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Author Victoria Ruiz; Angel Sanchez; Jose F. Velez; Bogdan Raducanu edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Waste Classification with Small Datasets and Limited Resources Type Book Chapter
  Year (down) 2022 Publication ICT Applications for Smart Cities. Intelligent Systems Reference Library Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 224 Issue Pages 185-203  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Automatic waste recycling has become a very important societal challenge nowadays, raising people’s awareness for a cleaner environment and a more sustainable lifestyle. With the transition to Smart Cities, and thanks to advanced ICT solutions, this problem has received a new impulse. The waste recycling focus has shifted from general waste treating facilities to an individual responsibility, where each person should become aware of selective waste separation. The surge of the mobile devices, accompanied by a significant increase in computation power, has potentiated and facilitated this individual role. An automated image-based waste classification mechanism can help with a more efficient recycling and a reduction of contamination from residuals. Despite the good results achieved with the deep learning methodologies for this task, the Achille’s heel is that they require large neural networks which need significant computational resources for training and therefore are not suitable for mobile devices. To circumvent this apparently intractable problem, we will rely on knowledge distillation in order to transfer the network’s knowledge from a larger network (called ‘teacher’) to a smaller, more compact one, (referred as ‘student’) and thus making it possible the task of image classification on a device with limited resources. For evaluation, we considered as ‘teachers’ large architectures such as InceptionResNet or DenseNet and as ‘students’, several configurations of the MobileNets. We used the publicly available TrashNet dataset to demonstrate that the distillation process does not significantly affect system’s performance (e.g. classification accuracy) of the student network.  
  Address September 2022  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title ISRL  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-031-06306-0 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes LAMP Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Serial 3813  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Shiqi Yang; Yaxing Wang; Kai Wang; Shangling Jui; Joost Van de Weijer edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Local Prediction Aggregation: A Frustratingly Easy Source-free Domain Adaptation Method Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We propose a simple but effective source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) method. Treating SFDA as an unsupervised clustering problem and following the intuition that local neighbors in feature space should have more similar predictions than other features, we propose to optimize an objective of prediction consistency. This objective encourages local neighborhood features in feature space to have similar predictions while features farther away in feature space have dissimilar predictions, leading to efficient feature clustering and cluster assignment simultaneously. For efficient training, we seek to optimize an upper-bound of the objective resulting in two simple terms. Furthermore, we relate popular existing methods in domain adaptation, source-free domain adaptation and contrastive learning via the perspective of discriminability and diversity. The experimental results prove the superiority of our method, and our method can be adopted as a simple but strong baseline for future research in SFDA. Our method can be also adapted to source-free open-set and partial-set DA which further shows the generalization ability of our method. Code is available in this https URL.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes LAMP; 600.147 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ YWW2022b Serial 3815  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ali Furkan Biten; Ruben Tito; Lluis Gomez; Ernest Valveny; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title OCR-IDL: OCR Annotations for Industry Document Library Dataset Type Conference Article
  Year (down) 2022 Publication ECCV Workshop on Text in Everything Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Pretraining has proven successful in Document Intelligence tasks where deluge of documents are used to pretrain the models only later to be finetuned on downstream tasks. One of the problems of the pretraining approaches is the inconsistent usage of pretraining data with different OCR engines leading to incomparable results between models. In other words, it is not obvious whether the performance gain is coming from diverse usage of amount of data and distinct OCR engines or from the proposed models. To remedy the problem, we make public the OCR annotations for IDL documents using commercial OCR engine given their superior performance over open source OCR models. The contributed dataset (OCR-IDL) has an estimated monetary value over 20K US$. It is our hope that OCR-IDL can be a starting point for future works on Document Intelligence. All of our data and its collection process with the annotations can be found in this https URL.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ECCV  
  Notes DAG; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BTG2022 Serial 3817  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Shiqi Yang; Yaxing Wang; Kai Wang; Shangling Jui; Joost Van de Weijer edit  openurl
  Title One Ring to Bring Them All: Towards Open-Set Recognition under Domain Shift Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In this paper, we investigate model adaptation under domain and category shift, where the final goal is to achieve
(SF-UNDA), which addresses the situation where there exist both domain and category shifts between source and target domains. Under the SF-UNDA setting, the model cannot access source data anymore during target adaptation, which aims to address data privacy concerns. We propose a novel training scheme to learn a (
+1)-way classifier to predict the
source classes and the unknown class, where samples of only known source categories are available for training. Furthermore, for target adaptation, we simply adopt a weighted entropy minimization to adapt the source pretrained model to the unlabeled target domain without source data. In experiments, we show:
After source training, the resulting source model can get excellent performance for
;
After target adaptation, our method surpasses current UNDA approaches which demand source data during adaptation. The versatility to several different tasks strongly proves the efficacy and generalization ability of our method.
