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Author |
Fadi Dornaika; Bogdan Raducanu |
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Title |
Three-Dimensional Face Pose Detection and Tracking Using Monocular Videos: Tool and Application |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics part B |
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TSMCB |
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39 |
Issue |
4 |
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935–944 |
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Recently, we have proposed a real-time tracker that simultaneously tracks the 3-D head pose and facial actions in monocular video sequences that can be provided by low quality cameras. This paper has two main contributions. First, we propose an automatic 3-D face pose initialization scheme for the real-time tracker by adopting a 2-D face detector and an eigenface system. Second, we use the proposed methods-the initialization and tracking-for enhancing the human-machine interaction functionality of an AIBO robot. More precisely, we show how the orientation of the robot's camera (or any active vision system) can be controlled through the estimation of the user's head pose. Applications based on head-pose imitation such as telepresence, virtual reality, and video games can directly exploit the proposed techniques. Experiments on real videos confirm the robustness and usefulness of the proposed methods. |
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OR;MV |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ DoR2009a |
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1218 |
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Author |
Jose Antonio Rodriguez; Florent Perronnin |
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Title |
Handwritten word-spotting using hidden Markov models and universal vocabularies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
PR |
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42 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
2103-2116 |
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Word-spotting; Hidden Markov model; Score normalization; Universal vocabulary; Handwriting recognition |
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Handwritten word-spotting is traditionally viewed as an image matching task between one or multiple query word-images and a set of candidate word-images in a database. This is a typical instance of the query-by-example paradigm. In this article, we introduce a statistical framework for the word-spotting problem which employs hidden Markov models (HMMs) to model keywords and a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) for score normalization. We explore the use of two types of HMMs for the word modeling part: continuous HMMs (C-HMMs) and semi-continuous HMMs (SC-HMMs), i.e. HMMs with a shared set of Gaussians. We show on a challenging multi-writer corpus that the proposed statistical framework is always superior to a traditional matching system which uses dynamic time warping (DTW) for word-image distance computation. A very important finding is that the SC-HMM is superior when labeled training data is scarce—as low as one sample per keyword—thanks to the prior information which can be incorporated in the shared set of Gaussians. |
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Elsevier |
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0031-3203 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ RoP2009 |
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1053 |
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Author |
Ignasi Rius; Jordi Gonzalez; Javier Varona; Xavier Roca |
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Title |
Action-specific motion prior for efficient bayesian 3D human body tracking |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
PR |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2907–2921 |
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In this paper, we aim to reconstruct the 3D motion parameters of a human body
model from the known 2D positions of a reduced set of joints in the image plane.
Towards this end, an action-specific motion model is trained from a database of real
motion-captured performances. The learnt motion model is used within a particle
filtering framework as a priori knowledge on human motion. First, our dynamic
model guides the particles according to similar situations previously learnt. Then, the solution space is constrained so only feasible human postures are accepted as valid solutions at each time step. As a result, we are able to track the 3D configuration of the full human body from several cycles of walking motion sequences using only the 2D positions of a very reduced set of joints from lateral or frontal viewpoints. |
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0031-3203 |
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ISE |
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no |
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ISE @ ise @ RGV2009 |
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1159 |
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Author |
Miquel Ferrer; Ernest Valveny; F. Serratosa |
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Title |
Median Graphs: A Genetic Approach based on New Theoretical Properties |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
PR |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
2003–2012 |
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Keywords |
Median graph; Genetic search; Maximum common subgraph; Graph matching; Structural pattern recognition |
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Given a set of graphs, the median graph has been theoretically presented as a useful concept to infer a representative of the set. However, the computation of the median graph is a highly complex task and its practical application has been very limited up to now. In this work we present two major contributions. On one side, and from a theoretical point of view, we show new theoretical properties of the median graph. On the other side, using these new properties, we present a new approximate algorithm based on the genetic search, that improves the computation of the median graph. Finally, we perform a set of experiments on real data, where none of the existing algorithms for the median graph computation could be applied up to now due to their computational complexity. With these results, we show how the concept of the median graph can be used in real applications and leaves the box of the only-theoretical concepts, demonstrating, from a practical point of view, that can be a useful tool to represent a set of graphs. |
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DAG |
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no |
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DAG @ dag @ FVS2009b |
