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Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Julien Enconniere; Saryani Asmayawati; Pau Folch; Juan Borrego-Carazo; Miquel Angel Piera |
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E-Pilots: A System to Predict Hard Landing During the Approach Phase of Commercial Flights |
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2022 |
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IEEE Access |
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ACCESS |
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10 |
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7489-7503 |
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More than half of all commercial aircraft operation accidents could have been prevented by executing a go-around. Making timely decision to execute a go-around manoeuvre can potentially reduce overall aviation industry accident rate. In this paper, we describe a cockpit-deployable machine learning system to support flight crew go-around decision-making based on the prediction of a hard landing event.
This work presents a hybrid approach for hard landing prediction that uses features modelling temporal dependencies of aircraft variables as inputs to a neural network. Based on a large dataset of 58177 commercial flights, the results show that our approach has 85% of average sensitivity with 74% of average specificity at the go-around point. It follows that our approach is a cockpit-deployable recommendation system that outperforms existing approaches. |
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IAM; 600.139; 600.118; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ GHE2022 |
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3721 |
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Sonia Baeza; Debora Gil; I.Garcia Olive; M.Salcedo; J.Deportos; Carles Sanchez; Guillermo Torres; G.Moragas; Antoni Rosell |
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A novel intelligent radiomic analysis of perfusion SPECT/CT images to optimize pulmonary embolism diagnosis in COVID-19 patients |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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EJNMMI Physics |
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EJNMMI-PHYS |
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9 |
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1, Article 84 |
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1-17 |
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Background: COVID-19 infection, especially in cases with pneumonia, is associated with a high rate of pulmonary embolism (PE). In patients with contraindications for CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) or non-diagnostic CTPA, perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (Q-SPECT/CT) is a diagnostic alternative. The goal of this study is to develop a radiomic diagnostic system to detect PE based only on the analysis of Q-SPECT/CT scans.
Methods: This radiomic diagnostic system is based on a local analysis of Q-SPECT/CT volumes that includes both CT and Q-SPECT values for each volume point. We present a combined approach that uses radiomic features extracted from each scan as input into a fully connected classifcation neural network that optimizes a weighted crossentropy loss trained to discriminate between three diferent types of image patterns (pixel sample level): healthy lungs (control group), PE and pneumonia. Four types of models using diferent confguration of parameters were tested.
Results: The proposed radiomic diagnostic system was trained on 20 patients (4,927 sets of samples of three types of image patterns) and validated in a group of 39 patients (4,410 sets of samples of three types of image patterns). In the training group, COVID-19 infection corresponded to 45% of the cases and 51.28% in the test group. In the test group, the best model for determining diferent types of image patterns with PE presented a sensitivity, specifcity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 75.1%, 98.2%, 88.9% and 95.4%, respectively. The best model for detecting
pneumonia presented a sensitivity, specifcity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 94.1%, 93.6%, 85.2% and 97.6%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.92 for PE and 0.91 for pneumonia. When the results obtained at the pixel sample level are aggregated into regions of interest, the sensitivity of the PE increases to 85%, and all metrics improve for pneumonia.