When augmented with a closed-set domain adaptation approach during target adaptation, our source-free method further outperforms the current state-of-the-art UNDA method by 2.5%, 7.2% and 13% on Office-31, Office-Home and VisDA respectively.
 
  Address  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes LAMP; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ YWW2022c Serial 3818  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Saiping Zhang, Luis Herranz, Marta Mrak, Marc Gorriz Blanch, Shuai Wan, Fuzheng Yang edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title PeQuENet: Perceptual Quality Enhancement of Compressed Video with Adaptation-and Attention-based Network Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In this paper we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) framework to enhance the perceptual quality of compressed videos. Our framework includes attention and adaptation to different quantization parameters (QPs) in a single model. The attention module exploits global receptive fields that can capture and align long-range correlations between consecutive frames, which can be beneficial for enhancing perceptual quality of videos. The frame to be enhanced is fed into the deep network together with its neighboring frames, and in the first stage features at different depths are extracted. Then extracted features are fed into attention blocks to explore global temporal correlations, followed by a series of upsampling and convolution layers. Finally, the resulting features are processed by the QP-conditional adaptation module which leverages the corresponding QP information. In this way, a single model can be used to enhance adaptively to various QPs without requiring multiple models specific for every QP value, while having similar performance. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed PeQuENet compared with the state-of-the-art compressed video quality enhancement algorithms.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes MACO; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ZHM2022b Serial 3819  
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Author Ruben Ballester; Xavier Arnal Clemente; Carles Casacuberta; Meysam Madadi; Ciprian Corneanu edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Towards explaining the generalization gap in neural networks using topological data analysis Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Understanding how neural networks generalize on unseen data is crucial for designing more robust and reliable models. In this paper, we study the generalization gap of neural networks using methods from topological data analysis. For this purpose, we compute homological persistence diagrams of weighted graphs constructed from neuron activation correlations after a training phase, aiming to capture patterns that are linked to the generalization capacity of the network. We compare the usefulness of different numerical summaries from persistence diagrams and show that a combination of some of them can accurately predict and partially explain the generalization gap without the need of a test set. Evaluation on two computer vision recognition tasks (CIFAR10 and SVHN) shows competitive generalization gap prediction when compared against state-of-the-art methods.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes HUPBA; no menciona Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BAC2022 Serial 3821  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Arya Farkhondeh; Cristina Palmero; Simone Scardapane; Sergio Escalera edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Towards Self-Supervised Gaze Estimation Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Recent joint embedding-based self-supervised methods have surpassed standard supervised approaches on various image recognition tasks such as image classification. These self-supervised methods aim at maximizing agreement between features extracted from two differently transformed views of the same image, which results in learning an invariant representation with respect to appearance and geometric image transformations. However, the effectiveness of these approaches remains unclear in the context of gaze estimation, a structured regression task that requires equivariance under geometric transformations (e.g., rotations, horizontal flip). In this work, we propose SwAT, an equivariant version of the online clustering-based self-supervised approach SwAV, to learn more informative representations for gaze estimation. We demonstrate that SwAT, with ResNet-50 and supported with uncurated unlabeled face images, outperforms state-of-the-art gaze estimation methods and supervised baselines in various experiments. In particular, we achieve up to 57% and 25% improvements in cross-dataset and within-dataset evaluation tasks on existing benchmarks (ETH-XGaze, Gaze360, and MPIIFaceGaze).  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes HUPBA; no menciona Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FPS2022 Serial 3822  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Word separation in continuous sign language using isolated signs and post-processing Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Continuous Sign Language Recognition (CSLR) is a long challenging task in Computer Vision due to the difficulties in detecting the explicit boundaries between the words in a sign sentence. To deal with this challenge, we propose a two-stage model. In the first stage, the predictor model, which includes a combination of CNN, SVD, and LSTM, is trained with the isolated signs. In the second stage, we apply a post-processing algorithm to the Softmax outputs obtained from the first part of the model in order to separate the isolated signs in the continuous signs. Due to the lack of a large dataset, including both the sign sequences and the corresponding isolated signs, two public datasets in Isolated Sign Language Recognition (ISLR), RKS-PERSIANSIGN and ASLVID, are used for evaluation. Results of the continuous sign videos confirm the efficiency of the proposed model to deal with isolated sign boundaries detection.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes HUPBA; no menciona Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RKE2022b Serial 3824  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Marco Cotogni; Fei Yang; Claudio Cusano; Andrew Bagdanov; Joost Van de Weijer edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Gated Class-Attention with Cascaded Feature Drift Compensation for Exemplar-free Continual Learning of Vision Transformers Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Marco Cotogni, Fei Yang, Claudio Cusano, Andrew D. Bagdanov, Joost van de Weijer  
