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	Author	Nuria Cirera; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados
	Title	Hidden Markov model topology optimization for handwriting recognition			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	626-630
	Keywords
	Abstract	In this paper we present a method to optimize the topology of linear left-to-right hidden Markov models. These models are very popular for sequential signals modeling on tasks such as handwriting recognition. Many topology definition methods select the number of states for a character model based on character length. This can be a drawback when characters are shorter than the minimum allowed by the model, since they can not be properly trained nor recognized. The proposed method optimizes the number of states per model by automatically including convenient skip-state transitions and therefore it avoids the aforementioned problem.We discuss and compare our method with other character length-based methods such the Fixed, Bakis and Quantile methods. Our proposal performs well on off-line handwriting recognition task.
	Address	Nancy; France; August 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICDAR
	Notes	DAG; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ CFL2015			Serial	2639
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	Author	J. Chazalon; Marçal Rusiñol; Jean-Marc Ogier; Josep Llados
	Title	A Semi-Automatic Groundtruthing Tool for Mobile-Captured Document Segmentation			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	621-625
	Keywords
	Abstract	This paper presents a novel way to generate groundtruth data for the evaluation of mobile document capture systems, focusing on the first stage of the image processing pipeline involved: document object detection and segmentation in lowquality preview frames. We introduce and describe a simple, robust and fast technique based on color markers which enables a semi-automated annotation of page corners. We also detail a technique for marker removal. Methods and tools presented in the paper were successfully used to annotate, in few hours, 24889 frames in 150 video files for the smartDOC competition at ICDAR 2015
	Address	Nancy; France; August 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICDAR
	Notes	DAG; 600.084; 600.061; 601.223; 600.077			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ CRO2015b			Serial	2685
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	Author	Hongxing Gao; Marçal Rusiñol; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Josep Llados; R.Jain; D.Doermann
	Title	Novel Line Verification for Multiple Instance Focused Retrieval in Document Collections			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	481-485
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Nancy; France; August 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICDAR
	Notes	DAG; 600.077; 601.223; 600.084; 600.061			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ GRK2015			Serial	2683
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	Author	Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas
	Title	Object Proposals for Text Extraction in the Wild			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	206 - 210
	Keywords
	Abstract	Object Proposals is a recent computer vision technique receiving increasing interest from the research community. Its main objective is to generate a relatively small set of bounding box proposals that are most likely to contain objects of interest. The use of Object Proposals techniques in the scene text understanding field is innovative. Motivated by the success of powerful while expensive techniques to recognize words in a holistic way, Object Proposals techniques emerge as an alternative to the traditional text detectors. In this paper we study to what extent the existing generic Object Proposals methods may be useful for scene text understanding. Also, we propose a new Object Proposals algorithm that is specifically designed for text and compare it with other generic methods in the state of the art. Experiments show that our proposal is superior in its ability of producing good quality word proposals in an efficient way. The source code of our method is made publicly available
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICDAR
	Notes	DAG; 600.077; 600.084; 601.197			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ GoK2015			Serial	2691
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	Author	A.Nicolaou; Andrew Bagdanov; Marcus Liwicki; Dimosthenis Karatzas
	Title	Sparse Radial Sampling LBP for Writer Identification			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	716-720
	Keywords
	Abstract	In this paper we present the use of Sparse Radial Sampling Local Binary Patterns, a variant of Local Binary Patterns (LBP) for text-as-texture classification. By adapting and extending the standard LBP operator to the particularities of text we get a generic text-as-texture classification scheme and apply it to writer identification. In experiments on CVL and ICDAR 2013 datasets, the proposed feature-set demonstrates State-Of-the-Art (SOA) performance. Among the SOA, the proposed method is the only one that is based on dense extraction of a single local feature descriptor. This makes it fast and applicable at the earliest stages in a DIA pipeline without the need for segmentation, binarization, or extraction of multiple features.