Conclusion: This radiomic diagnostic system was able to identify the diferent lung imaging patterns and is a frst step toward a comprehensive intelligent radiomic system to optimize the diagnosis of PE by Q-SPECT/CT. |
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5 dec 2022 |
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Springer |
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Admin @ si @ BGG2022 |
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3759 |
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David Castells; Vinh Ngo; Juan Borrego-Carazo; Marc Codina; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil; Jordi Carrabina |
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Title |
A Survey of FPGA-Based Vision Systems for Autonomous Cars |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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IEEE Access |
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ACESS |
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10 |
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132525-132563 |
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Autonomous automobile; Computer vision; field programmable gate arrays; reconfigurable architectures |
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On the road to making self-driving cars a reality, academic and industrial researchers are working hard to continue to increase safety while meeting technical and regulatory constraints Understanding the surrounding environment is a fundamental task in self-driving cars. It requires combining complex computer vision algorithms. Although state-of-the-art algorithms achieve good accuracy, their implementations often require powerful computing platforms with high power consumption. In some cases, the processing speed does not meet real-time constraints. FPGA platforms are often used to implement a category of latency-critical algorithms that demand maximum performance and energy efficiency. Since self-driving car computer vision functions fall into this category, one could expect to see a wide adoption of FPGAs in autonomous cars. In this paper, we survey the computer vision FPGA-based works from the literature targeting automotive applications over the last decade. Based on the survey, we identify the strengths and weaknesses of FPGAs in this domain and future research opportunities and challenges. |
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16 December 2022 |
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IEEE |
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IAM; 600.166 |
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Admin @ si @ CNB2022 |
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3760 |
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Author |
Saad Minhas; Zeba Khanam; Shoaib Ehsan; Klaus McDonald Maier; Aura Hernandez-Sabate |
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Title |
Weather Classification by Utilizing Synthetic Data |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Sensors |
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SENS |
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22 |
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9 |
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3193 |
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Weather classification; synthetic data; dataset; autonomous car; computer vision; advanced driver assistance systems; deep learning; intelligent transportation systems |
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Weather prediction from real-world images can be termed a complex task when targeting classification using neural networks. Moreover, the number of images throughout the available datasets can contain a huge amount of variance when comparing locations with the weather those images are representing. In this article, the capabilities of a custom built driver simulator are explored specifically to simulate a wide range of weather conditions. Moreover, the performance of a new synthetic dataset generated by the above simulator is also assessed. The results indicate that the use of synthetic datasets in conjunction with real-world datasets can increase the training efficiency of the CNNs by as much as 74%. The article paves a way forward to tackle the persistent problem of bias in vision-based datasets. |
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21 April 2022 |
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MDPI |
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IAM; 600.139; 600.159; 600.166; 600.145; |
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Admin @ si @ MKE2022 |
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3761 |
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Author |
Juan Borrego-Carazo; Carles Sanchez; David Castells; Jordi Carrabina; Debora Gil |
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A benchmark for the evaluation of computational methods for bronchoscopic navigation |
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2022 |
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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery |
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IJCARS |
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17 |
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1 |
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Admin @ si @ BSC2022 |
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3832 |
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Antoni Rosell; Sonia Baeza; S. Garcia-Reina; JL. Mate; Ignasi Guasch; I. Nogueira; I. Garcia-Olive; Guillermo Torres; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil |
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EP01.05-001 Radiomics to Increase the Effectiveness of Lung Cancer Screening Programs. Radiolung Preliminary Results |
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2022 |
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Journal of Thoracic Oncology |
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JTO |
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17 |
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9 |
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S182 |
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IAM |
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Admin @ si @ RBG2022b |
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3834 |
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Antoni Rosell; Sonia Baeza; S. Garcia-Reina; JL. Mate; Ignasi Guasch; I. Nogueira; I. Garcia-Olive; Guillermo Torres; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil |
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Radiomics to increase the effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs. Radiolung preliminary results. |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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European Respiratory Journal |
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ERJ |
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60 |
