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	Author	David Geronimo; Angel Sappa; Daniel Ponsa; Antonio Lopez
	Title	2D-3D based on-board pedestrian detection system			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2010	Publication	Computer Vision and Image Understanding	Abbreviated Journal	CVIU
	Volume	114	Issue	5	Pages	583–595
	Keywords	Pedestrian detection; Advanced Driver Assistance Systems; Horizon line; Haar wavelets; Edge orientation histograms
	Abstract	During the next decade, on-board pedestrian detection systems will play a key role in the challenge of increasing traffic safety. The main target of these systems, to detect pedestrians in urban scenarios, implies overcoming difficulties like processing outdoor scenes from a mobile platform and searching for aspect-changing objects in cluttered environments. This makes such systems combine techniques in the state-of-the-art Computer Vision. In this paper we present a three module system based on both 2D and 3D cues. The first module uses 3D information to estimate the road plane parameters and thus select a coherent set of regions of interest (ROIs) to be further analyzed. The second module uses Real AdaBoost and a combined set of Haar wavelets and edge orientation histograms to classify the incoming ROIs as pedestrian or non-pedestrian. The final module loops again with the 3D cue in order to verify the classified ROIs and with the 2D in order to refine the final results. According to the results, the integration of the proposed techniques gives rise to a promising system.
	Address	Computer Vision and Image Understanding (Special Issue on Intelligent Vision Systems), Vol. 114(5):583-595
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1077-3142	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	ADAS			Approved	no
	Call Number	ADAS @ adas @ GSP2010			Serial	1341
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	Author	Jose Manuel Alvarez; Theo Gevers; Antonio Lopez
	Title	3D Scene Priors for Road Detection			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	23rd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	57–64
	Keywords	road detection
	Abstract	Vision-based road detection is important in different areas of computer vision such as autonomous driving, car collision warning and pedestrian crossing detection. However, current vision-based road detection methods are usually based on low-level features and they assume structured roads, road homogeneity, and uniform lighting conditions. Therefore, in this paper, contextual 3D information is used in addition to low-level cues. Low-level photometric invariant cues are derived from the appearance of roads. Contextual cues used include horizon lines, vanishing points, 3D scene layout and 3D road stages. Moreover, temporal road cues are included. All these cues are sensitive to different imaging conditions and hence are considered as weak cues. Therefore, they are combined to improve the overall performance of the algorithm. To this end, the low-level, contextual and temporal cues are combined in a Bayesian framework to classify road sequences. Large scale experiments on road sequences show that the road detection method is robust to varying imaging conditions, road types, and scenarios (tunnels, urban and highway). Further, using the combined cues outperforms all other individual cues. Finally, the proposed method provides highest road detection accuracy when compared to state-of-the-art methods.
	Address	San Francisco; CA; USA; June 2010
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1063-6919	ISBN	978-1-4244-6984-0	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	CVPR
	Notes	ADAS;ISE			Approved	no
	Call Number	ADAS @ adas @ AGL2010a			Serial	1302
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	Author	Susana Alvarez; Anna Salvatella; Maria Vanrell; Xavier Otazu
	Title	3D Texton Spaces for color-texture retrieval			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	7th International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6111	Issue		Pages	354–363
	Keywords
	Abstract	Color and texture are visual cues of different nature, their integration in an useful visual descriptor is not an easy problem. One way to combine both features is to compute spatial texture descriptors independently on each color channel. Another way is to do the integration at the descriptor level. In this case the problem of normalizing both cues arises. In this paper we solve the latest problem by fusing color and texture through distances in texton spaces. Textons are the attributes of image blobs and they are responsible for texture discrimination as defined in Julesz’s Texton theory. We describe them in two low-dimensional and uniform spaces, namely, shape and color. The dissimilarity between color texture images is computed by combining the distances in these two spaces. Following this approach, we propose our TCD descriptor which outperforms current state of art methods in the two different approaches mentioned above, early combination with LBP and late combination with MPEG-7. This is done on an image retrieval experiment over a highly diverse texture dataset from Corel.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg	Place of Publication		Editor	A.C. Campilho and M.S. Kamel
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title	LNCS
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0302-9743	ISBN	978-3-642-13771-6	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICIAR
	Notes	CIC			Approved	no
	Call Number	CAT @ cat @ ASV2010a			Serial	1325
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	Author	Albert Gordo; Alicia Fornes; Ernest Valveny; Josep Llados
	Title	A Bag of Notes Approach to Writer Identification in Old Handwritten Music Scores			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	9th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	247–254
	Keywords
	Abstract	Determining the authorship of a document, namely writer identification, can be an important source of information for document categorization. Contrary to text documents, the identification of the writer of graphical documents is still a challenge. In this paper we present a robust approach for writer identification in a particular kind of graphical documents, old music scores. This approach adapts the bag of visual terms method for coping with graphic documents. The identification is performed only using the graphical music notation. For this purpose, we generate a graphic vocabulary without recognizing any music symbols, and consequently, avoiding the difficulties in the recognition of hand-drawn symbols in old and degraded documents. The proposed method has been tested on a database of old music scores from the 17th to 19th centuries, achieving very high identification rates.
