9127 |
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341-353 |
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Action recognition; Human attributes; Semantic pyramids |
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Describing persons and their actions is a challenging problem due to variations in pose, scale and viewpoint in real-world images. Recently, semantic pyramids approach [1] for pose normalization has shown to provide excellent results for gender and action recognition. The performance of semantic pyramids approach relies on robust image description and is therefore limited due to the use of shallow local features. In the context of object recognition [2] and object detection [3], convolutional neural networks (CNNs) or deep features have shown to improve the performance over the conventional shallow features.
We propose deep semantic pyramids for human attributes and action recognition. The method works by constructing spatial pyramids based on CNNs of different part locations. These pyramids are then combined to obtain a single semantic representation. We validate our approach on the Berkeley and 27 Human Attributes datasets for attributes classification. For action recognition, we perform experiments on two challenging datasets: Willow and PASCAL VOC 2010. The proposed deep semantic pyramids provide a significant gain of 17.2%, 13.9%, 24.3% and 22.6% compared to the standard shallow semantic pyramids on Berkeley, 27 Human Attributes, Willow and PASCAL VOC 2010 datasets respectively. Our results also show that deep semantic pyramids outperform conventional CNNs based on the full bounding box of the person. Finally, we compare our approach with state-of-the-art methods and show a gain in performance compared to best methods in literature. |
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Denmark; Copenhagen; June 2015 |
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Springer International Publishing |
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0302-9743 |
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978-3-319-19664-0 |
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SCIA |
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LAMP; 600.068; 600.079;ADAS |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ KRW2015b |
Serial |
2672 |
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Author |
Javier Marin; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Jaume Amores; Bastian Leibe |
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Title |
Random Forests of Local Experts for Pedestrian Detection |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
15th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision |
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2592 - 2599 |
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ADAS; Random Forest; Pedestrian Detection |
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Pedestrian detection is one of the most challenging tasks in computer vision, and has received a lot of attention in the last years. Recently, some authors have shown the advantages of using combinations of part/patch-based detectors in order to cope with the large variability of poses and the existence of partial occlusions. In this paper, we propose a pedestrian detection method that efficiently combines multiple local experts by means of a Random Forest ensemble. The proposed method works with rich block-based representations such as HOG and LBP, in such a way that the same features are reused by the multiple local experts, so that no extra computational cost is needed with respect to a holistic method. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to integrate the proposed approach with a cascaded architecture in order to achieve not only high accuracy but also an acceptable efficiency. In particular, the resulting detector operates at five frames per second using a laptop machine. We tested the proposed method with well-known challenging datasets such as Caltech, ETH, Daimler, and INRIA. The method proposed in this work consistently ranks among the top performers in all the datasets, being either the best method or having a small difference with the best one. |
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Sydney; Australia; December 2013 |
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IEEE |
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1550-5499 |
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ICCV |
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ADAS; 600.057; 600.054 |
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ADAS @ adas @ MVL2013 |
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2333 |
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Author |
Eugenio Alcala; Laura Sellart; Vicenc Puig; Joseba Quevedo; Jordi Saludes; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Comparison of two non-linear model-based control strategies for autonomous vehicles |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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24th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation |
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846-851 |
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Autonomous Driving; Control |
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This paper presents the comparison of two nonlinear model-based control strategies for autonomous cars. A control oriented model of vehicle based on a bicycle model is used. The two control strategies use a model reference approach. Using this approach, the error dynamics model is developed. Both controllers receive as input the longitudinal, lateral and orientation errors generating as control outputs the steering angle and the velocity of the vehicle. The first control approach is based on a non-linear control law that is designed by means of the Lyapunov direct approach. The second approach is based on a sliding mode-control that defines a set of sliding surfaces over which the error trajectories will converge. The main advantage of the sliding-control technique is the robustness against non-linearities and parametric uncertainties in the model. However, the main drawback of first order sliding mode is the chattering, so it has been implemented a high order sliding mode control. To test and compare the proposed control strategies, different path following scenarios are used in simulation. |
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Athens; Greece; June 2016 |
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ADAS; 600.085; 600.082; 600.076 |
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ADAS @ adas @ ASP2016 |
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2750 |
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Author |
Felipe Codevilla; Antonio Lopez; Vladlen Koltun; Alexey Dosovitskiy |
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Title |
On Offline Evaluation of Vision-based Driving Models |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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15th European Conference on Computer Vision |
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11219 |
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246-262 |
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Autonomous driving; deep learning |
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Autonomous driving models should ideally be evaluated by deploying
them on a fleet of physical vehicles in the real world. Unfortunately, this approach is not practical for the vast majority of researchers. An attractive alternative is to evaluate models offline, on a pre-collected validation dataset with ground truth annotation. In this paper, we investigate the relation between various online and offline metrics for evaluation of autonomous driving models. We find that offline prediction error is not necessarily correlated with driving quality, and two models with identical prediction error can differ dramatically in their driving performance. We show that the correlation of offline evaluation with driving quality can be significantly improved by selecting an appropriate validation dataset and
suitable offline metrics. |
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Munich; September 2018 |
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ECCV |
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ADAS; 600.124; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ CLK2018 |
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3162 |
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Author |
Daniel Hernandez; Antonio Espinosa; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Juan Carlos Moure |
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Title |
GPU-accelerated real-time stixel computation |
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Conference Article |
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2017 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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1054-1062 |
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Autonomous Driving; GPU; Stixel |
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The Stixel World is a medium-level, compact representation of road scenes that abstracts millions of disparity pixels into hundreds or thousands of stixels. The goal of this work is to implement and evaluate a complete multi-stixel estimation pipeline on an embedded, energyefficient, GPU-accelerated device. This work presents a full GPU-accelerated implementation of stixel estimation that produces reliable results at 26 frames per second (real-time) on the Tegra X1 for disparity images of 1024×440 pixels and stixel widths of 5 pixels, and achieves more than 400 frames per second on a high-end Titan X GPU card. |
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Santa Rosa; CA; USA; March 2017 |
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WACV |
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ADAS; 600.118 |
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ADAS @ adas @ HEV2017b |
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2812 |
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German Ros; Sebastian Ramos; Manuel Granados; Amir Bakhtiary; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez |
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Vision-based Offline-Online Perception Paradigm for Autonomous Driving |
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Conference Article |
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2015 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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231 - 238 |
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Autonomous Driving; Scene Understanding; SLAM; Semantic Segmentation |
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Autonomous driving is a key factor for future mobility. Properly perceiving the environment of the vehicles is essential for a safe driving, which requires computing accurate geometric and semantic information in real-time. In this paper, we challenge state-of-the-art computer vision algorithms for building a perception system for autonomous driving. An inherent drawback in the computation of visual semantics is the trade-off between accuracy and computational cost. We propose to circumvent this problem by following an offline-online strategy. During the offline stage dense 3D semantic maps are created. In the online stage the current driving area is recognized in the maps via a re-localization process, which allows to retrieve the pre-computed accurate semantics and 3D geometry in realtime. Then, detecting the dynamic obstacles we obtain a rich understanding of the current scene. We evaluate quantitatively our proposal in the KITTI dataset and discuss the related open challenges for the computer vision community. |
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Hawaii; January 2015 |
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ACDC |
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WACV |
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ADAS; 600.076 |
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ADAS @ adas @ RRG2015 |
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2499 |
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