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1167 |
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Author |
Daniel Ponsa; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Variance reduction techniques in particle-based visual contour Tracking |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
PR |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2372–2391 |
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Keywords |
Contour tracking; Active shape models; Kalman filter; Particle filter; Importance sampling; Unscented particle filter; Rao-Blackwellization; Partitioned sampling |
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Abstract |
This paper presents a comparative study of three different strategies to improve the performance of particle filters, in the context of visual contour tracking: the unscented particle filter, the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter, and the partitioned sampling technique. The tracking problem analyzed is the joint estimation of the global and local transformation of the outline of a given target, represented following the active shape model approach. The main contributions of the paper are the novel adaptations of the considered techniques on this generic problem, and the quantitative assessment of their performance in extensive experimental work done. |
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ADAS |
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no |
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ADAS @ adas @ PoL2009a |
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1168 |
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Author |
C. Alejandro Parraga; Robert Benavente; Maria Vanrell; Ramon Baldrich |
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Title |
Psychophysical measurements to model inter-colour regions of colour-naming space |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Imaging Science and Technology |
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Volume |
53 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
031106 (8 pages) |
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image processing; Analysis |
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Abstract |
JCR Impact Factor 2009: 0.391
In this paper, we present a fuzzy-set of parametric functions which segment the CIE lab space into eleven regions which correspond to the group of common universal categories present in all evolved languages as identified by anthropologists and linguists. The set of functions is intended to model a color-name assignment task by humans and differs from other models in its emphasis on the inter-color boundary regions, which were explicitly measured by means of a psychophysics experiment. In our particular implementation, the CIE lab space was segmented into eleven color categories using a Triple Sigmoid as the fuzzy sets basis, whose parameters are included in this paper. The model’s parameters were adjusted according to the psychophysical results of a yes/no discrimination paradigm where observers had to choose (English) names for isoluminant colors belonging to regions in-between neighboring categories. These colors were presented on a calibrated CRT monitor (14-bit x 3 precision). The experimental results show that inter- color boundary regions are much less defined than expected and color samples other than those near the most representatives are needed to define the position and shape of boundaries between categories. The extended set of model parameters is given as a table. |
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CIC |
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no |
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CAT @ cat @ PBV2009 |
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1157 |
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Author |
Javier Vazquez; C. Alejandro Parraga; Maria Vanrell; Ramon Baldrich |
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Title |
Color Constancy Algorithms: Psychophysical Evaluation on a New Dataset |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Imaging Science and Technology |
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53 |
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3 |
Pages |
031105–9 |
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The estimation of the illuminant of a scene from a digital image has been the goal of a large amount of research in computer vision. Color constancy algorithms have dealt with this problem by defining different heuristics to select a unique solution from within the feasible set. The performance of these algorithms has shown that there is still a long way to go to globally solve this problem as a preliminary step in computer vision. In general, performance evaluation has been done by comparing the angular error between the estimated chromaticity and the chromaticity of a canonical illuminant, which is highly dependent on the image dataset. Recently, some workers have used high-level constraints to estimate illuminants; in this case selection is based on increasing the performance on the subsequent steps of the systems. In this paper we propose a new performance measure, the perceptual angular error. It evaluates the performance of a color constancy algorithm according to the perceptual preferences of humans, or naturalness (instead of the actual optimal solution) and is independent of the visual task. We show the results of a new psychophysical experiment comparing solutions from three different color constancy algorithms. Our results show that in more than a half of the judgments the preferred solution is not the one closest to the optimal solution. Our experiments were performed on a new dataset of images acquired with a calibrated camera with an attached neutral grey sphere, which better copes with the illuminant variations of the scene. |
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CIC |
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no |
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CAT @ cat @ VPV2009a |
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1171 |
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Author |
Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Intravascular Ultrasound Tissue Characterization with Sub-class Error-Correcting Output Codes |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Journal of Signal Processing Systems |
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55 |
Issue |
1-3 |
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35–47 |