	Address	Boston; USA;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	978-1-60558-773-8	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	DAS
	Notes	DAG			Approved	no
	Call Number	DAG @ dag @ GFV2010			Serial	1320
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	Author	Albert Gordo; Florent Perronnin
	Title	A Bag-of-Pages Approach to Unordered Multi-Page Document Classification			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1920–1923
	Keywords
	Abstract	We consider the problem of classifying documents containing multiple unordered pages. For this purpose, we propose a novel bag-of-pages document representation. To represent a document, one assigns every page to a prototype in a codebook of pages. This leads to a histogram representation which can then be fed to any discriminative classifier. We also consider several refinements over this initial approach. We show on two challenging datasets that the proposed approach significantly outperforms a baseline system.
	Address	Istanbul (Turkey)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1051-4651	ISBN	978-1-4244-7542-1	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICPR
	Notes	DAG			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ GoP2010			Serial	1480
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	Author	Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Gemma Sanchez; Xavier Otazu; Horst Bunke
	Title	A Combination of Features for Symbol-Independent Writer Identification in Old Music Scores			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2010	Publication	International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition	Abbreviated Journal	IJDAR
	Volume	13	Issue	4	Pages	243-259
	Keywords
	Abstract	The aim of writer identification is determining the writer of a piece of handwriting from a set of writers. In this paper, we present an architecture for writer identification in old handwritten music scores. Even though an important amount of music compositions contain handwritten text, the aim of our work is to use only music notation to determine the author. The main contribution is therefore the use of features extracted from graphical alphabets. Our proposal consists in combining the identification results of two different approaches, based on line and textural features. The steps of the ensemble architecture are the following. First of all, the music sheet is preprocessed for removing the staff lines. Then, music lines and texture images are generated for computing line features and textural features. Finally, the classification results are combined for identifying the writer. The proposed method has been tested on a database of old music scores from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries, achieving a recognition rate of about 92% with 20 writers.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer-Verlag	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-2833	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	DAG; CAT;CIC			Approved	no
	Call Number	FLS2010b			Serial	1319
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	Author	Javier Vazquez; G. D. Finlayson; Maria Vanrell
	Title	A compact singularity function to predict WCS data and unique hues			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	5th European Conference on Colour in Graphics, Imaging and Vision and 12th International Symposium on Multispectral Colour Science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	33–38
	Keywords
	Abstract	Understanding how colour is used by the human vision system is a widely studied research field. The field, though quite advanced, still faces important unanswered questions. One of them is the explanation of the unique hues and the assignment of color names. This problem addresses the fact of different perceptual status for different colors. Recently, Philipona and O'Regan have proposed a biological model that allows to extract the reflection properties of any surface independently of the lighting conditions. These invariant properties are the basis to compute a singularity index that predicts the asymmetries presented in unique hues and basic color categories psychophysical data, therefore is giving a further step in their explanation. In this paper we build on their formulation and propose a new singularity index. This new formulation equally accounts for the location of the 4 peaks of the World colour survey and has two main advantages. First, it is a simple elegant numerical measure (the Philipona measurement is a rather cumbersome formula). Second, we develop a colour-based explanation for the measure.