	Address	Nancy; France; August 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICDAR
	Notes	DAG; 600.077			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ NBL2015			Serial	2692
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	Author	M. Campos-Taberner; Adriana Romero; Carlo Gatta; Gustavo Camps-Valls
	Title	Shared feature representations of LiDAR and optical images: Trading sparsity for semantic discrimination			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	4169 - 4172
	Keywords
	Abstract	This paper studies the level of complementary information conveyed by extremely high resolution LiDAR and optical images. We pursue this goal following an indirect approach via unsupervised spatial-spectral feature extraction. We used a recently presented unsupervised convolutional neural network trained to enforce both population and lifetime spar-sity in the feature representation. We derived independent and joint feature representations, and analyzed the sparsity scores and the discriminative power. Interestingly, the obtained results revealed that the RGB+LiDAR representation is no longer sparse, and the derived basis functions merge color and elevation yielding a set of more expressive colored edge filters. The joint feature representation is also more discriminative when used for clustering and topological data visualization.
	Address	Milan; Italy; July 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IGARSS
	Notes	LAMP; 600.079;MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ CRG2015			Serial	2724
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	Author	Eduardo Tusa; Arash Akbarinia; Raquel Gil Rodriguez; Corina Barbalata
	Title	Real-Time Face Detection and Tracking Utilising OpenMP and ROS			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Aided System Engineering	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	179 - 184
	Keywords	RGB-D; Kinect; Human Detection and Tracking; ROS; OpenMP
	Abstract	The first requisite of a robot to succeed in social interactions is accurate human localisation, i.e. subject detection and tracking. Later, it is estimated whether an interaction partner seeks attention, for example by interpreting the position and orientation of the body. In computer vision, these cues usually are obtained in colour images, whose qualities are degraded in ill illuminated social scenes. In these scenarios depth sensors offer a richer representation. Therefore, it is important to combine colour and depth information. The second aspect that plays a fundamental role in the acceptance of social robots is their real-time-ability. Processing colour and depth images is computationally demanding. To overcome this we propose a parallelisation strategy of face detection and tracking based on two different architectures: message passing and shared memory. Our results demonstrate high accuracy in low computational time, processing nine times more number of frames in a parallel implementation. This provides a real-time social robot interaction.
	Address	Quito; Ecuador; July 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	APCASE
	Notes	NEUROBIT			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ TAG2015			Serial	2659
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez; Xavier Baro; Pablo Pardo; Junior Fabian; Marc Oliu; Hugo Jair Escalante; Ivan Huerta; Isabelle Guyon
	Title	ChaLearn Looking at People 2015 new competitions: Age Estimation and Cultural Event Recognition			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks IJCNN2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-8
	Keywords
	Abstract	Following previous series on Looking at People (LAP) challenges [1], [2], [3], in 2015 ChaLearn runs two new competitions within the field of Looking at People: age and cultural event recognition in still images. We propose thefirst crowdsourcing application to collect and label data about apparent age of people instead of the real age. In terms of cultural event recognition, tens of categories have to be recognized. This involves scene understanding and human analysis. This paper summarizes both challenges and data, providing some initial baselines. The results of the first round of the competition were presented at ChaLearn LAP 2015 IJCNN special session on computer vision and robotics http://www.dtic.ua.es/∼jgarcia/IJCNN2015. Details of the ChaLearn LAP competitions can be found at http://gesture.chalearn.org/.
	Address	Killarney; Ireland; July 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IJCNN
	Notes	HuPBA; ISE; 600.063; 600.078;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ EGB2015			Serial	2591
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	Author	Gerard Canal; Cecilio Angulo; Sergio Escalera
	Title	Gesture based Human Multi-Robot interaction			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks IJCNN2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The emergence of robot applications for nontechnical users implies designing new ways of interaction between robotic platforms and users. The main goal of this work is the development of a gestural interface to interact with robots in a similar way as humans do, allowing the user to provide information of the task with non-verbal communication. The gesture recognition application has been implemented using the Microsoft’s KinectTM v2 sensor. Hence, a real-time algorithm based on skeletal features is described to deal with both, static gestures and dynamic ones, being the latter recognized using a weighted Dynamic Time Warping method. The gesture recognition application has been implemented in a multi-robot case. A NAO humanoid robot is in charge of interacting with the users and respond to the visual signals they produce. Moreover, a wheeled Wifibot robot carries both the sensor and the NAO robot, easing navigation when necessary. A broad set of user tests have been carried out demonstrating that the system is, indeed, a natural approach to human robot interaction, with a fast response and easy to use, showing high gesture recognition rates.