  Abstract We propose a new method for exemplar-free class incremental training of ViTs. The main challenge of exemplar-free continual learning is maintaining plasticity of the learner without causing catastrophic forgetting of previously learned tasks. This is often achieved via exemplar replay which can help recalibrate previous task classifiers to the feature drift which occurs when learning new tasks. Exemplar replay, however, comes at the cost of retaining samples from previous tasks which for many applications may not be possible. To address the problem of continual ViT training, we first propose gated class-attention to minimize the drift in the final ViT transformer block. This mask-based gating is applied to class-attention mechanism of the last transformer block and strongly regulates the weights crucial for previous tasks. Importantly, gated class-attention does not require the task-ID during inference, which distinguishes it from other parameter isolation methods. Secondly, we propose a new method of feature drift compensation that accommodates feature drift in the backbone when learning new tasks. The combination of gated class-attention and cascaded feature drift compensation allows for plasticity towards new tasks while limiting forgetting of previous ones. Extensive experiments performed on CIFAR-100, Tiny-ImageNet and ImageNet100 demonstrate that our exemplar-free method obtains competitive results when compared to rehearsal based ViT methods.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes LAMP; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CYC2022 Serial 3827  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title A Non-Anatomical Graph Structure for isolated hand gesture separation in continuous gesture sequences Type Miscellaneous
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Continuous Hand Gesture Recognition (CHGR) has been extensively studied by researchers in the last few decades. Recently, one model has been presented to deal with the challenge of the boundary detection of isolated gestures in a continuous gesture video [17]. To enhance the model performance and also replace the handcrafted feature extractor in the presented model in [17], we propose a GCN model and combine it with the stacked Bi-LSTM and Attention modules to push the temporal information in the video stream. Considering the breakthroughs of GCN models for skeleton modality, we propose a two-layer GCN model to empower the 3D hand skeleton features. Finally, the class probabilities of each isolated gesture are fed to the post-processing module, borrowed from [17]. Furthermore, we replace the anatomical graph structure with some non-anatomical graph structures. Due to the lack of a large dataset, including both the continuous gesture sequences and the corresponding isolated gestures, three public datasets in Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition (DHGR), RKS-PERSIANSIGN, and ASLVID, are used for evaluation. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed model in dealing with isolated gesture boundaries detection in continuous gesture sequences  
  Address  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes HuPBA; no menciona Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RKE2022d Serial 3828  
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Author Juan Borrego-Carazo; Carles Sanchez; David Castells; Jordi Carrabina; Debora Gil edit  openurl
  Title A benchmark for the evaluation of computational methods for bronchoscopic navigation Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2022 Publication International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Abbreviated Journal IJCARS  
  Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages  
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  Abstract  
  Address  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes IAM Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BSC2022 Serial 3832  
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Author Antoni Rosell; Sonia Baeza; S. Garcia-Reina; JL. Mate; Ignasi Guasch; I. Nogueira; I. Garcia-Olive; Guillermo Torres; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil edit  url
openurl 
  Title EP01.05-001 Radiomics to Increase the Effectiveness of Lung Cancer Screening Programs. Radiolung Preliminary Results Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2022 Publication Journal of Thoracic Oncology Abbreviated Journal JTO  
  Volume 17 Issue 9 Pages S182  
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  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes IAM Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RBG2022b Serial 3834  
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Author Antoni Rosell; Sonia Baeza; S. Garcia-Reina; JL. Mate; Ignasi Guasch; I. Nogueira; I. Garcia-Olive; Guillermo Torres; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil edit  openurl
  Title Radiomics to increase the effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs. Radiolung preliminary results. Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2022 Publication European Respiratory Journal Abbreviated Journal ERJ  
  Volume 60 Issue 66 Pages  
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  Abstract  
  Address  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes IAM Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RBG2022c Serial 3835  
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Author David Aldavert edit  isbn
openurl 
  Title Efficient and Scalable Handwritten Word Spotting on Historical Documents using Bag of Visual Words Type Book Whole
  Year (down) 2021 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Word spotting can be defined as the pattern recognition tasked aimed at locating and retrieving a specific keyword within a document image collection without explicitly transcribing the whole corpus. Its use is particularly interesting when applied in scenarios where Optical Character Recognition performs poorly or can not be used at all. This thesis focuses on such a scenario, word spotting on historical handwritten documents that have been written by a single author or by multiple authors with a similar calligraphy.