	Address	Joensuu, Finland
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	9781617388897	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	CGIV/MCS
	Notes	CIC			Approved	no
	Call Number	CAT @ cat @ VFV2010			Serial	1324
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	Author	Muhammad Muzzamil Luqman; Thierry Brouard; Jean-Yves Ramel; Josep Llados
	Title	A Content Spotting System For Line Drawing Graphic Document Images			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	20	Issue		Pages	3420–3423
	Keywords
	Abstract	We present a content spotting system for line drawing graphic document images. The proposed system is sufficiently domain independent and takes the keyword based information retrieval for graphic documents, one step forward, to Query By Example (QBE) and focused retrieval. During offline learning mode: we vectorize the documents in the repository, represent them by attributed relational graphs, extract regions of interest (ROIs) from them, convert each ROI to a fuzzy structural signature, cluster similar signatures to form ROI classes and build an index for the repository. During online querying mode: a Bayesian network classifier recognizes the ROIs in the query image and the corresponding documents are fetched by looking up in the repository index. Experimental results are presented for synthetic images of architectural and electronic documents.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1051-4651	ISBN	978-1-4244-7542-1	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICPR
	Notes	DAG			Approved	no
	Call Number	DAG @ dag @ LBR2010b			Serial	1460
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	Author	Mohammad Rouhani; Angel Sappa
	Title	A Fast accurate Implicit Polynomial Fitting Approach			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1429–1432
	Keywords
	Abstract	This paper presents a novel hybrid approach that combines state of the art fitting algorithms: algebraic-based and geometric-based. It consists of two steps; first, the 3L algorithm is used as an initialization and then, the obtained result, is improved through a geometric approach. The adopted geometric approach is based on a distance estimation that avoids costly search for the real orthogonal distance. Experimental results are presented as well as quantitative comparisons.
	Address	Hong-Kong
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1522-4880	ISBN	978-1-4244-7992-4	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICIP
	Notes	ADAS			Approved	no
	Call Number	ADAS @ adas @ RoS2010b			Serial	1359
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	Author	Antonio Clavelli; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Josep Llados
	Title	A framework for the assessment of text extraction algorithms on complex colour images			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	9th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	19–26
	Keywords
	Abstract	The availability of open, ground-truthed datasets and clear performance metrics is a crucial factor in the development of an application domain. The domain of colour text image analysis (real scenes, Web and spam images, scanned colour documents) has traditionally suffered from a lack of a comprehensive performance evaluation framework. Such a framework is extremely difficult to specify, and corresponding pixel-level accurate information tedious to define. In this paper we discuss the challenges and technical issues associated with developing such a framework. Then, we describe a complete framework for the evaluation of text extraction methods at multiple levels, provide a detailed ground-truth specification and present a case study on how this framework can be used in a real-life situation.
	Address	Boston; USA;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	978-1-60558-773-8	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	DAS
	Notes	DAG			Approved	no
	Call Number	DAG @ dag @ CKL2010			Serial	1432
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	Author	Muhammad Muzzamil Luqman; Josep Llados; Jean-Yves Ramel; Thierry Brouard
	Title	A Fuzzy-Interval Based Approach For Explicit Graph Embedding, Recognizing Patterns in Signals, Speech, Images and Video			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	6388	Issue		Pages	93–98
	Keywords
	Abstract	We present a new method for explicit graph embedding. Our algorithm extracts a feature vector for an undirected attributed graph. The proposed feature vector encodes details about the number of nodes, number of edges, node degrees, the attributes of nodes and the attributes of edges in the graph. The first two features are for the number of nodes and the number of edges. These are followed by w features for node degrees, m features for k node attributes and n features for l edge attributes — which represent the distribution of node degrees, node attribute values and edge attribute values, and are obtained by defining (in an unsupervised fashion), fuzzy-intervals over the list of node degrees, node attributes and edge attributes. Experimental results are provided for sample data of ICPR2010 contest GEPR.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer, Heidelberg	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title	LNCS
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0302-9743	ISBN	978-3-642-17710-1	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICPR
	Notes	DAG			Approved	no
	Call Number	DAG @ dag @ LLR2010			Serial	1459
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	Author	David Geronimo
	Title	A Global Approach to Vision-Based Pedestrian Detection for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems			Type	Book Whole
	Year	2010	Publication	PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	At the beginning of the 21th century, traffic accidents have become a major problem not only for developed countries but also for emerging ones. As in other scientific areas in which Artificial Intelligence is becoming a key actor, advanced driver assistance systems, and concretely pedestrian protection systems based on Computer Vision, are becoming a strong topic of research aimed at improving the safety of pedestrians. However, the challenge is of considerable complexity due to the varying appearance of humans (e.g., clothes, size, aspect ratio, shape, etc.), the dynamic nature of on-board systems and the unstructured moving environments that urban scenarios represent. In addition, the required performance is demanding both in terms of computational time and detection rates. In this thesis, instead of focusing on improving specific tasks as it is frequent in the literature, we present a global approach to the problem. Such a global overview starts by the proposal of a generic architecture to be used as a framework both to review the literature and to organize the studied techniques along the thesis. We then focus the research on tasks such as foreground segmentation, object classification and refinement following a general viewpoint and exploring aspects that are not usually analyzed. In order to perform the experiments, we also present a novel pedestrian dataset that consists of three subsets, each one addressed to the evaluation of a different specific task in the system. The results presented in this thesis not only end with a proposal of a pedestrian detection system but also go one step beyond by pointing out new insights, formalizing existing and proposed algorithms, introducing new techniques and evaluating their performance, which we hope will provide new foundations for future research in the area.