	Address	Killarney; Ireland; July 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IJCNN
	Notes	HuPBA;MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	CAE2015a			Serial	2651
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	Author	Hugo Jair Escalante; Jose Martinez; Sergio Escalera; Victor Ponce; Xavier Baro
	Title	Improving Bag of Visual Words Representations with Genetic Programming			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks IJCNN2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The bag of visual words is a well established representation in diverse computer vision problems. Taking inspiration from the fields of text mining and retrieval, this representation has proved to be very effective in a large number of domains. In most cases, a standard term-frequency weighting scheme is considered for representing images and videos in computer vision. This is somewhat surprising, as there are many alternative ways of generating bag of words representations within the text processing community. This paper explores the use of alternative weighting schemes for landmark tasks in computer vision: image categorization and gesture recognition. We study the suitability of using well-known supervised and unsupervised weighting schemes for such tasks. More importantly, we devise a genetic program that learns new ways of representing images and videos under the bag of visual words representation. The proposed method learns to combine term-weighting primitives trying to maximize the classification performance. Experimental results are reported in standard image and video data sets showing the effectiveness of the proposed evolutionary algorithm.
	Address	Killarney; Ireland; July 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IJCNN
	Notes	HuPBA;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ EME2015			Serial	2603
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	Author	Isabelle Guyon; Kristin Bennett; Gavin Cawley; Hugo Jair Escalante; Sergio Escalera; Tin Kam Ho; Nuria Macia; Bisakha Ray; Alexander Statnikov; Evelyne Viegas
	Title	Design of the 2015 ChaLearn AutoML Challenge			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks IJCNN2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	ChaLearn is organizing for IJCNN 2015 an Automatic Machine Learning challenge (AutoML) to solve classification and regression problems from given feature representations, without any human intervention. This is a challenge with code submission: the code submitted can be executed automatically on the challenge servers to train and test learning machines on new datasets. However, there is no obligation to submit code. Half of the prizes can be won by just submitting prediction results. There are six rounds (Prep, Novice, Intermediate, Advanced, Expert, and Master) in which datasets of progressive difficulty are introduced (5 per round). There is no requirement to participate in previous rounds to enter a new round. The rounds alternate AutoML phases in which submitted code is “blind tested” on datasets the participants have never seen before, and Tweakathon phases giving time (' 1 month) to the participants to improve their methods by tweaking their code on those datasets. This challenge will push the state-of-the-art in fully automatic machine learning on a wide range of problems taken from real world applications. The platform will remain available beyond the termination of the challenge: http://codalab.org/AutoML
	Address	Killarney; Ireland; July 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IJCNN
	Notes	HuPBA;MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ GBC2015a			Serial	2604
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	Author	Isabelle Guyon; Kristin Bennett; Gavin Cawley; Hugo Jair Escalante; Sergio Escalera
	Title	The AutoML challenge on codalab			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks IJCNN2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Killarney; Ireland; July 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IJCNN
	Notes	HuPBA;MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ GBC2015b			Serial	2650
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	Author	Alejandro Gonzalez Alzate; Gabriel Villalonga; Jiaolong Xu; David Vazquez; Jaume Amores; Antonio Lopez
	Title	Multiview Random Forest of Local Experts Combining RGB and LIDAR data for Pedestrian Detection			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium IV2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	356-361
	Keywords	Pedestrian Detection
	Abstract	Despite recent significant advances, pedestrian detection continues to be an extremely challenging problem in real scenarios. In order to develop a detector that successfully operates under these conditions, it becomes critical to leverage upon multiple cues, multiple imaging modalities and a strong multi-view classifier that accounts for different pedestrian views and poses. In this paper we provide an extensive evaluation that gives insight into how each of these aspects (multi-cue, multimodality and strong multi-view classifier) affect performance both individually and when integrated together. In the multimodality component we explore the fusion of RGB and depth maps obtained by high-definition LIDAR, a type of modality that is only recently starting to receive attention. As our analysis reveals, although all the aforementioned aspects significantly help in improving the performance, the fusion of visible spectrum and depth information allows to boost the accuracy by a much larger margin. The resulting detector not only ranks among the top best performers in the challenging KITTI benchmark, but it is built upon very simple blocks that are easy to implement and computationally efficient. These simple blocks can be easily replaced with more sophisticated ones recently proposed, such as the use of convolutional neural networks for feature representation, to further improve the accuracy.