This problem requires a visual signature that is robust to image artifacts, flexible to accommodate script variations and efficient to retrieve information in a rapid manner. For this, we have developed a set of word spotting methods that on their foundation use the well known Bag-of-Visual-Words (BoVW) representation. This representation has gained popularity among the document image analysis community to characterize handwritten words
in an unsupervised manner. However, most approaches on this field rely on a basic BoVW configuration and disregard complex encoding and spatial representations. We determine which BoVW configurations provide the best performance boost to a spotting system.
Then, we extend the segmentation-based word spotting, where word candidates are given a priori, to segmentation-free spotting. The proposed approach seeds the document images with overlapping word location candidates and characterizes them with a BoVW signature. Retrieval is achieved comparing the query and candidate signatures and returning the locations that provide a higher consensus. This is a simple but powerful approach that requires a more compact signature than in a segmentation-based scenario. We first
project the BoVW signature into a reduced semantic topics space and then compress it further using Product Quantizers. The resulting signature only requires a few dozen bytes, allowing us to index thousands of pages on a common desktop computer. The final system still yields a performance comparable to the state-of-the-art despite all the information loss during the compression phases.
Afterwards, we also study how to combine different modalities of information in order to create a query-by-X spotting system where, words are indexed using an information modality and queries are retrieved using another. We consider three different information modalities: visual, textual and audio. Our proposal is to create a latent feature space where features which are semantically related are projected onto the same topics. Creating thus a new feature space where information from different modalities can be compared. Later, we consider the codebook generation and descriptor encoding problem. The codebooks used to encode the BoVW signatures are usually created using an unsupervised clustering algorithm and, they require to test multiple parameters to determine which configuration is best for a certain document collection. We propose a semantic clustering algorithm which allows to estimate the best parameter from data. Since gather annotated data is costly, we use synthetically generated word images. The resulting codebook is database agnostic, i. e. a codebook that yields a good performance on document collections that use the same script. We also propose the use of an additional codebook to approximate descriptors and reduce the descriptor encoding
complexity to sub-linear.
Finally, we focus on the problem of signatures dimensionality. We propose a new symbol probability signature where each bin represents the probability that a certain symbol is present a certain location of the word image. This signature is extremely compact and combined with compression techniques can represent word images with just a few bytes per signature.
 
  Address April 2021  
  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
  Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Editor Marçal Rusiñol;Josep Llados  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-84-122714-5-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Ald2021 Serial 3601  
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Author Md Mostafa Kamal Sarker; Hatem A. Rashwan; Farhan Akram; Vivek Kumar Singh; Syeda Furruka Banu; Forhad U H Chowdhury; Kabir Ahmed Choudhury; Sylvie Chambon; Petia Radeva; Domenec Puig; Mohamed Abdel-Nasser edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title SLSNet: Skin lesion segmentation using a lightweight generative adversarial network Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2021 Publication Expert Systems With Applications Abbreviated Journal ESWA  
  Volume 183 Issue Pages 115433  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The determination of precise skin lesion boundaries in dermoscopic images using automated methods faces many challenges, most importantly, the presence of hair, inconspicuous lesion edges and low contrast in dermoscopic images, and variability in the color, texture and shapes of skin lesions. Existing deep learning-based skin lesion segmentation algorithms are expensive in terms of computational time and memory. Consequently, running such segmentation algorithms requires a powerful GPU and high bandwidth memory, which are not available in dermoscopy devices. Thus, this article aims to achieve precise skin lesion segmentation with minimum resources: a lightweight, efficient generative adversarial network (GAN) model called SLSNet, which combines 1-D kernel factorized networks, position and channel attention, and multiscale aggregation mechanisms with a GAN model. The 1-D kernel factorized network reduces the computational cost of 2D filtering. The position and channel attention modules enhance the discriminative ability between the lesion and non-lesion feature representations in spatial and channel dimensions, respectively. A multiscale block is also used to aggregate the coarse-to-fine features of input skin images and reduce the effect of the artifacts. SLSNet is evaluated on two publicly available datasets: ISBI 2017 and the ISIC 2018. Although SLSNet has only 2.35 million parameters, the experimental results demonstrate that it achieves segmentation results on a par with the state-of-the-art skin lesion segmentation methods with an accuracy of 97.61%, and Dice and Jaccard similarity coefficients of 90.63% and 81.98%, respectively. SLSNet can run at more than 110 frames per second (FPS) in a single GTX1080Ti GPU, which is faster than well-known deep learning-based image segmentation models, such as FCN. Therefore, SLSNet can be used for practical dermoscopic applications.  
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  Notes MILAB; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SRA2021 Serial 3633  
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