	Address	Antonio Lopez;Krystian Mikolajczyk;Jaume Amores;Dariu M. Gavrila;Oriol Pujol;Felipe Lumbreras
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Ph.D. thesis
	Publisher	Ediciones Graficas Rey	Place of Publication		Editor	Antonio Lopez;Krystian Mikolajczyk;Jaume Amores;Dariu M. Gavrila;Oriol Pujol;Felipe Lumbreras
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	978-84-936529-5-1	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	ADAS			Approved	no
	Call Number	ADAS @ adas @ Ger2010			Serial	1279
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	Author	Albert Gordo; Jaume Gibert; Ernest Valveny; Marçal Rusiñol
	Title	A Kernel-based Approach to Document Retrieval			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	9th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	377–384
	Keywords
	Abstract	In this paper we tackle the problem of document image retrieval by combining a similarity measure between documents and the probability that a given document belongs to a certain class. The membership probability to a specific class is computed using Support Vector Machines in conjunction with similarity measure based kernel applied to structural document representations. In the presented experiments, we use different document representations, both visual and structural, and we apply them to a database of historical documents. We show how our method based on similarity kernels outperforms the usual distance-based retrieval.
	Address	Boston; USA;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	978-1-60558-773-8	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	DAS
	Notes	DAG			Approved	no
	Call Number	DAG @ dag @ GGV2010			Serial	1431
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	Author	Francesco Ciompi; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
	Title	A meta-learning approach to Conditional Random Fields using Error-Correcting Output Codes			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	710–713
	Keywords
	Abstract	We present a meta-learning framework for the design of potential functions for Conditional Random Fields. The design of both node potential and edge potential is formulated as a classification problem where margin classifiers are used. The set of state transitions for the edge potential is treated as a set of different classes, thus defining a multi-class learning problem. The Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) technique is used to deal with the multi-class problem. Furthermore, the point defined by the combination of margin classifiers in the ECOC space is interpreted in a probabilistic manner, and the obtained distance values are then converted into potential values. The proposed model exhibits very promising results when applied to two real detection problems.
	Address	Istanbul;Turkey
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1051-4651	ISBN	978-1-4244-7542-1	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICPR
	Notes	MILAB;HUPBA			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ CPR2010a			Serial	1365
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	Author	Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; Luis Badiella; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Francesc Carreras; Sandra Pujades; Enric Marti
	Title	A Normalized Framework for the Design of Feature Spaces Assessing the Left Ventricular Function			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2010	Publication	IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging	Abbreviated Journal	TMI
	Volume	29	Issue	3	Pages	733-745
	Keywords
	Abstract	A through description of the left ventricle functionality requires combining complementary regional scores. A main limitation is the lack of multiparametric normality models oriented to the assessment of regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA). This paper covers two main topics involved in RWMA assessment. We propose a general framework allowing the fusion and comparison across subjects of different regional scores. Our framework is used to explore which combination of regional scores (including 2-D motion and strains) is better suited for RWMA detection. Our statistical analysis indicates that for a proper (within interobserver variability) identification of RWMA, models should consider motion and extreme strains.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0278-0062	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	IAM			Approved	no
	Call Number	IAM @ iam @ GGH2010b			Serial	1507
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