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Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) represents a powerful imaging technique to explore coronary vessels and to study their morphology and histologic properties. In this paper, we characterize different tissues based on radial frequency, texture-based, and combined features. To deal with the classification of multiple tissues, we require the use of robust multi-class learning techniques. In this sense, error-correcting output codes (ECOC) show to robustly combine binary classifiers to solve multi-class problems. In this context, we propose a strategy to model multi-class classification tasks using sub-classes information in the ECOC framework. The new strategy splits the classes into different sub-sets according to the applied base classifier. Complex IVUS data sets containing overlapping data are learnt by splitting the original set of classes into sub-classes, and embedding the binary problems in a problem-dependent ECOC design. The method automatically characterizes different tissues, showing performance improvements over the state-of-the-art ECOC techniques for different base classifiers. Furthermore, the combination of RF and texture-based features also shows improvements over the state-of-the-art approaches. |
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1939-8018 |
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MILAB;HuPBA |
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no |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPM2009 |
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1258 |
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Fernando Vilariño; Stephan Ameling; Gerard Lacey; Stephen Patchett; Hugh Mulcahy |
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Title |
Eye Tracking Search Patterns in Expert and Trainee Colonoscopists: A Novel Method of Assessing Endoscopic Competency? |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Gastrointestinal Endoscopy |
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GI |
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69 |
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5 |
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370 |
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800 |
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MV;SIAI |
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fernando @ fernando @ |
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2420 |
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Author |
Albert Gordo |
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A Cyclic Page Layout Descriptor for Document Classification & Retrieval |
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2009 |
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CVC Technical Report |
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128 |
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Computer Vision Center |
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Master's thesis |
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Bellaterra, Barcelona |
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CIC;DAG |
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Admin @ si @ Gor2009 |
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2387 |
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Author |
Noha Elfiky |
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Title |
Enhancing Local Binary Patterns with Spatial Pyramid Kernel: Application to Scene Classification |
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2009 |
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CVC Technical Report |
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129 |
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Computer Vision Center |
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Master's thesis |
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Bellaterra, Barcelona |
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Admin @ si @ Elf2009 |
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2388 |
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Author |
Hany Salah Eldeen |
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Title |
Colour Naming in Context through a Perceptual Model |
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2009 |
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CVC Technical Report |
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130 |
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Computer Vision Center |
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Master's thesis |
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Bellaterra, Barcelona |
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Admin @ si @ Eld2009 |
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2389 |
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Author |
Naila Murray |
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Perceptual Feature Detection |
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2009 |
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CVC Technical Report |
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131 |
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Computer Vision Center |
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Master's thesis |
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Bellaterra, Barcelona |
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CIC |
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Admin @ si @ Mur2009 |
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2390 |
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Author |
Josep M. Gonfaus |
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Title |
Semantic Segmentation of Images Using Random Ferns |
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2009 |
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CVC Technical Report |
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132 |
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Computer Vision Center |
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Master's thesis |
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Bellaterra, Barcelona |
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ISE |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ Gon2009 |
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2391 |
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Author |
David Augusto Rojas |
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Title |
Colouring Local Feature Detection for Matching |
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2009 |
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CVC Technical Report |
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133 |
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Corporate Author |
Computer Vision Center |
Thesis |
Master's thesis |
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Place of Publication |
Bellaterra, Barcelona |
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Notes |
CIC |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Roj2009 |
Serial |
2392 |
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