	Address	Seoul; Corea; June 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area	ACDC	Expedition		Conference	IV
	Notes	ADAS; 600.076; 600.057; 600.054			Approved	no
	Call Number	ADAS @ adas @ GVX2015			Serial	2625
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	Author	German Ros; Sebastian Ramos; Manuel Granados; Amir Bakhtiary; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez
	Title	Vision-based Offline-Online Perception Paradigm for Autonomous Driving			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	231 - 238
	Keywords	Autonomous Driving; Scene Understanding; SLAM; Semantic Segmentation
	Abstract	Autonomous driving is a key factor for future mobility. Properly perceiving the environment of the vehicles is essential for a safe driving, which requires computing accurate geometric and semantic information in real-time. In this paper, we challenge state-of-the-art computer vision algorithms for building a perception system for autonomous driving. An inherent drawback in the computation of visual semantics is the trade-off between accuracy and computational cost. We propose to circumvent this problem by following an offline-online strategy. During the offline stage dense 3D semantic maps are created. In the online stage the current driving area is recognized in the maps via a re-localization process, which allows to retrieve the pre-computed accurate semantics and 3D geometry in realtime. Then, detecting the dynamic obstacles we obtain a rich understanding of the current scene. We evaluate quantitatively our proposal in the KITTI dataset and discuss the related open challenges for the computer vision community.
	Address	Hawaii; January 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area	ACDC	Expedition		Conference	WACV
	Notes	ADAS; 600.076			Approved	no
	Call Number	ADAS @ adas @ RRG2015			Serial	2499
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	Author	Mikhail Mozerov
	Title	Constrained Optical Flow Estimation as a Matching Problem			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2013	Publication	IEEE Transactions on Image Processing	Abbreviated Journal	TIP
	Volume	22	Issue	5	Pages	2044-2055
	Keywords
	Abstract	In general, discretization in the motion vector domain yields an intractable number of labels. In this paper we propose an approach that can reduce general optical flow to the constrained matching problem by pre-estimating a 2D disparity labeling map of the desired discrete motion vector function. One of the goals of the proposed paper is estimating coarse distribution of motion vectors and then utilizing this distribution as global constraints for discrete optical flow estimation. This pre-estimation is done with a simple frame-to-frame correlation technique also known as the digital symmetric-phase-only-filter (SPOF). We discover a strong correlation between the output of the SPOF and the motion vector distribution of the related optical flow. The two step matching paradigm for optical flow estimation is applied: pixel accuracy (integer flow), and subpixel accuracy estimation. The matching problem is solved by global optimization. Experiments on the Middlebury optical flow datasets confirm our intuitive assumptions about strong correlation between motion vector distribution of optical flow and maximal peaks of SPOF outputs. The overall performance of the proposed method is promising and achieves state-of-the-art results on the Middlebury benchmark.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1057-7149	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	ISE			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ Moz2013			Serial	2191
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