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66 |
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IAM |
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Admin @ si @ RBG2022c |
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3835 |
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Sonia Baeza; R.Domingo; M.Salcedo; G.Moragas; J.Deportos; I.Garcia Olive; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil; Antoni Rosell |
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Artificial Intelligence to Optimize Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis During Covid-19 Pandemic by Perfusion SPECT/CT, a Pilot Study |
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2021 |
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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |
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IAM; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ BDS2021 |
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3591 |
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Mireia Sole; Joan Blanco; Debora Gil; Oliver Valero; Alvaro Pascual; B. Cardenas; G. Fonseka; E. Anton; Richard Frodsham; Francesca Vidal; Zaida Sarrate |
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Chromosomal positioning in spermatogenic cells is influenced by chromosomal factors associated with gene activity, bouquet formation, and meiotic sex-chromosome inactivation |
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2021 |
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Chromosoma |
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130 |
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163-175 |
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Chromosome territoriality is not random along the cell cycle and it is mainly governed by intrinsic chromosome factors and gene expression patterns. Conversely, very few studies have explored the factors that determine chromosome territoriality and its influencing factors during meiosis. In this study, we analysed chromosome positioning in murine spermatogenic cells using three-dimensionally fluorescence in situ hybridization-based methodology, which allows the analysis of the entire karyotype. The main objective of the study was to decipher chromosome positioning in a radial axis (all analysed germ-cell nuclei) and longitudinal axis (only spermatozoa) and to identify the chromosomal factors that regulate such an arrangement. Results demonstrated that the radial positioning of chromosomes during spermatogenesis was cell-type specific and influenced by chromosomal factors associated to gene activity. Chromosomes with specific features that enhance transcription (high GC content, high gene density and high numbers of predicted expressed genes) were preferentially observed in the inner part of the nucleus in virtually all cell types. Moreover, the position of the sex chromosomes was influenced by their transcriptional status, from the periphery of the nucleus when its activity was repressed (pachytene) to a more internal position when it is partially activated (spermatid). At pachytene, chromosome positioning was also influenced by chromosome size due to the bouquet formation. Longitudinal chromosome positioning in the sperm nucleus was not random either, suggesting the importance of ordered longitudinal positioning for the release and activation of the paternal genome after fertilisation. |
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IAM; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ SBG2021 |
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3592 |
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Marta Ligero; Alonso Garcia Ruiz; Cristina Viaplana; Guillermo Villacampa; Maria V Raciti; Jaid Landa; Ignacio Matos; Juan Martin Liberal; Maria Ochoa de Olza; Cinta Hierro; Joaquin Mateo; Macarena Gonzalez; Rafael Morales Barrera; Cristina Suarez; Jordi Rodon; Elena Elez; Irene Braña; Eva Muñoz-Couselo; Ana Oaknin; Roberta Fasani; Paolo Nuciforo; Debora Gil; Carlota Rubio Perez; Joan Seoane; Enriqueta Felip; Manuel Escobar; Josep Tabernero; Joan Carles; Rodrigo Dienstmann; Elena Garralda; Raquel Perez Lopez |
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A CT-based radiomics signature is associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced solid tumors |
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2021 |
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Radiology |
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299 |
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1 |
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109-119 |
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Background Reliable predictive imaging markers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors are needed. Purpose To develop and validate a pretreatment CT-based radiomics signature to predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced solid tumors. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, a radiomics signature was developed in patients with advanced solid tumors (including breast, cervix, gastrointestinal) treated with anti-programmed cell death-1 or programmed cell death ligand-1 monotherapy from August 2012 to May 2018 (cohort 1). This was tested in patients with bladder and lung cancer (cohorts 2 and 3). Radiomics variables were extracted from all metastases delineated at pretreatment CT and selected by using an elastic-net model. A regression model combined radiomics and clinical variables with response as the end point. Biologic validation of the radiomics score with RNA profiling of cytotoxic cells (cohort 4) was assessed with Mann-Whitney analysis. Results The radiomics signature was developed in 85 patients (cohort 1: mean age, 58 years ± 13 [standard deviation]; 43 men) and tested on 46 patients (cohort 2: mean age, 70 years ± 12; 37 men) and 47 patients (cohort 3: mean age, 64 years ± 11; 40 men). Biologic validation was performed in a further cohort of 20 patients (cohort 4: mean age, 60 years ± 13; 14 men). The radiomics signature was associated with clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (area under the curve [AUC], 0.70; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.77; P < .001). In cohorts 2 and 3, the AUC was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.76) and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.77; P < .001), respectively. A radiomics-clinical signature (including baseline albumin level and lymphocyte count) improved on radiomics-only performance (AUC, 0.74 [95% CI: 0.63, 0.84; P < .001]; Akaike information criterion, 107.00 and 109.90, respectively). Conclusion A pretreatment CT-based radiomics signature is associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, likely reflecting the tumor immunophenotype. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Summers in this issue. |
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IAM; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ LGV2021 |
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3593 |
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